Status analysis of quality control of administered infusion solution with cytotoxic drugs.

The administered infusion solution is a sterile preparation that can be used directly for intravenous infusion in patients by mixing one or more intravenous drugs using aseptic operation technology. The pharmacy intravenous admixture service (PIVAS) center is a professional technical service department in hospitals, where the majority of inpatient-administered infusion solutions are prepared. During the processes of dissolution, dilution, preparation, storage, and use of intravenous drugs, the quality control of the administered infusion solution can be affected by various factors.

A HO Self-Charging Zinc Battery with Ultrafast Power Generation and Storage.

Self-charging power systems are considered as promising alternatives for off-grid energy devices to provide sustained electricity supply. However, the conventional self-charging systems are severely restricted by the energy availability and time-consuming charging process as well as insufficient capacity. Herein, we developed an ultrafast HO self-charging aqueous Zn/NaFeFe(CN) battery, which simultaneously integrates the HO power generation and energy storage into a battery configuration.

A High-Energy Aqueous All-Sulfur Battery.

Rechargeable aqueous batteries are promising energy storage devices because of their high safety and low cost. However, their energy densities are generally unsatisfactory due to the limited capacities of ion-inserted electrode materials, prohibiting their widespread applications. Herein, a high-energy aqueous all-sulfur battery was constructed via matching S/Cu S and S/CaS redox couples.

Six-Electron-Redox Iodine Electrodes for High-Energy Aqueous Batteries.

Iodine (I ) shows great promising as the active material in aqueous batteries due to its distinctive merits of high abundance in ocean and low cost. However, in conventional aqueous I -based batteries, the energy storage mechanism of I /I conversion is only two-electron redox reaction, limiting their energy density. Herein, six-electron redox chemistry of I electrodes is achieved via the synergistic effect of redox-ion charge-carriers and halide ions in electrolytes.

High-Energy Aqueous/Organic Hybrid Batteries Enabled by Cu Redox Charge Carriers.

Lithium||sulfur (Li||S) batteries are considered as one of the promising next-generation batteries due to the high theoretical capacity and low cost of S cathodes, as well as the low redox potential of Li metal anodes (-3.04 V vs. standard hydrogen electrode).

Multifunctional Electrolyte Additive Enables Highly Reversible Anodes and Enhanced Stable Cathodes for Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries.

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) are charming devices for large-scale power grid energy storage because of their characteristics of environment friendliness, low cost, high abundance, and safe operation. However, the inferior reversibility of the anode and the loss of cathode capacity always hinder the application of AZIBs. Herein, we propose a simple multifunctional electrolyte additive, diethylenetriamine (DETA), which can inhibit the formation of zinc dendrites and the occurrence of side reactions on the anode, reconstruct the solvated structure and uniform ion flux in the electrolyte, restrain the dissolution of active materials, and induce the crystal transformation on the cathode concurrently.

Antitumor effects of new glycoconjugated Pt agents dual-targeting GLUT1 and Pgp proteins.

A novel and highly efficient dual-targeting Pt system was designed to improve the drug delivery capacity and selectivity in cancer treatment. The dual-targeting monofunctional Pt complexes (1-8) having glycosylated pendants as tridentated ligand were achieved by introducing glycosylation modification in the thioaminocarbazone compounds with potential lysosomal targeting ability. The structures and stability of 1-8 were further established by various techniques.

Synthesis, crystal structures, anticancer activities and molecular docking studies of novel thiazolidinone Cu(II) and Fe(III) complexes targeting lysosomes: special emphasis on their binding to DNA/BSA.

Novel [CuLCl]Cl·HO (1) and [FeLCl]Cl·MeOH·CHCl·HO (2) complexes of ()-'-(()-3-methyl-4-oxothiazolidin-2-ylidene)picolinohydrazonamide (L) as antitumor agents were designed and synthesized in order to explore DNA and serum albumin interaction. X-ray diffraction revealed that both 1 and 2 were a triclinic crystal system with 1̄ space group, which consisted of a positive electric main unit, a negative chloride ion and some solvent molecules. The complexes with DNA and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were studied by fluorescence and electronic absorption spectrometry.

Non-Metal Ion Co-Insertion Chemistry in Aqueous Zn/MnO Batteries.

The co-insertion of dual ions can often offer enhanced electrochemical performance for the aqueous zinc batteries. Although the insertion of non-metallic ions has been achieved in aqueous zinc batteries, the co-insertion chemistry of non-metallic cations is still a challenge. Here, a reversible H /NH co-insertion/extraction mechanism was developed in an aqueous Zn/MnO battery system.

Thermal-Gated Polymer Electrolytes for Smart Zinc-Ion Batteries.

Smart self-protection is essential for addressing safety issues of energy-storage devices. However, conventional strategies based on sol-gel transition electrolytes often suffer from unstable self-recovery performance. Herein, smart separators based on thermal-gated poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) hydrogel electrolytes were developed for rechargeable zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs).

Recent Progress in the Electrolytes of Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries.

Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have garnered tremendous attention in the field of next energy storage devices due to their high safety, low cost, abundant resources, and eco-friendliness. As an important component of the zinc-ion battery, the electrolyte plays a vital role in the electrochemical properties, since it will provide a pathway for the migrations of the zinc ions between the cathode and anode, and determine the ionic conductivity, electrochemically stable potential window, and reaction mechanism. In this Minireview, a brief introduction of electrochemical principles of the aqueous ZIBs is discussed and the recent advances of various aqueous electrolytes for ZIBs, including liquid, gel, and multifunctional hydrogel electrolytes are also summarized.

Three series of heterometallic Ni-Ln Schiff base complexes: synthesis, crystal structures and magnetic characterization.

Three series of Ni-Ln complexes were synthesized with the general formulae [(μ-CO){Ni(HL)(CH-CHOH)Ln(CHCOO)}]·2CHCHOH (1-6) (Ln = Tb (1), Dy (2), Ho (3), Er (4), Tm (5), Yb (6); HL = N,N'-bis(3-methoxysalicylidene)-1,3-diamino-2-prop-anol), [Ni(HL)Ln(dbm)]·CHOH·2CHCl (7-10) (Ln = Tb (7), Eu (8), Gd (9), Ho (10); Hdbm = 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedione) and [Ni(HL)(HO)(tfa)Ln(hfac)] (11-15) (Ln = Tb (11), Dy (12), Eu (13), Gd (14), Ho (15); Hhfac = 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoropentane-2,4-dione, tfa = trifluoroacetate) using compartmental Schiff base ligands in conjunction with auxiliary ligands. For the NiLn series, the tetranuclear structure could be considered as two Ni-Ln dinuclear subunits bridged by two carbonates derived from atmospheric carbon dioxide. The Ln ions of complexes 1-6 were octa-coordinated with distorted triangular dodecahedral geometry, while the Ln ions of the dinuclear complexes 7-15 were nona-coordinated with distorted muffin geometry.

Synthesis, magnetism and spectral studies of six defective dicubane tetranuclear {M4O6} (M = Ni(II), Co(II), Zn(II)) and three trinuclear Cd(II) complexes with polydentate Schiff base ligands.

A series of Ni(II), Co(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes with polytopic Schiff base ligands have been synthesized. The single-crystal X-ray crystallography results show that tetranuclear complexes have common face-shared defective dicubane cores, whereas trinuclear Cd(II) complexes are almost linear entities. Synthesis methods (solvent evaporation and hydrothermal synthesis), reaction conditions (pH, solvents and dosage) and coligands (azide, methanol, chloride and acetate) play vital roles in determining the final structure of the complexes and therefore their magnetic properties.

Copper complexes based on chiral Schiff-base ligands: DNA/BSA binding ability, DNA cleavage activity, cytotoxicity and mechanism of apoptosis.

Four copper(II) complexes with chiral Schiff-base ligands, [Cu(R-L(1))2]·EtOAc (1) and [Cu(S-L(1))2]·EtOAc (2), [Cu(R-L(2))2]·EtOAc (3) and [Cu(S-L(2))2]·EtOAc (4), (R/S-HL(1) = (R/S)-(1-naththyl)-salicylaldimine, R/S-HL(2) = (R/S)-(1-naththyl)-3-methoxysalicylaldimine, EtOAc = ethyl acetate) were synthesized to serve as artificial nucleases and anticancer drugs. All complexes and R/S-HL(1) ligands were structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. The interaction of these complexes with CT-DNA was researched via several spectroscopy methods, which indicates that complexes bind to CT-DNA by moderate intercalation binding mode.

Two novel μ6-O(2-) bridged Co14/Ni14 hydroxamate clusters packed in distorted face-centered cubic patterns.

Two novel clusters [Co(μ6-O(2-))(sbha)12(sba)2 (DMF)7(DMA)]·(DMF)8 (1) and [Ni(μ6-O(2-))(sbha)12(sba)2(DMF)8] (2) (sH2bha = 4-bromo-benzohydroximic acid; sHba = 4-bromobenzene carboxylic acid; DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide; DMA = dimethylamine) have been synthesized. The novel body-centred μ6-O(2-) bridged Co14 and Ni14 clusters are packed in distorted face-centered cubic (FCC) patterns with different symmetries. Magnetic studies confirmed the antiferromagnetic exchange interactions between magnetic centers.

Synthesis, characterization, DNA/BSA interactions and anticancer activity of achiral and chiral copper complexes.

Six novel copper(ii) complexes of [CuCl]ClO4 (), [Cu(acac)]PF6 (), [CuCl]2(PF6)2 (), [CuCl]2(PF6)2 (), [Cu(acac)]PF6 () and [Cu(acac)]PF6 (), ( = 1-naphthyl-N,N-[bis(2-pyridyl)methyl]amine, = R/S-1-naphthyl-N,N-[bis(2-pyridyl)methyl]ethanamine, acac = diacetone) were synthesized to serve as artificial nucleases. All complexes were structurally characterized using X-ray crystallography. The crystal structures showed the presence of distorted square-planar CuLCl (, and ) and distorted tetragonal-pyramidal CuL(acac) (, and ) geometry.

Bio-relevant cobalt(II) complexes with compartmental polyquinoline ligand: synthesis, crystal structures and biological activities.

Three new Co(II) complexes, [Co4(L)2(μ3-CrO4)2](ClO4)2·2CH3CN (1), [Co2(L)(μ2-na)(H2O)](ClO4)2 (2) and [Co2(L)(μ2-ba)](ClO4)2·0.5CH3CN (3) (Hna=nicotinic acid, Hba=benzoic acid, HL=N,N,N',N'-tetrakis (2-quinolylmethyl)-1,3-diaminopropan-2-ol), have been synthesized and characterized by various physicochemical techniques. The Co(II) centers are connected by endogenous alkoxy bridge from L(-) and various extrinsic auxiliary linkers, some of which display coordination number asymmetry (5, 6-coordinated for 1 and 2; 5, 5-coordinated for 3).

Synthesis, crystal structure, and biological activities of two chiral mononuclear Mn((III)) complexes.

Two new chiral mononuclear Mn((III)) complexes, [MnL((R)) Cl (C2 H5 OH)]•C2 H5 OH () and [MnL((S)) (CH3 OH)2 ]Cl•CH3 OH (), {H2 L = (R,R)-or (S,S)-N,N'-bis-(2-hydroxy-1-naphthalidehydene)-cyclohexanediamine} were synthesized and characterized by various physicochemical techniques. Bond valence sum (BVS) calculations and the Jahn-Teller effect indicate that the Mn centers are in a +3 oxidation state. The statuses of the two complexes in the solution were confirmed as a pair of enantiomers by electrospray ionization, mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) spectrum.

Synthesis, characterization, and biological activities of two Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes with one polyquinoline ligand.

Two new complexes, [CuLCl]ClO4 (1) and [Zn2L2SO4(H2O)2](ClO4)2 (2) [L=N,N-bis(quinolin-2-ylmethyl)quinolin-8-amine], have been synthesized and structurally characterized. The interactions of two complexes with CT-DNA have been investigated by UV absorption, fluorescence spectroscopy, viscosity measurements and gel electrophoresis under physiological conditions. Results show that the complexes bind to CT-DNA with a moderate intercalative mode and exhibit efficient DNA cleavage activity on UV-A light of 365 nm.

Two water-soluble copper(II) complexes: synthesis, characterization, DNA cleavage, protein binding activities and in vitro anticancer activity studies.

Two water-soluble ternary copper(II) complexes of [Cu(L)Cl](ClO4) (1) and [Cu(L)Br2] (2) (L=(2-((quinolin-8-ylimino)methyl)pyridine)) were prepared and characterized by various physico-chemical techniques. Both 1 and 2 were structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. The crystal structures show the presence of a distorted square-pyramidal CuN3Cl2 (1) or CuN3Br2 (2) geometry in which Schiff-base L acts as a neutral tridentate ligand.

A series of rare earth complexes with novel non-interpenetrating 3D networks: synthesis, structures, magnetic and optical properties.

A series of metal-organic framework {Ln(BCPBA)(H2O)}n {Ln = Nd (1), Sm (2), Eu (3), Tb (4), Dy (5)}; {[Ln(BCPBA)(H2O)](H2O)}n {Ln = Pr (6), Gd (7)} have been synthesized through the hydrothermal synthesis method. These compounds possess non-interpenetrating 3D networks with 10.1438 Å× 17.

Efficient single-strand cleavage of DNA mediated by a MnIIIMnIV-based artificial nuclease.

A water-soluble Mn(IV) 1,4,7-triazacyclononane complex, [Mn(IV)2L2(μ-O)2](ClO4)2·2H2O (1), was prepared to serve as a nuclease mimic (L = 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-N-acetate). Complex 1 was readily synthesized from the highly water soluble ligand (L), with Mn(III) salt, [Mn3O(MeCO2)7]·3H2O in basic condition, and characterized by X-ray, IR, electronic spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and magnetic susceptibility as well as ESI-MS. The bond valence sum (BVS) analysis and magnetic data suggest that 1 is a Mn(IV)-μ-O2-Mn(IV) species.

Synthesis, DNA binding, photo-induced DNA cleavage, cytotoxicity studies of a family of heavy rare earth complexes.

As a continuing investigation of our previous studies about the influence of the different rare earth metal ions on the bioactivity, a family of heavy rare earth metal complexes, [RE(acac)3(dpq)] (RE=Tb (1), Dy (2), Ho (3), Er (4), Tm (5), Yb (6), Lu (7)) and [RE(acac)3(dppz)]·CH3OH (RE=Tb (8), Dy (9), Ho (10), Er (11), Tm (12), Yb (13), Lu (14) viz. acetylacetonate (acac), dipyrido[3,2-d:20,30-f]quinoxaline (dpq), dipyrido[3,2-a:20,30-c] phenazine (dppz)), has been synthesized and their biological activities were also investigated. On the irradiation with UV-A light of 365nm or ambient light, all complexes exhibit efficient DNA cleavage activity via the mechanistic pathway involving the formation of singlet oxygen and hydroxyl radical as the reactive species.

Impact of metal on the DNA photo-induced cleavage activity of a family of Phterpy complexes.

A family of Phterpy complexes, [Mn(Phterpy)2][N(CN)2]2·0.5H2O (1), [Fe(Phterpy)2](NO3)2 (2), [Ni(Phterpy)2](NO3)2 (3), [Ni(Phterpy)2]Cl2·10H2O (4), [Cd(Phterpy)2](NO3)2·2H2O (5) and [Zn(Phterpy)Cl2] (6) (Phterpy=4'-phenyl-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine), have been synthesized and structurally characterized, and their DNA binding and photo-induced DNA cleavage activities have been investigated. These complexes display binding propensity to the CT-DNA giving a relative order: 1>4>3, 5, 2, 6.

Synthesis, characterization, DNA binding and cleavage, BSA interaction and anticancer activity of dinuclear zinc complexes.

Three new zinc(II) complexes: [Zn(2)(L(1))(2)Cl(2)](ClO(4))(2)·C(2)H(5)OH (1) and [ZnL(2)X(4)]·2CH(3)CN (X = Br for 2, Cl for 3), utilizing two new and interrelated di-nucleating polypyridyl ligands (L(1), L(2)), have been synthesized and characterized by using various physico-chemical techniques. The interactions of three complexes with CT-DNA have been explored by using absorption, emission and CD spectral methods, which reveal that three complexes bind to CT-DNA by partial intercalation binding modes. Notably, in the presence of H(2)O(2) as a revulsant or an activator, the cleavage abilities of all complexes are obviously enhanced.