The role of inflammatory response and metabolic reprogramming in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: mechanistic insights and therapeutic potential.

Sepsis represents a severe condition characterized by organ dysfunction resulting from a dysregulated host response to infection. Among the organs affected, the kidneys are particularly vulnerable, with significant functional impairment that markedly elevates mortality rates. Previous researches have highlighted that both inflammatory response dysregulation and metabolic reprogramming are crucial in the onset and progression of sepsis associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI), making these processes potential targets for innovative therapies.

Xuebijing injection protects sepsis induced myocardial injury by mediating TLR4/NF-κB/IKKα and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways.

Objective: Compelling evidence has demonstrated that Xuebijing (XBJ) exerted protective effects against SIMI. The aims of this study were to investigate whether TLR4/IKKα-mediated NF-κB and JAK2/STAT3 pathways were involved in XBJ's cardio-protection during sepsis and the mechanisms.

Methods: In this study, rats were randomly assigned to three groups: Sham group; CLP group; XBJ group.

Different Imaging Modalities for the Diagnosis of Axillary Lymph Node Metastases in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Test Accuracy.

Background: Accurate diagnosis of axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) of breast cancer patients is important to guide local and systemic treatment.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of different imaging modalities for ALNM in patients with breast cancer.

Study Type: Systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA).

Synchronous double primary hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A case report and review of the literature.

Rationale: Presence of synchronous double hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) (sdpHCC-ICC) located separately within a single liver is extremely rare. The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical, imaging, pathological characteristics, and prognosis of patients with sdpHCC-ICC, in order to enhance our understanding of the disease and improve diagnostic and therapeutic effect.

Patient Concerns: A 49-year-old, female with the diagnosis of hepatitis B virus with obvious liver cirrhosis, was admitted to our hospital.

The diagnostic performance of diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating the pathological response of breast cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A meta-analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the diagnostic performance of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in predicting the pathological response of breast cancer to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).

Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science systematically to identify relevant studies from inception to December 2020. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies.

The value of the signal intensity of peritumoral tissue on Gd-EOB-DTPA dynamic enhanced MRI in assessment of microvascular invasion and pathological grade of hepatocellular carcinoma.

The aim of the study was to assess the potential role of preoperative gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) dynamic enhanced MR imaging for diagnosing microvascular invasion (MVI) and pathological grade of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).A total of 113 consecutive HCC patients confirmed by histopathology underwent preoperative Gd-EOB-DTPA dynamic enhanced MRI were included. Signal intensity (SI) of peritumoral, normal liver tissue and tumor parenchyma during arterial phase and hepatobiliary phase (HBP) were analyzed.

Chest CT findings in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a comprehensive review.

The objective of this review was to summarize the most pertinent CT imaging findings in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A literature search retrieved eligible studies in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science up to June 1, 2020. A comprehensive review of publications of the Chinese Medical Association about COVID-19 was also performed.

The recovery of KaiA's activity depends on its N-terminal domain and KaiB in the cyanobacterial circadian clock.

Circadian rhythms are the endogenous oscillation of biological reactions and behaviors in most organisms on Earth. Circadian clocks are the pacemakers regulating circadian rhythms, and the transcription-translation dependent feedback loop (TTFL) model was supposed to be the sole model of circadian clocks. However, recent years have witnessed rapid progresses in the study of non-TTFL circadian clocks.

Polyamines Disrupt the KaiABC Oscillator by Inducing Protein Denaturation.

Polyamines are positively charged small molecules ubiquitously existing in all living organisms, and they are considered as one kind of the most ancient cellular components. The most common polyamines are spermidine, spermine, and their precursor putrescine generated from ornithine. Polyamines play critical roles in cells by stabilizing chromatin structure, regulating DNA replication, modulating gene expression, etc.

Whole-lesion histogram analysis metrics of the apparent diffusion coefficient: a correlation study with histological grade of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: The study evaluated the relationship between the histological grade of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the histogram-derived parameters of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) obtained from the whole-lesion assessment of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the liver.

Methods: A total of 51 patients were included. The parameters were correlated with the Edmondson-Steiner grades by using the Spearman correlation coefficient (ρ).

[Progress in the molecular mechanism of KaiA regulating cyanobacterial circadian clock].

The cyanobacterial circadian clock has three relatively independent parts: the input path, the core oscillator, and the output path. The core oscillator is composed of three clock proteins: KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC. The interactions among these three proteins generate a rhythmic signal and convey the input signals to the output signals to maintain the accuracy and stability of the oscillation of downstream signals.

The influence of KaiA mutations on its function in the KaiABC circadian clock system.

The core oscillator of the circadian clock of cyanobacteria consists of three proteins, KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC. The KaiABC oscillator can be re-constituted in vitro with the purified proteins in buffer containing ATP and Mg. The interaction between KaiA and KaiC has not been well studied.

The reversible function switching of the circadian clock protein KaiA is encoded in its structure.

Background: Circadian rhythms are important to the evolution of organisms and human health, and recent studies proved that post-translational circadian clocks widely exist in all phyla. The circadian clock of cyanobacteria is an important model system as the first verified circadian oscillator independent of transcriptional-/translational-level regulations. This circadian oscillator consists of three proteins, KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC, in which KaiA stimulates KaiC's phosphorylation but KaiB antagonizes KaiA.

The Application of Iodine Quantitative Information Obtained by Dual-Source Dual-Energy Computed Tomography on Chemoradiotherapy Effect Monitoring for Cervical Cancer: A Preliminary Study.

Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the potential contribution of the iodine quantitative parameters of dual-phase dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) scanning for chemoradiotherapy (CRT) response monitoring for cervical cancer.

Methods: Patients who were pathologically certified having cervical cancer and intended for concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy were prospectively included in our study. Contrast-enhanced DECT scanning was performed before CRT, which was repeated after 1 month of therapy, using a dual-source CT scanner onset.

Comparison of PET with PET/CT in detecting peritoneal carcinomatosis: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: The study aims to perform a meta-analysis to compare the diagnostic value of FDG PET with PET/CT in detecting peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) to identify the potentially most useful diagnostic modality.

Methods: A computer-aided search was performed in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the China Biological Medicine Database, VIP, China National Knowledge Infrastructure database, and Wanfang databases for articles concerning diagnosis of peritoneal metastases with PET or PET/CT. QUADAS was used to evaluate the included articles' quality.

Chemical composition and synergistic antioxidant activities of essential oils from Atractylodes macrocephala and Astragalus membranaceus.

Chemical composition of the essential oils derived from Atractylodes macrocephala (AMA), Astragalus membranaceus (AME) and AMA-AME herb pair was investigated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Antioxidant activities were evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picyrlhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assays. Forty-five, ten and forty-three components were identified in AMA, AME and AMA-AME essential oils, respectively.

Synergistic antioxidant activities of eight traditional Chinese herb pairs.

Many Chinese therapeutic herbs that are traditionally used in combination demonstrate significantly better pharmacological effects when used in the combination than when used alone. However, the pharmacological mechanism for this synergism is still not well understood. In the present study, the antioxidant activities of six herbs ((Paeonia lactiflora (PL), Atractylodes macrocephala (AMA), Angelica sinensis (AS), Astragalus membranaceus (AME), Glycyrrhiza uralensis (GU) and Rheum officinale (RO)), which were historically combined into eight traditional Chinese herb pairs (TCHPs) (AME-AS, AME-AMA, AME-RO, AME-GU, AME-PL, PL-AS, PL-AMA and PL-GU), were investigated in vitro by assessing the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazine (DPPH)-radical scavenging abilities of the herbs.