Noncanonical UPR factor CREB3L2 drives immune evasion of triple-negative breast cancer through Hedgehog pathway modulation in T cells.

The unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway is crucial for tumorigenesis, mainly by regulating cancer cell stress responses and survival. However, whether UPR factors facilitate cell-cell communication between cancer cells and immune cells to drive cancer progression remains unclear. We found that adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate response element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 (CREB3L2), a noncanonical UPR factor, is overexpressed and activated in triple-negative breast cancer, where its cleavage releases a C-terminal fragment that activates the Hedgehog pathway in neighboring CD8+ T cells.

Enhanced biomass production and harvesting efficiency of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii under high-ammonium conditions by powdered oyster shell.

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii prefers ammonium (NH) as a nitrogen source, but its late-stage growth under high-NH concentrations (0.5 ∼ 1 g/L) is retarded due to medium acidification. In this study, oyster shell powders were shown to increase the tolerance of C.

Medicarpin suppresses lung cancer cell growth and by inducing cell apoptosis.

Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Surgery, chemoradiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy are considered dominant treatment strategies for LC in the clinic. However, drug resistance and meta-stasis are two major challenges in cancer therapies.

A negative feedback loop between KLF9 and the EMT program dictates metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Metastasis is the primary cause of death of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), while the mechanism underlying this severe disease remains largely unclear. The Kruppel-like factor (KLF) family is one of the largest transcription factor families that control multiple physiologic and pathologic processes by governing the cellular transcriptome. To identify metastatic regulators of HCC, we conducted gene expression profiling on the MHCC97 cell series, a set of subclones of the original MHCC97 that was established by in vivo metastasis selection therefore harbouring differential metastatic capacities.

Medicarpin induces G1 arrest and mitochondria-mediated intrinsic apoptotic pathway in bladder cancer cells.

Bladder cancer (BC) is the tenth most commonly diagnosed cancer. High recurrence, chemoresistance, and low response rate hinder the effective treatment of BC. Hence, a novel therapeutic strategy in the clinical management of BC is urgently needed.

Functionalization of curcumin nanomedicines: a recent promising adaptation to maximize pharmacokinetic profile, specific cell internalization and anticancer efficacy against breast cancer.

Owing to its diverse heterogeneity, aggressive nature, enormous metastatic potential, and high remission rate, the breast cancer (BC) is among the most prevalent types of cancer associated with high mortality. Curcumin (Cur) is a potent phytoconstituent that has gained remarkable recognition due to exceptional biomedical viability against a wide range of ailments including the BC. Despite exhibiting a strong anticancer potential, the clinical translation of Cur is restricted due to intrinsic physicochemical properties such as low aqueous solubility, chemical instability, low bioavailability, and short plasma half-life.

The Biological Characteristics of Eutopic and Ectopic Endometrial Progenitor Cells in Endometriosis.

Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the biological characteristics and potential roles of endometrial progenitor cells in the pathogenesis of endometriosis.

Background: It is generally believed that progenitor cells in human endometrium are responsible for rapid endometrial regeneration. However, the biological characteristics and potential roles of the paired eutopic and ectopic endometrial progenitor cells in endometriosis remain unclear.

Association of KMT2C/D loss-of-function variants with response to immune checkpoint blockades in colorectal cancer.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become important treatment strategies, yet responses vary among patients and predictive biomarkers are urgently needed. Mutations in KMT2C and KMT2D lead to increased levels of genomic instability. Therefore, we aimed to examine whether KMT2C/D mutations might be a predictor of immunotherapeutic efficacy.

Glabridin inhibits urothelial bladder carcinoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo by inducing cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.

Glabridin (GLA) has a variety of biological activities and therapeutic effects in cancers. Whereas the effect of GLA on urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC) cells and its underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The study revealed the effect of GLA on UBC and the potential mechanism of inducing cell apoptosis in vivo and in vitro.

Construction of a miRNA Signature Using Support Vector Machine to Identify Microsatellite Instability Status and Prognosis in Gastric Cancer.

Background: The specific role and prognostic value of DNA repair and replication-associated miRNAs in gastric cancer (GC) have not been clearly elucidated. Therefore, comprehensive analysis of miRNAs in GC is crucial for proposing therapeutic strategies and survival prediction.

Methods: Firstly, clinical information and transcriptome data of TCGA-GC were downloaded from the database.

Perfect pair, scopes unite - laparoscopic-assisted transumbilical gastroscopy for gallbladder-preserving polypectomy: A case report.

Background: Gallbladder polyps are one indication for cholecystectomy, but this procedure carries some disadvantages, including the potential for severe injury and high risk of post-operative complications. Laparoscopy combined with endoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive treatment option. We herein report a young patient with a gallbladder polyp who was successfully discharged from the hospital after laparoscopic-assisted endoscopy.

Clinical values and potential pathways of miR-183-5p in gastric cancer: a study based on integrational bioinformatics analysis.

Background: The clinicopathological value and exploration of the potential molecular mechanism of microRNA-183-5p (miR-183-5p) have been investigated in various cancers. This study further explored the transcriptome profile regulated by miR-183-5p.

Methods: Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression data, miRNA expression, and clinical information of stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.

Identification of RET fusions in a Chinese multicancer retrospective analysis by next-generation sequencing.

Fusion of RET with different partner genes has been detected in papillary thyroid, lung, colorectal, pancreatic, and breast cancer. Approval of selpercatinib for treatment of lung and thyroid cancer with RET gene mutations or fusions calls for studies to explore RET fusion partners and their eligibility for RET-based targeted therapy. In this study, RET fusion patterns in a large group of Chinese cancer patients covering several cancer types were identified using next-generation sequencing.

Recent Development and Future Prospects of Molecular Targeted Therapy in Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer (PC) is a rapidly increasing ailment worldwide. The previous decade has observed a rapid advancement in PC therapies that was evident from the number of FDA approvals during this phase. Androgen deprivation therapies (ADT) have traditionally remained a mainstay for the management of PCs, but the past decade has experienced the emergence of newer classes of drugs that can be used with or without the administration of ADT.

Frontiers in Bladder Cancer Genomic Research.

Most of the etiology studies of bladder cancer focus on genetic changes, mainly including mutation and activation of oncogenes, mutation and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, and rearrangement or heterozygous deletion of chromosomes. Moreover, bladder cancer is highly heterogeneous mainly due to abnormal changes in the genome and proteome of tumor cells. Surgery is the main treatment for bladder cancer, but because the recurrence rate is high after surgery and most of the muscle-invasive bladder cancer acquires distant metastasis.

Betulin ameliorates 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced rat mammary cancer by modulating MAPK and AhR/Nrf-2 signaling pathway.

The aim of the present study is to explore the preventive efficacy of betulin (BE) in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-administered mammary cancer by modulating Ahr/Nrf2 signaling in experimental models. The mammary cancer was stimulated by the addition of DMBA (25 mg/kg/b.Wt) mixed in 1 ml of vehicle solution (sunflower oil and saline 1:1) through subcutaneous injection.

Neuroprotective potential of fisetin in an experimental model of spinal cord injury: via modulation of NF-κB/IκBα pathway.

Aim: To evaluate neuroprotective efficacy of fisetin against the experimental model of spinal cord injury (SCI).

Materials And Methods: SCI was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by placing an aneurysm clip extradurally. Rats were treated either with vehicle or fisetin for 28 days after SCI.

MicroRNA-125b as a tumor suppressor by targeting MMP11 in breast cancer.

Background: Breast cancer is a common type of tumor in women worldwide. MicroRNAs have been identified as regulators in many human cancers. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the functional role of miR-125b in regulating breast cancer progression.

miR-320/ELF3 axis inhibits the progression of breast cancer via the PI3K/AKT pathway.

There is increasing evidence demonstrating that disorders affecting microRNAs (miRs) influence tumorigenesis and progression, which results in a poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer (BC). In the present study, the precise molecular mechanism underlying the role of miR-320 in the progression of BC was investigated. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was conducted to determine mRNA expression, and western blot analysis was used to test protein levels.

Activation of Invariant Natural Killer T Cell Subsets in C57BL/6J Mice by Different Injection Modes of α-galactosylceramide.

Whether different injection modes of α-galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) affect the activation of different subsets of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells in different tissues and organs of mice is unclear. This study included healthy control, subcutaneous injection, and intraperitoneal injection groups (n=10 in each group). The subcutaneous and intraperitoneal injection groups were injected with α-Galcer (0.

EM2D9, A monoclonal antibody against integrin α5β1, has potent antitumor activity on endometrial cancer in vitro and in vivo.

Endometrial cancer, a type of primary epithelial malignant tumor in the endometrium, is one of the three most common malignant tumors of the female reproductive system. While the incidence of endometrial cancer has been recently rising, its etiology remains unclear. In this study we found that EM2D9, an independently developed monoclonal antibody, specifically recognized endometrial cancer cells; we further determined that EM2D9 target protein was α5β1.

α-Santalol functionalized chitosan nanoparticles as efficient inhibitors of polo-like kinase in triple negative breast cancer.

Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK-1) is a protein kinase that plays a significant role in the initiation, maintenance, and completion of mitotic processes in the cell cycle. PLK-1 has been recorded to be over-expressed in various human cancers and is associated with poor prediction; thus it is an attractive target for anticancer therapy. Novel α-santalol functionalized chitosan nanoparticles were synthesized using the sol gel method and were assessed for their (MTT, apoptotic staining assays, and cell cycle analysis) and activities.

MiR-942 regulates the function of breast cancer cell by targeting FOXA2.

MicroRNA (MiR)-942 regulates the development of a variety of tumors, however, its function in breast cancer (BCa) has been less reported. Therefore, the present study investigated the regulatory effects of miR-942 on BCa cells. The expression of miR-942 in whole blood samples and BCa cell lines was detected by quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR.