Direct vegetation response to recent CO rise shows limited effect on global streamflow.

Global streamflow, crucial for ecology, agriculture, and human activities, can be influenced by elevated atmospheric CO (eCO) though direct regulation of vegetation physiology and structure, which can either decrease or increase streamflow. Despite a 21.8% rise in CO over 40 years, its impact on streamflow is not obvious and remains highly debated.

Refractive Index of 48 Neat Deep Eutectic Solvents and of Selected Mixtures: Effect of Temperature, Hydrogen-Bonding Donors, Hydrogen-Bonding Acceptors, Mole Ratio, and Water.

The refractive index (RI) is an important physiochemical property of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) for application in the optical identification of specific substances or measuring the concentration of solutes in solutions. However, the available data on the RI of DESs is limited. Here, a systematic investigation on the RI of 48 typical DESs and 30 mixtures with water was conducted under atmospheric pressure.