Benchmarking four large language models' performance of addressing Chinese patients' inquiries about dry eye disease: A two-phase study.

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of four large language models (LLMs)-GPT-4, PaLM 2, Qwen, and Baichuan 2-in generating responses to inquiries from Chinese patients about dry eye disease (DED).

Design: Two-phase study, including a cross-sectional test in the first phase and a real-world clinical assessment in the second phase.

Subjects: Eight board-certified ophthalmologists and 46 patients with DED.

Herpes Simplex Keratitis as a Complication of Pterygium Surgery.

BACKGROUND Infectious keratitis after pterygium surgery is a rare but potentially devastating complication. The present study presents 5 cases of herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) after pterygium surgery. CASE REPORT This study was conducted in our clinic in a 5-year period from February 2017 to September 2021.

Long noncoding RNA ZFAS1: A novel anti-apoptotic target in Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy.

Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is the leading cause of endothelial keratoplasty without efficacious drug treatment. Recent studies have emphasized the involvement of epigenetic regulation in FECD development. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are recognized as crucial epigenetic regulators in diverse cellular processes and ocular diseases.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the complex cellular niche of pterygium.

Purpose: Pterygium is a vision-threatening conjunctival fibrovascular degenerated disease with a high global prevalence up to 12 %, while no absolute pharmacotherapy has been applied in clinics. In virtue of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technique, our study investigated underlying pathogeneses and potential therapeutic targets of pterygium from the cellular transcriptional level.

Methods: A total of 45605 cells from pterygium of patients and conjunctiva of normal controls (NC) were conducted with scRNA-seq, and then analyzed via integrated analysis, pathway enrichment, pseudotime trajectory, and cell-cell communications.

Piperlongumine alleviates corneal allograft rejection suppressing angiogenesis and inflammation.

Background: Neovascularization and inflammatory response are two essential features of corneal allograft rejection. Here, we investigated the impact of Piperlongumine (PL) on alleviating corneal allograft rejection, primarily focusing on pathological angiogenesis and inflammation.

Methods: A murine corneal allograft transplantation model was utilized to investigate the role of PL in preventing corneal allograft rejection.

Corneal biomechanical properties in vernal keratoconjunctivitis and its subtypes: a preliminary study.

Purpose: To explore the corneal biomechanical properties (CBPs) of patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and the discrepancies among three subtypes of VKC including palpebral, limbal, and mixed forms.

Methods: Forty eyes of 20 VKC patients and twenty eyes of ten non-VKC patients were included in this case-control study. Patients with VKC were further divided into three subtypes (six patients in Palpebral form, five patients in limbal form, and nine patients in mixed form).

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Makes Corneal Endothelial Cells Vulnerable to Ultraviolet A-Induced Oxidative Damage Via Decreased DJ-1/Nrf2/NQO1 Pathway.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) makes corneal endothelial cells (CECs) suffer from more severe ultraviolet A (UVA)-induced oxidative damage and explore its mechanisms via measuring the oxidant level and the antioxidant level in vitro.

Methods: Corneas of spontaneous T2DM db/db mice and non-diabetes littermate control mice were irradiated with UVA, leading to oxidative damage of CECs. Anterior segment-optical coherence tomography, corneal image, and CECs immunohistochemistry staining were taken thereafter to measure central corneal thickness, corneal edema degree, and damage extent of CECs.

Atypical stromal herpes simplex keratitis: clinical features and diagnosis.

Purpose: To report atypical clinical features and diagnosis of stromal herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) and to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of tear HSV-sIgA in atypical HSK.

Study Design: Prospective observational study.

Methods: Records of keratitis' patients with tear herpes simplex virus (HSV)-sIgA test results acquired between May 2019 and November 2021 were evaluated retrospectively.

Construction and verification of a hypoxia-related nine-gene prognostic model in uveal melanoma based on integrated single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing analyses.

Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular tumor with high metastasis and poor prognosis among adults. Hypoxia participates in the metastasis process in various types of cancers. It is reported that the increased expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha subunit (HIF1A), a hypoxia-related molecule, is associated with worse prognoses of UM patients.

Comprehensive Analysis of circRNA-Associated-ceRNA Networks in Human Corneal Endothelial Dysfunction.

Purpose: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of endogenous noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression through the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism. CircRNA-associated-ceRNA networks are closely related to oxidative stress-related diseases. Oxidative stress-induced dysfunction of the corneal endothelium (CE) is a major pathological feature in many corneal diseases.

RNA-seq identifies long non-coding RNAs as potential therapeutic targets for human corneal endothelial dysfunction under oxidative stress.

Human corneal endothelial cells (CECs) have limited ability to regenerate in vivo. Oxidative stress has been proposed as one potential reason. Understanding the mechanism of oxidative stress-induced CEC dysfunction might provide novel targets for improving CEC regenerative capacity, and help develop non-surgical therapeutic strategies for CEC dysfunction.

The evaluation of diagnostic efficiency for stromal herpes simplex keratitis by the combination of tear HSV-sIgA and HSV-DNA.

Purpose: To assess the differential diagnostic values for stromal herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) by using tear HSV-sIgA, tear HSV-DNA, and the combination.

Methods: Tear samples for both eyes and the paired serum were collected from 187 stromal HSK and 56 controls. Enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) was used to analyze the tear HSV-sIgA and serum IgG/IgM/IgA.

Association between poor wound healing and the formation of Salzmann nodules.

Unlabelled: We report the case of a 65-year-old woman who presented with a gray-white nodular lesion located at the site of a clear corneal incision in her left eye. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography showed prominent endothelial gaping even 5 years after cataract surgery. Based on the features of clinical and histological examinations, Salzmann nodular degeneration was diagnosed.