In order to serve better VR experiences to users, existing predictive methods of Redirected Walking (RDW) exploit future information to reduce the number of reset occurrences. However, such methods often impose a precondition during deployment, either in the virtual environment's layout or the user's walking direction, which constrains its universal applications. To tackle this challenge, we propose a mechanism F-RDW that is twofold: (1) forecasts the future information of a user in the virtual space without any assumptions by using the conventional method, and (2) fuse this information while maneuvering existing RDW methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph
November 2023
The growing interest in the self-similarity effect of avatars in virtual reality (VR) has spurred the creation of realistic avatars that closely mirror their users. However, despite extensive research on the self-similarity effect in single-user VR environments, our understanding of its impact in social VR settings remains underdeveloped. This shortfall exists despite the unique socio-psychological phenomena arising from the illusion of embodiment that could potentially alter these effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis review explores liposomes, focusing on their structure, components, the characteristics influencing their stability and applicability in foods, and preparation methods. The role of phospholipids and liposome modulators in preparing liposomes of desired structure and size is emphasized. The potential of liposomes to enhance food value through liposomal encapsulation and delivery of functional substances is reviewed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the collagen type I/III ratio and scarring in patients who underwent immediate reconstruction with the round block technique (RBT) after breast conservation surgery. Seventy-eight patients were included, and demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded. The collagen type I/III ratio was measured using immunofluorescence staining and digital imaging, and scarring was assessed using the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClimate change has worsened droughts and floods, and created conditions more likely to lead to pathogen contamination of surface water and groundwater. Thus, there is a growing need to disinfect livestock water. Ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is widely accepted as an appropriate method for disinfecting livestock water, as it does not produce hazardous chemical compounds and kills pathogens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecently, as an alternative solution for overcoming the scaling-down limitations of logic devices with design length of less than 3 nm and enhancing DRAM operation performance, 3D heterogeneous packaging technology has been intensively researched, essentially requiring Si wafer polishing at a very high Si polishing rate (500 nm/min) by accelerating the degree of the hydrolysis reaction (i.e., Si-O-H) on the polished Si wafer surface during CMP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF: Infections and capsular contractures remain unresolved issues in implant-based breast reconstruction. Capsular contractures are thought to be caused by the endogenous flora of the nipple duct. However, little is known about the antibiotic susceptibility of the microorganisms involved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVarious implant wrapping methods with acellular dermal matrix (ADM) have been introduced, but most focus on random trimming and suturing aimed to maximize implant coverage. Here we present our clinical experience using a "tear-drop appearance" wrapping method to achieve natural contours through upper pole volume replacement. We retrospectively reviewed the data of 56 consecutive cases of prepectoral prosthetic-based breast reconstruction (PPBR) using this wrapping method following nipple-sparing mastectomy between March 2020 and June 2021.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this work, we proposed a new damage model for estimating radiation-induced direct damage to biomolecular systems and validated its the effectiveness for pBR322 plasmids. The proposed model estimates radiation-induced damage to biomolecular systems by: (1) simulation geometry modeling using the coarse-grained (CG) technique to replace the minimum repeating units of a molecule with a single bead, (2) approximation of the threshold energy for radiation damage through CG potential calculation, (3) calculation of cumulative absorption energy for each radiation event in microscopic regions of CG models using the Monte Carlo track structure (MCTS) code, and (4) estimation of direct radiation damage to biomolecular systems by comparing CG potentials and absorption energy. The proposed model replicated measured data with an average error of approximately 14.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe round block technique (RBT) is an oncoplastic surgery method that uses volume displacement techniques after partial mastectomy. However, cosmetic problems occur after tissue rearrangement in patients with small breasts or those in whom a large amount of breast tissue is excised. Therefore, we used an acellular dermal matrix (ADM) when the volume was insufficient after tissue rearrangement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroscopic image-based analysis has been intensively performed for pathological studies and diagnosis of diseases. However, mis-authentication of cell lines due to misjudgments by pathologists has been recognized as a serious problem. To address this problem, we propose a deep-learning-based approach for the automatic taxonomy of cancer cell types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo scale down semiconductor devices to a size less than the design rule of 10 nm, lithography using a carbon polymer hard-mask was applied, e.g., spin-on-carbon (SOC) film.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDespite great achievements in classifying mammographic breast-mass images via deep-learning (DL), obtaining large amounts of training data and ensuring generalizations across different datasets with robust and well-optimized algorithms remain a challenge. ImageNet-based transfer learning (TL) and patch classifiers have been utilized to address these challenges. However, researchers have been unable to achieve the desired performance for DL to be used as a standalone tool.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, the chemical decomposition of a polyimide-film (i.e., a PI-film)-surface into a soft-film-surface containing negatively charged pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and neutral 4,4'-oxydianiline (ODA) was successfully performed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnostics (Basel)
January 2022
Breast cancer diagnosis is one of the many areas that has taken advantage of artificial intelligence to achieve better performance, despite the fact that the availability of a large medical image dataset remains a challenge. Transfer learning (TL) is a phenomenon that enables deep learning algorithms to overcome the issue of shortage of training data in constructing an efficient model by transferring knowledge from a given source task to a target task. However, in most cases, ImageNet (natural images) pre-trained models that do not include medical images, are utilized for transfer learning to medical images.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe scission rates of polystyrene and fluorinated polystyrene irradiated in an irradiation facility with Co-60 γ-rays were determined using molecular dynamics simulation and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) molecular weight distributions. The prediction was based on the assumption that γ-ray energy is transferred to the initial velocity of the primary knock-on atom. We employed a molecular dynamics simulation procedure to compute the changes in bond length between the connections for selected values of the absorbed dose and compared the calculated values with measurements made on the irradiated samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFor scaling-down advanced nanoscale semiconductor devices, tungsten (W)-film surface chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) has rapidly evolved to increase the W-film surface polishing rate via Fenton-reaction acceleration and enhance nanoscale-abrasive (i.e., ZrO) dispersant stability in the CMP slurry by adding a scavenger to suppress the Fenton reaction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, biodegradable poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) and poly(L-co-d,l lactide) (PLDLA) were evaluated using Geant4 (G4EmStandardPhysics_option4) for damage simulation, in order to predict the safety of these biodegradable polymers against gamma ray sterilization. In the PLCL damage model, both chain scission and crosslinking reactions appear to occur at a radiation dose in the range 0-200 kGy, but the chain cleavage reaction is expected to be relatively dominant at high irradiation doses above 500 kGy. On the other hand, the PLDLA damage model predicted that the chain cleavage reaction would prevail at the total irradiation dose (25-500 kGy).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFace-centered-cubic crystallized super-fine (~ 2 nm in size) wet-ceria-abrasives are synthesized using a novel wet precipitation process that comprises a Ce precursor, CHN catalyst, and NaOH titrant for a synthesized termination process at temperature of at temperature of 25 °C. This process overcomes the limitations of chemical-mechanical-planarization (CMP)-induced scratches from conventional dry ceria abrasives with irregular surfaces or wet ceria abrasives with crystalline facets in nanoscale semiconductor devices. The chemical composition of super-fine wet ceria abrasives depends on the synthesis termination pH, that is, Ce(OH) abrasives at a pH of 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTwo-photon endoscopy based on a gradient-index lens has been widely utilized for studying cellular behaviors in deep-lying tissues with minimal invasiveness in vivo. Although the efficient collection of emitted light is critical to attain high-contrast spatiotemporal information, the intrinsic low numerical aperture of the endoscopic probe poses a physical limitation. We report a simple solution to overcome this limit by incorporating a reflective waveguide ensheathing the endoscopic probe, which improves the collection efficiency by approximately two-fold.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: "Decocting later" is important procedure for the extraction of herbal medicines containing volatile compounds.
Objective: This study was performed to investigate optimal conditions for "Decocting later" of Menthae herba in Eungyo-san (EGS) and correlation between extraction variables and the yields of d/l-menthol, a marker compound of Menthae herba.
Materials And Methods: The decocting temperature, total decocting time, and decocting later time were chosen as individual variables, and the yield of d/l-menthol was set as the response value which were calculated by using a Box-Behnken design (BBD).
Recent progress in quantum dot (QD) sensitized solar cells has demonstrated the possibility of low-cost and efficient photovoltaics. However, the standard device structure based on n-type materials often suffers from slow hole injection rate, which may lead to unbalanced charge transport. We have fabricated efficient p-type (inverted) QD sensitized cells, which combine the advantages of conventional QD cells with p-type dye sensitized configurations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDuring decoction process, the ingredients of herbal formula interact with each other, such that therapeutic properties and chemical extraction characteristics are altered. The crude drugs, Cinnamomum cassia (CC), Paeonia lactiflora (PL), and Glycyrrhiza uralensis (GU), are the main herbal constituents of Gyeji-tang, a traditional herbal formula. To evaluate the chemical interaction between CC, PL, and GU during the course of decoction, quantification of 16 marker compounds in the herbal decoction, performed using a Box-Behnken experimental design, was carried out by HPLC-diode array detection using validated method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA microwave-assisted method for the preparation of a wide color range of 2,3,3-trimethylindolenine-based squaraines and their intermediates is described. This practical approach allows the rapid preparation of both symmetrical and nonsymmetrical squaraine dyes, reducing reaction time from days to minutes with more than 2-fold improvement in product yields when compared to conventional methods.
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