Optimal Teicoplanin Dosage Regimens in Critically Ill Patients: Population Pharmacokinetics and Dosing Simulations Based on Renal Function and Infection Type.

Purpose: To develop a population pharmacokinetic model describing teicoplanin concentrations in patients hospitalized in intensive care unit (ICU) and to perform Monte Carlo simulations to provide detailed dosing regimens of teicoplanin.

Methods: This single-center, prospective, observational study was conducted on 151 patients in ICU with 347 plasma samples. The population pharmacokinetics model was established and various covariates were evaluated.

Population Pharmacokinetics of Caspofungin and Dose Simulations in Heart Transplant Recipients.

The effect of heart transplantation (HTx) on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of caspofungin is not well-characterized. The aim of this study was to investigate the population PK of caspofungin in HTx and non-HTx patients and to identify covariates that may affect the PK of caspofungin. Seven successive blood samples were collected before administration and at 1, 2, 6, 10, 16, and 24 h after the administration of caspofungin for at least 3 days.

Mass Spectrometric Behavior and Molecular Mechanisms of Fermented Deoxyanthocyanidins to Alleviate Ulcerative Colitis Based on Network Pharmacology.

Aims: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a type of chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease with a multifactorial pathogenesis and limited treatment options. The aim of the present study is to investigate the hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) behaviors of fermented deoxyanthocyanidins and their molecular mechanisms to alleviate UC by using quantum chemistry and network pharmacology.

Methods: Tandem MS indicated at least two fragmentation pathways through which deuterated vinylphenol-deoxyanthocyanidins could generate different product ions.

Population Pharmacokinetics Analysis and Dosing Simulations Of Meropenem in Critically Ill Patients with Pulmonary Infection.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model for meropenem to optimize dosing regimens for critically ill patients with pulmonary infection.

Patients And Methods: This prospective PPK study of meropenem was conducted on a pooled dataset of 236 blood samples obtained from 48 patients with pulmonary infection in the intensive care unit. Meropenem plasma concentrations were measured by a validated high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method, and the data were analyzed using NONMEM.

Estimation of Mycophenolic Acid Exposure in Heart Transplant Recipients by Population Pharmacokinetic and Limited Sampling Strategies.

The aim of this study is i) to establish a strategy to estimate the area under the curve of the dosing interval (AUC) of mycophenolic acid (MPA) in the heart transplant recipients and ii) to find the covariates that significantly affect the pharmacokinetics of MPA exposure. This single-center, prospective, open-label, observational study was conducted in 91 adult heart transplant recipients orally taking mycophenolate mofetil dispersible tablets. Samples collected intensively and sparsely were analyzed by the enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique, and all the data were used in PPK modeling.

Pharmacokinetics of Linezolid Dose Adjustment for Creatinine Clearance in Critically Ill Patients: A Multicenter, Prospective, Open-Label, Observational Study.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to use a population pharmacokinetic (PK) approach to evaluate the optimal dosing strategy for linezolid (LNZ) in critically ill patients.

Methods: This multicenter, prospective, open-label, observational study was conducted in 152 patients, and 117 of them were included in the PK model, whereas the rest were in the validation group. The percentage of therapeutic target attainment (PTTA) comprising two pharmacodynamic indices and one toxicity index was used to evaluate dosing regimens based on Monte Carlo simulations stratified by low, normal, and high renal clearance for MICs of 0.

Establishment and Validation of a Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for the Determination of Tigecycline in Critically Ill Patients.

Utilizing tigecycline-d9 as an internal standard (IS), we establish and validate a simple, effective, and rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the quantitative measurement of tigecycline (TGC) in patient plasma. Acetonitrile was used as a precipitant to process plasma samples by a protein precipitation method. The analyte and IS were separated on an HSS T3 (2.