Association Between Biologics and Janus Kinase Inhibitors With Inflammatory Bowel Disease as Paradoxical Reactions: A Real-World Assessment.

Background And Objective: With limited evidence connecting paradoxical inflammatory bowel disease (paradoxical IBD) to the newest biologics and Janus kinase inhibitors, our study aims to investigate the occurrence of paradoxical IBD induced by these agents in treating other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs). We aim to identify associated risk signals, the primary affected population, and the risk profile changes over time.

Methods: We performed disproportionality analysis to evaluate paradoxical IBD risk signals using data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System.

Colorectal cancer screening using a multi-locus blood-based assay targeting circulating tumor DNA methylation: a cross-sectional study in an average-risk population.

Background: Effective screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) enables earlier diagnosis and intervention to improve patient survival.

Methods: In this study, we prospectively conducted a blood-based CRC screening program for community residents in Hanjiang District, Yangzhou City, and evaluated the screening efficacy of a blood-based multi-locus DNA methylation assay (ColonAiQ). The ColonAiQ-positive rate and colonoscopy participation rate of the population, detection rate of intestinal lesions, and positive predictive value (PPV) of CRC and advanced adenoma (AA) were calculated, and the associated factors were explored.

The gut microbiome modulate response to immunotherapy in cancer.

Gut microbiota have been reported to play an important role in the occurrence and development of malignant tumors. Currently, clinical studies have identified specific gut microbiota and its metabolites associated with efficacy of immunotherapy in multiple types of cancers. Preclinical investigations have elucidated that gut microbiota modulate the antitumor immunity and affect the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.

The effects of air and transportation noise pollution-related altered blood gene expression, DNA methylation, and protein abundance levels on gastrointestinal diseases risk.

Introduction: Air pollution and transportation noise pollution has been linked to gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, but their relationship remains unclear.

Methods: We extracted the significantly modulated genes and CpG sites related to air pollution (PM2.5, PM10, and NOx) and transportation noise pollution (aircraft, railway, and traffic road noise) from previous published studies.

The road to a world-unified approach to the management of patients with gastric intestinal metaplasia: a review of current guidelines.

Objective: During the last decade, the management of gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) has been addressed by several distinct international evidence-based guidelines. In this review, we aimed to synthesise these guidelines and provide clinicians with a global perspective of the current recommendations for managing patients with GIM, as well as highlight evidence gaps that need to be addressed with future research.

Design: We conducted a systematic review of the literature for guidelines and consensus statements published between January 2010 and February 2023 that address the diagnosis and management of GIM.

BCAA-producing Clostridium symbiosum promotes colorectal tumorigenesis through the modulation of host cholesterol metabolism.

Identification of potential bacterial players in colorectal tumorigenesis has been a focus of intense research. Herein, we find that Clostridium symbiosum (C. symbiosum) is selectively enriched in tumor tissues of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and associated with higher colorectal adenoma recurrence after endoscopic polypectomy.

induces chemoresistance in colorectal cancer by inhibiting pyroptosis via the Hippo pathway.

Chemotherapy resistance is one of the main reasons for the poor prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Moreover, dysbiosis of gut bacteria was found to be a specific environmental risk factor. In this study, enrichment of was elucidated to be significantly associated with CRC recurrence after chemotherapy.

A specific enterotype derived from gut microbiome of older individuals enables favorable responses to immune checkpoint blockade therapy.

Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, but inconsistent responses persist. Our study delves into the intriguing phenomenon of enhanced immunotherapy sensitivity in older individuals with cancers. Through a meta-analysis encompassing 25 small-to-mid-sized trials of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), we demonstrate that older individuals exhibit heightened responsiveness to ICB therapy.

Effectiveness and safety of Moluodan in the treatment of precancerous lesions of gastric cancer: A randomized clinical trial.

Objective: To investigate the clinical potential and safety of Moluodan to reverse gastric precancerous lesions.

Methods: Patients aged 18-70 years diagnosed with moderate-to-severe atrophy and/or moderate-to-severe intestinal metaplasia, with or without low-grade dysplasia, and negative for Helicobacter pylori were recruited in this randomized, double-blind, parallel-controlled trial. The primary outcome was the improvement of global histological diagnosis at 1-year follow-up endoscopy using the operative link for gastritis assessment, the operative link for gastric intestinal metaplasia assessment, and the disappearance rate of dysplasia.

A toolbox for genetic manipulation in intestinal .

Gut microbes are closely related with human health, but remain much to learn. is a conditionally pathogenic human gut bacterium and regarded as a potential biomarker for early diagnosis of intestinal tumors. However, the absence of an efficient toolbox that allows diverse genetic manipulations of this bacterium limits its in-depth studies.

Metabolic syndrome, its components, and gastrointestinal cancer risk: a meta-analysis of 31 prospective cohorts and Mendelian randomization study.

Background And Aim: Cohort studies have linked metabolic syndrome (MetS) to gastrointestinal (GI) cancer risk. We aimed to evaluate the associations between MetS, its components, and combinations of MetS components with eight GI cancers risk.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search of prospective cohort studies and performed a meta-analysis.

The effects of pks Escherichia coli and bile acid in colorectal tumorigenesis among people with cholelithiasis or cholecystectomy.

Background And Aim: Patients with cholelithiasis (CL) or cholecystectomy (CE) would have more chances of getting colorectal adenoma (CRA) or cancer (CRC). We aimed to figure out the effects of gut microbiota and bile acid on colorectal neoplasm in CL and CE patients.

Methods: This was a retrospective observational study that recruited 514 volunteers, including 199 people with normal gallbladders (normal), 152 CL, and 163 CE patients.

CHEK2 deficiency increase the response to PD-1 inhibitors by affecting the tumor immune microenvironment.

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has improved treatment effects in multiple cancers. Gene mutations in the DNA damage repair pathway (DDR) may cause genomic instability and may relate to the efficacy of ICB. Checkpoint kinase 2 (CHEK2) and polymerase epsilon (POLE) are important genes in the DDR.

STAT3 palmitoylation initiates a positive feedback loop that promotes the malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in mice.

Constitutive activation of the transcription factor STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) contributes to the malignancy of many cancers such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is associated with poor prognosis. STAT3 activity is increased by the reversible palmitoylation of Cys by the palmitoyltransferase DHHC7 (encoded by ). Here, we investigated the consequences of S-palmitoylation of STAT3 in HCC.

Identification of FtfL as a novel target of berberine in intestinal bacteria.

Background: Berberine (BBR) is a commonly used anti-intestinal inflammation drug, and its anti-cancer activity has been found recently. BBR can intervene and control malignant colorectal cancer (CRC) through intestinal microbes, but the direct molecular target and related mechanism are unclear. This study aimed to identify the target of BBR and dissect related mechanisms against the occurrence and development of CRC from the perspective of intestinal microorganisms.

Discovery of New Inhibitors to Attenuate Migratory Capability of Colon Cancer Cells by the Drug Repositioning Strategy.

Recent studies revealed that intestinal microbiota played important roles in colorectal cancer (CRC) carcinogenesis. Particularly, was confirmed to promote the proliferation and metastasis of CRC. Therefore, targeting may be a potential preventive and therapeutic approach for CRC.

Multi-kingdom gut microbiota analyses define bacterial-fungal interplay and microbial markers of pan-cancer immunotherapy across cohorts.

The effect of gut bacteria on the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been studied, but the relationship between fungi and ICI responses is not fully understood. Herein, 862 fecal metagenomes from 9 different cohorts were integrated for the identification of differentially abundant fungi and subsequent construction of random forest (RF) models to predict ICI responses. Fungal markers demonstrate excellent performance, with an average area under the curve (AUC) of 0.

Microbiome and metabolome features in inflammatory bowel disease via multi-omics integration analyses across cohorts.

The perturbations of the gut microbiota and metabolites are closely associated with the progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, inconsistent findings across studies impede a comprehensive understanding of their roles in IBD and their potential as reliable diagnostic biomarkers. To address this challenge, here we comprehensively analyze 9 metagenomic and 4 metabolomics cohorts of IBD from different populations.

Deficiency of BCAT2-mediated branched-chain amino acid catabolism promotes colorectal cancer development.

Objective: Branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism is involved in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, this study investigates the role of BCAA metabolism in CRC progression.

Methods: Dietary BCAA was administered to both azoxymethane-induced and azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate-induced CRC mouse models.

Disruption of CerS6-mediated sphingolipid metabolism by FTO deficiency aggravates ulcerative colitis.

Background And Aims: Deregulation of RNA N6-methyladenosine (mA) modification in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) influences intestinal immune cells and leads to intestinal inflammation. We studied the function of fat mass-and obesity-associated protein (FTO), one of the mA demethylases, in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: We analysed colon tissues of Fto; Villin-cre mice and their Fto littermates with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) using real-time PCR and 16s rRNA sequencing.