Molecular determinants of resurgent sodium currents mediated by Navβ4 peptide and A-type FHFs.

Introduction: Resurgent current ( ) generated by voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) plays an essential role in maintaining high-frequency firing of many neurons and contributes to disease pathophysiology such as epilepsy and painful disorders. Targeting may present a highly promising strategy in the treatment of these diseases. Navβ4 and A-type fibroblast growth factor homologous factors (FHFs) have been identified as two classes of important mediators; however, their receptor sites in VGSCs remain unknown, which hinders the development of novel agents to effectively target .

Effects of lung protection ventilation strategies on postoperative pulmonary complications after noncardiac surgery: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The purpose of this network meta-analysis was to assess the impact of different protective ventilatory strategies on postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs).

Methods: Several databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that were published before October 2023 in a network meta-analysis. We assessed the effect of different lung-protective ventilation strategies on the incidence of PPCs using Bayesian network meta-analysis.

The role of metal ions in stroke: Current evidence and future perspectives.

Metal ions play a pivotal role in maintaining optimal brain function within the human body. Nevertheless, the accumulation of these ions can result in irregularities that lead to brain damage and dysfunction. Disruptions of metal ion homeostasis can result in various pathologies, including inflammation, redox dysregulation, and blood-brain barrier disruption.

Machine learning-powered wearable interface for distinguishable and predictable sweat sensing.

The constrained resources on wearable devices pose a challenge in meeting the demands for comprehensive sensing information, and current wearable non-enzymatic sensors face difficulties in achieving specific detection in biofluids. To address this issue, we have developed a highly selective non-enzymatic sweat sensor that seamlessly integrates with machine learning, ensuring reliable sensing and physiological monitoring of sweat biomarkers during exercise. The sensor consists of two electrodes supported by a microsystem that incorporates signal processing and wireless communication.

Ultrastable Iodinated Oil-Based Pickering Emulsion Enables Locoregional Sustained Codelivery of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 Inhibitor and Anticancer Drugs for Tumor Combination Chemotherapy.

Tumor hypoxia-associated drug resistance presents a major challenge for cancer chemotherapy. However, sustained delivery systems with a high loading capability of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) inhibitors are still limited. Here, we developed an ultrastable iodinated oil-based Pickering emulsion (PE) to achieve locally sustained codelivery of a HIF-1 inhibitor of acriflavine and an anticancer drug of doxorubicin for tumor synergistic chemotherapy.

A self-supervised network for image denoising and watermark removal.

In image watermark removal, popular methods depend on given reference non-watermark images in a supervised way to remove watermarks. However, reference non-watermark images are difficult to be obtained in the real world. At the same time, they often suffer from the influence of noise when captured by digital devices.

BNST GABAergic neurons modulate wakefulness over sleep and anesthesia.

The neural circuits underlying sleep-wakefulness and general anesthesia have not been fully investigated. The GABAergic neurons in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) play a critical role in stress and fear that relied on heightened arousal. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether BNST GABAergic neurons are involved in the regulation of sleep-wakefulness and anesthesia.

Adaptation Strategies of Seedling Root Response to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Addition.

The escalation of global nitrogen deposition levels has heightened the inhibitory impact of phosphorus limitation on plant growth in subtropical forests. Plant roots area particularly sensitive tissue to nitrogen and phosphorus elements. Changes in the morphological characteristics of plant roots signify alterations in adaptive strategies.

Design and application of dual-emission metal-organic framework-based ratiometric fluorescence sensors.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are novel inorganic-organic hybridized crystals with a wide range of applications. In the last twenty years, fluorescence sensing based on MOFs has attracted much attention. MOFs can exhibit luminescence from metal nodes, ligands or introduced guests, which provides an excellent fluorescence response in sensing.

Cirrhotic hepatocellular carcinoma-based decellularized liver cancer model for local chemoembolization evaluation.

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a common treatment for unresectable intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and involves the combination of chemotherapy agents and embolic materials to target and block the blood supply to the tumor, leading to localized treatment. However, the selection of clinical chemoembolization agents remains limited, and the effectiveness of various agents is still under investigation. Meanwhile, replicating the complex vasculature and extracellular matrix (ECM) circumstances of HCC in in vitro models for evaluating embolic agents proves to be challenging.

Hypothalamic supramammillary neurons that project to the medial septum modulate wakefulness in mice.

The hypothalamic supramammillary nucleus (SuM) plays a crucial role in controlling wakefulness, but the downstream target regions participating in this control process remain unknown. Here, using circuit-specific fiber photometry and single-neuron electrophysiology together with electroencephalogram, electromyogram and behavioral recordings, we find that approximately half of SuM neurons that project to the medial septum (MS) are wake-active. Optogenetic stimulation of axonal terminals of SuM-MS projection induces a rapid and reliable transition to wakefulness from non-rapid-eye movement or rapid-eye movement sleep, and chemogenetic activation of SuM projecting neurons significantly increases wakefulness time and prolongs latency to sleep.

Hand-held Raman spectrometer-based flexible plasmonic biosensor for label-free multiplex urinalysis.

Urinalysis is an effective strategy to non-invasively evaluate human health, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) may be a powerful technique for use in detecting analytes in urine. Herein, we report a wearable diaper sensor based on a handheld Raman spectrometer for use in the simple, label-free identification of biomolecules (urea, creatinine, and bilirubin) in urine. The raspberry-shaped Au substrate formed on the surface of an Si wafer provides plasmonic enhancement of the SERS signals, with an excellent uniformity and stability.

Near Infrared-Absorbing Nanoparticle-Mediated Endovascular Photothermal Precision Embolization of Tumor Feeding Vessels for Starvation Treatment.

Photothermal therapy has attracted enormous attention as an efficient treatment modality in cancer ablation but still encounters a major bottleneck due to the limited penetration depth of light inside tissues. To overcome the challenge of deep tissue penetration, we present a strategy of endovascular photothermal precision embolization (EPPE), which employs an endovascular optical fiber to induce local embolization only in the entrance of feeding vessels through photothermal heating for the purpose of fully blocking the blood supply of the whole tumor. In EPPE, we apply a highly efficient and biocompatible photothermal agent, i.

Wearable Plasmonic Sweat Biosensor for Acetaminophen Drug Monitoring.

Monitoring the acetaminophen dosage is important to prevent the occurrence of adverse reactions such as liver failure and kidney damage. Traditional approaches to monitoring acetaminophen dosage mainly rely on invasive blood collection. Herein, we developed a noninvasive microfluidic-based wearable plasmonic sensor to achieve simultaneous sweat sampling and acetaminophen drug monitoring for vital signs.

Engineering orthotopic tumor spheroids with organ-specific vasculatures for local chemoembolization evaluation.

Developing a three-dimensional (3D) tumor model with vasculature systems suitable for testing endovascular interventional therapies remains a challenge. Here we develop an orthotopic liver tumor spheroid model that captures the organ-level complexity of vasculature systems and the extracellular matrix to evaluate transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) treatment. The orthotopic tumor spheroids are derived by seeding HepG2 cell colonies with controlled size and location surrounding the portal triads in a decellularized rat liver matrix and are treated by clinically relevant drug-eluting beads embolized in a portal vein vasculature while maintaining dynamic physiological conditions with nutrient and oxygen supplies through the hepatic vein vasculature.

Amphiphilic Self-Assembly of Nanocrystals at Emulsion Interface Renders Fast and Scalable Quasi-Nanosheet Formation.

Scalable assembly of nanocrystals (NCs) into two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets has aroused great interest, yet it remains under-explored. This is because current 2D assembly methods rely mainly on the use of solid- or liquid-air interfaces, which are inherently difficult for upscaling and thus lack practicability. Here, with a microemulsion-based amphiphilic assembly technique, we achieve a fast and scalable preparation of free-standing nanosheets comprising few-layer, tightly packed NCs, namely, quasi-nanosheets (quasi-NSs).

Transient neuroinflammation following surgery contributes to long-lasting cognitive decline in elderly rats via dysfunction of synaptic NMDA receptor.

Background: Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs) are considered the most common postoperative complication in geriatric patients. However, its pathogenesis is not fully understood. Surgery-triggered neuroinflammation is a major contributor to the development of PNDs.

Compare the Efficacy and Safety of Modified Combined Short and Long Axis Method versus Oblique Axis Method for Right Internal Jugular Vein Catheterization in Adult Patients (The MCSLOA Trial): Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Ultrasound-guided internal jugular vein (IJV) catheterization has become a standard procedure as it yields a higher success rate and fewer mechanical complications compared with an anatomical landmark technique. There are several common methods for ultrasound guidance IJV catheterization, such as short-axis out-of-plane, long-axis in-plane and oblique axis in-plane, but these technologies are still developing. It is important to further study the application of different ultrasound-guided IJV puncture techniques and find an effective and safe ultrasound-guided puncture technique.

Hydrophilic metal-organic frameworks integrated uricase for wearable detection of sweat uric acid.

The chemistry of the metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) coating may affect the biological functionality of the encapsulated biomacromolecules in harsh environment. Enzymes encapsulated in hydrophilic MAF-7 can retain high activity in harsh environment. We conducted this study to prepare a non-invasive wearable uircase@MAF-7-based electrochemical sensor that can achieve accurate and sensitive detection of UA levels in sweat by integrating a flexible microfluidic chip and wireless electronic readout device.

Clinical Significance and Prognostic Value of Lactate Dehydrogenase Expression in Cervical Cancer.

Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a marker of injury and disease as it is expressed extensively in numerous cell types and tissues. Moreover it is released during tissue breakdown, and is elevated in cancerous tissues. However, the clinical significance and prognostic value of LDH as a tumor marker have been subject to considerable discussion.

Visualization and Evaluation of Chemoembolization on a 3D Decellularized Organ Scaffold.

Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) has emerged as the mainstay treatment for patients suffering from unresectable intermediate hepatocellular carcinoma and also holds the potential to treat other types of hypervascular cancers such as renal cell carcinoma. However, an model for evaluating both embolic performance and drug-release kinetics of the TACE embolic agents is still lacking since the current models greatly simplified the vascular systems as well as the extracellular matrices (ECM) in the organs. Here, we developed a decellularized organ model with preserved ECM and vasculatures as well as a translucent appearance to investigate chemoembolization performances of a clinically widely used embolic agent, i.

Detection of the effect of polydopamine (PDA)-coated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates on the release of HO from a single HeLa cell.

Endogenous HO generated by a single HeLa cell that was adhered on the PDA-coated PDMS substrates under 25 mM glucose culture conditions was detected using a home-built photoelectric dual detection platform. With PMA as the stimulus, the cell released a small amount of HO and its mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) decrease was smaller, compared with that on the PDMS substrates.

Ultrasound Guidance and Nerve Stimulation Combined Versus Nerve Stimulation alone for Lumbar Plexus Block: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

A nerve stimulation-guided lumbar plexus block is a well-established technique. It is not clear whether ultrasound guidance has additional value for this deep block technique. This study aimed to examine whether ultrasound guidance using a paramedian transverse scan through the intertransverse space (PMTS-ITS) approach in combination with nerve stimulation reduces the onset time of a complete sensory block.