Factors affecting choroidal circulation parameters in 4-14-year-old Chinese children measured by SS-OCT/OCTA.

Purpose: To measure the choroidal circulatory parameters Han Chinese children aged 4-14 years from Southwest China, and to explore the relationships between these parameters and age, axial length (AL), and choroidal thickness (ChT).

Methods: 284 eyes from 142 subjects were included in this cross-sectional study. All participants underwent cycloplegic refraction and IOLMaster500 examination.

Wide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) in the assessment of retinal vessel density and thickness in 4-to 16-year-old myopic children.

Purpose: To analyze the characteristics of macular retinal vessel density and thickness in children with myopia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 228 children aged 4-16 years who visited the Ineye Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2022 to November 2023 were included.

Refraction and ocular biometric parameters in 3-to 6-year-old preschool children : a large-scale population-based study in Chengdu, China.

Purpose: To understand the ocular biometric parameters characteristics and refractive errors in 3-to 6-year-old preschool children in Chengdu, China, and to investigate the prevalence of refractive errors.

Method: A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Chengdu from 2020 to2022 with a total of 666 kindergartens. All children were measured by non-cycloplegic autorefraction and uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and ocular biometric parameters.

Prevalence and risk factors for astigmatism in 7 to 19-year-old students in Xinjiang, China: a cross-sectional study.

Background: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors for astigmatism in 7-19-year-old students in Xinjiang, China.

Methods: A school-based, cross-sectional study was conducted on students who underwent refraction examination in Xinjiang, China, between May and December 2019. The prevalence of astigmatism was determined.

Correlation between refractive errors and ocular biometric parameters in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Refractive errors are one of the most common ocular conditions among children and adolescents, with myopia showing an increasing prevalence and early onset in this population. Recent studies have identified a correlation between refractive errors and ocular biometric parameters.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Medline from January 1, 2012, to May 1, 2023.

Prevalence and associated risk factors of dry eye disease in Hotan, Xinjiang: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) in the Uyghur population in Hotan, Xinjiang, and to identify risk factors associated with this disorder.

Methods: Between January and September of 2020, 5,121 Uyghur subjects aged 18 - 98 years from 105 villages were selected and studied cross-sectionally using a whole-group random sampling method in the Hotan area, Xinjiang, China. The Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire was used to collect subjective symptoms of DED and examine tear-film break-up times.

Inflammatory biomarkers and cerebral small vessel disease: a community-based cohort study.

Background And Purpose: Although inflammation has been proposed to be a candidate risk factor for cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), previous findings remain largely inconclusive and vary according to disease status and study designs. The present study aimed to investigate possible associations between inflammatory biomarkers and MRI markers of CSVD.

Methods: A group of 15 serum inflammatory biomarkers representing a variety of those putatively involved in the inflammatory cascade was grouped and assessed in a cross-sectional study involving 960 stroke-free subjects.

Different Types of Circulatory Inflammatory Biomarkers Associated with Cerebral Arterial Atherosclerosis and Dolichoectasia.

Background: Although inflammation is found to be related to arteriopathy pathogenesis, it is yet to be determined the distinct correlations of specific inflammatory biomarker types contributing to different cerebral large vessel diseases. We aimed to investigate the association between multiple inflammatory biomarkers and cerebral atherosclerosis and dolichoectasia in a community-based sample.

Methods: A total of 960 participants of the Shunyi study were included.

Respiratory mucosal immunization with adenovirus gene transfer vector induces helper CD4 T cell-independent protective immunity.

Background: Virus-vectored vaccine is a powerful activator of CD8 T cell-mediated immunity and is especially amenable to respiratory mucosal immunization, offering hopes for use in humans with diminished helper CD4 T cell function. However, whether virus-mediated mucosal immunization can produce immune protective CD8 T cells without the CD4 T cell help remains to be investigated.

Methods: We used a replication-deficient adenovirus vector expressing an Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen Ag85A for intranasal vaccination and evaluated its effect on CD8 T cell activation and protection in mice depleted of CD4 T cells.

Murine airway luminal antituberculosis memory CD8 T cells by mucosal immunization are maintained via antigen-driven in situ proliferation, independent of peripheral T cell recruitment.

Rationale: The airway luminal memory CD8 T cells induced by respiratory mucosal immunization in a murine model have been found to be critical to antituberculosis immunity. However, the mechanisms of their maintenance on airway mucosal surface still remain poorly understood.

Objectives: Using a model of adenovirus-based intranasal immunization we investigated the immune property and the mechanisms of maintenance of airway luminal CD8 T cells.

Immunization with a bivalent adenovirus-vectored tuberculosis vaccine provides markedly improved protection over its monovalent counterpart against pulmonary tuberculosis.

Recombinant virus-vectored vaccines hold great promise for tuberculosis (TB) vaccination strategies. However, there is a lack of side-by-side comparative investigations to dissect the functional differences and support the advantage of multivalent virus-vectored vaccine over its monovalent counterpart. We previously successfully developed a monovalent adenovirus (Ad)-vectored vaccine expressing Ag85a (AdAg85a) and demonstrated its superior protective efficacy in models of pulmonary TB.

Airway delivery of soluble mycobacterial antigens restores protective mucosal immunity by single intramuscular plasmid DNA tuberculosis vaccination: role of proinflammatory signals in the lung.

Protection by parenteral immunization with plasmid DNA vaccines against pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is very modest. In this study, we have investigated the underlying mechanisms for the poor mucosal protective efficacy and the avenues and mechanisms to improve the efficacy of a single i.m.

Mucosally delivered dendritic cells activate T cells independently of IL-12 and endogenous APCs.

In vitro manipulated dendritic cells (DC) have increasingly been used as a promising vaccine formulation against cancer and infectious disease. However, improved understanding of the immune mechanisms is needed for the development of safe and efficacious mucosal DC immunization. We have developed a murine model of respiratory mucosal immunization by using a genetically manipulated DC vaccine.

Organ distribution of transgene expression following intranasal mucosal delivery of recombinant replication-defective adenovirus gene transfer vector.

It is believed that respiratory mucosal immunization triggers more effective immune protection than parenteral immunization against respiratory infection caused by viruses and intracellular bacteria. Such understanding has led to the successful implementation of intranasal immunization in humans with a live cold-adapted flu virus vaccine. Furthermore there has been an interest in developing effective mucosal-deliverable genetic vaccines against other infectious diseases.