Neuromolecular and behavioral effects of cannabidiol on depressive-associated behaviors and neuropathic pain conditions in mice.

Background And Aims: Neuropathic pain (NP) has a high incidence in the general population, is closely related to anxiety disorders, and has a negative impact on the quality of life. Cannabidiol (CBD), as a natural product, has been extensively studied for its potential therapeutic effects on symptoms such as pain and depression (DP). However, the mechanism of CBD in improving NP with depression is not fully understood.

Steric hindrance of -methyl in mA and its application for specific loci detection.

We found that the methyl group of -methyladenine is able to hinder the methylation of -methyladenine at the position by DMS. Based on this, we have devised a novel method for detecting -methyladenine, which was successfully applied to identify specific mA loci in 28S rRNA.

"Gear-driven"-type chirality transfer of tetraphenylethene-based supramolecular organic frameworks for peptides in water.

Chirality transfer for natural chiral biomolecules can reveal the indispensable role of chiral structures in life and can be used to develop the chirality-sensing biomolecular recognition. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of a series of achiral supramolecular organic frameworks (SOF-1, SOF-2, and SOF-3), constructed from cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) and tetraphenylethene (TPE) derivatives (1, 2, and 3), respectively, as chirality-sensing platforms to explore their chirality transfer mechanism for peptides in water. Given the right-handed () and left-handed () rotational conformation of TPE units and the selective binding of CB[8] to aromatic amino acids, these achiral SOFs can be selectively triggered in water by peptides containing N-terminal tryptophan (W) and phenylalanine (F) residues into their - or -rotational conformation, exhibiting significantly different circular dichroism (CD) spectra.

Transcriptome-wide profiling of A-to-I RNA editing by Slic-seq.

Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is a post-transcriptional processing event involved in diversifying the transcriptome and is responsible for various biological processes. In this context, we developed a new method based on the highly selective cleavage activity of Endonuclease V against Inosine and the universal activity of sodium periodate against all RNAs to enrich the inosine-containing RNA and accurately identify the editing sites. We validated the reliability of our method in human brain in both Alu and non-Alu elements.

Cooperative Membrane Damage as a Mechanism for Pentamidine-Antibiotic Mutual Sensitization.

Most Gram-positive-selective antibiotics have low activity against Gram-negative bacteria due to the presence of an outer membrane barrier. There is, therefore, interest in developing combination therapies that can penetrate the outer membrane (OM) with known antibiotics coupled with membrane-active sensitizing adjuvants. However, two unanswered questions hinder the development of such combination therapies: the sensitization spectrum of the sensitizer and the mechanism of antibiotic-sensitizer mutual potentiation.

Dynamic Epitaxial Growth of Organic Heterostructures for Polarized Exciton Conversion.

Highly spatial and angular precision in epitaxial-growth process is crucial for constructing organic low-dimensional heterostructures (OLDHs) with the desired substructures, which remains significant challenge owing to the unpredicted location of complex heterogeneous nucleation. Herein, a dynamic epitaxial-growth approach is developed along the tailored longitudinal/horizontal directions to create diverse OLDHs with hierarchical architectures. The controlled morphology evolution of seed crystals from kinetic to thermodynamic species is achieved via incrementally increasing the crystallization time from 0 to 600 s.

Formation Mechanism of Microbial Diversity in Artificial Intelligence Devices due to Intermediate Disturbance by Low-Dose UV Radiation for Complementary Medicine.

The development of artificial intelligence devices in the complementary medicine field is rapid and the surface microbial diversity pollution was found with periodic low-dose ultraviolet radiation (LDUVR). Since artificial intelligence devices do not have enough different types of substrates for microbial communities, it is unclear how the great microbial diversity can emerge and persist, as this clearly defies the competitive exclusion principle of ecology. In this study, the 5 most common genera in the artificial intelligence devices, , , , and have been sampled without and with periodic LDUVR, respectively.

Organic Charge-Transfer Cocrystals toward Large-Area Nanofiber Membrane for Photothermal Conversion and Imaging.

Organic photothermal materials integrating a high-efficiency light-heat conversion effect and high flexibility have generated immense interest in fundamental research and practical applications. Nevertheless, their practical applications still remain a challenge, owing to the complicated design, tedious synthesis, and limited programmable substrates. Herein, an organic charge-transfer cocrystal with a narrow energy gap of 0.

A model beyond protein corona: thermodynamics and binding stoichiometries of the interactions between ultrasmall gold nanoclusters and proteins.

Nanoparticles (NPs) will inevitably interact with proteins and form protein coronas once they are exposed to biological fluids. This conventional model for nano-bio interactions has been used for over twenty years. Growing numbers of new nanomaterials are emerging every year.

Hydrazine-solvothermal methods to synthesize polymeric thioarsenates from one-dimensional chains to a three-dimensional framework.

A series of polymeric Mn(ii)-thioarsenates [Mn(en)] [(NH)Mn(μ-S)(μ-NH)(μ-AsS)] (1), [NH] [{Mn(μ-NH)(μ-AsS)}·0.5en] (2), [Mn(μ-trien){Mn(μ-NH)(μ-AsS)}] (3), [{Mn(NH)}(μ-NH){Mn(μ-NH)(μ-AsS)}] (4), [Mn(μ-NH)(μ-AsS)(μ-AsS)] (5), and [Mn(NH)] [{Mn(NH)(μ-AsS)}] (6) were synthesized using a hydrazine-solvothermal method. The thioarsenate units AsS and AsS coordinate to Mn(ii) ions with variable coordination modes, forming a Mn-As-S ternary cluster (1), chains (2, 4-6), and layers (3), respectively.

Cloning and Characterization of the Acetylcholinesterase1 Gene of Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Acari: Tetranychidae).

The carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval), is a major agriculture pest. It can be found worldwide, has an extensive host plant range, and has shown resistance to pesticides. Organophosphate and carbamate insecticides account for more than one-third of all insecticide sales.

Transcriptome Analysis of the Carmine Spider Mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval, 1867) (Acari: Tetranychidae), and Its Response to β-Sitosterol.

Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a worldwide polyphagous agricultural pest that has the title of resistance champion among arthropods. We reported previously the identification of the acaricidal compound β-sitosterol from Mentha piperita and Inula japonica. However, the acaricidal mechanism of β-sitosterol is unclear.

Climate oscillation during the Quaternary associated with landscape heterogeneity promoted allopatric lineage divergence of a temperate tree Kalopanax septemlobus (Araliaceae) in East Asia.

We investigated the biogeographic history of Kalopanax septemlobus, one of the most widespread temperate tree species in East Asia, using a combined phylogeographic and palaeodistribution modelling approach. Range-wide genetic differentiation at nuclear microsatellites (G'(ST) = 0.709; 2205 samples genotyped at five loci) and chloroplast DNA (G(ST) = 0.