Spatial arrangement is a key factor in maintaining community yield and stability via regulating component intra-/interspecific competition in an alpine climate environment. A 2-yr field trial was conducted on the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau, including cross row (S_C), double row (S_D), single row (S_R), broadcast (M_B), dependent row (M_D) and independent row (M_I). Our results showed that S_C could avoid intraspecific competition by reasonable spatial arrangement, which favored the dominant component growth (1st year: leaf; 2nd year: stem and reproductive organ).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Environ Res Public Health
June 2022
Global climate change has aggravated the hydrological cycle by changing both the amount and distribution of precipitation, and this is especially notable in the semiarid Loess Plateau. How these precipitation variations have affected soil carbon (C) emission by the agroecosystems is still unclear. Here, to evaluate the effects of precipitation variation on soil respiration (Rs), a field experiment (from 2019 to 2020) was conducted with 3 levels of manipulation, including ambient precipitation (CK), 30% decreased precipitation (P−30), and 30% increased precipitation (P+30) in rain-fed winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiation components have distinct effects on photosynthesis. In the desert steppe ecosystem, the influence of diffuse radiation on carbon fixation has not been thoroughly explored. We examined this diffusion and its effect on ecosystem productivity was examined during the growing season from 2014 to 2015 on the basis of eddy covariance measurements of CO exchange in a desert steppe ecosystem in northwest China.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLong-term trends in ecosystem resource use efficiencies (RUEs) and their controlling factors are key pieces of information for understanding how an ecosystem responds to climate change. We used continuous eddy covariance and microclimate data over the period 1999-2017 from a 120-year-old black spruce stand in central Saskatchewan, Canada, to assess interannual variability, long-term trends, and key controlling factors of gross ecosystem production (GEP) and the RUEs of carbon (CUE = net primary production [NPP]/GEP), light (LUE = GEP/absorbed photosynthetic radiation [APAR]), and water (WUE = GEP/evapotranspiration [E]). At this site, annual GEP has shown an increasing trend over the 19 years (p < 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRice blast is a major destructive fungal disease that poses a serious threat to rice production and the improvement of blast resistance is critical to rice breeding. The antimicrobial peptide MSI-99 has been suggested as an antimicrobial peptide conferring resistance to bacterial and fungal diseases. Here, a vector harboring the MSI-99 gene was constructed and introduced into the tobacco chloroplast genome via particle bombardment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF