Gut Microbiota Composition and Fecal Metabolic Profiling in Patients With Diabetic Retinopathy.

Recent evidence suggests there is a link between metabolic diseases and gut microbiota. To investigate the gut microbiota composition and fecal metabolic phenotype in diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients. DNA was extracted from 50 fecal samples (21 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus-associated retinopathy (DR), 14 with type 2 diabetes mellitus but without retinopathy (DM) and 15 sex- and age-matched healthy controls) and then sequenced by high-throughput 16S rDNA analysis.

Activation and discovery of earth-abundant metal catalysts using sodium tert-butoxide.

First-row, earth-abundant metals offer an inexpensive and sustainable alternative to precious-metal catalysts. As such, iron and cobalt catalysts have garnered interest as replacements for alkene and alkyne hydrofunctionalization reactions. However, these have required the use of air- and moisture-sensitive catalysts and reagents, limiting both adoption by the non-expert as well as applicability, particularly in industrial settings.

Cobalt-catalysed Markovnikov selective hydroboration of vinylarenes.

A bipyridiyl-oxazoline cobalt catalyst BPOCoCl has been developed for the Markovnikov selective hydroboration of alkenes using pinacolborane and NaOBu as the in situ activator with up to >98 : 2 branched : linear selectivity (24 examples, 45-92% isolated yield).