Disseminated tumor cells in bone marrow as predictive classifiers for small cell lung cancer patients.

Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive disease characterized by early metastasis. Aneuploid CD31 disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) and CD31 disseminated tumor endothelial cells (DTECs) residing in the bone marrow are generally considered as the initiators of metastatic process. However, the clinical significance of DTCs and DTECs in SCLC remains poorly understood.

Histological Subtype Classification of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Radiomics and 3D Convolutional Neural Networks.

Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the most common type of pulmonary cancer, one of the deadliest malignant tumors worldwide. Given the increased emphasis on the precise management of lung cancer, identifying various subtypes of NSCLC has become pivotal for enhancing diagnostic standards and patient prognosis. In response to the challenges presented by traditional clinical diagnostic methods for NSCLC pathology subtypes, which are invasive, rely on physician experience, and consume medical resources, we explore the potential of radiomics and deep learning to automatically and non-invasively identify NSCLC subtypes from computed tomography (CT) images.

Associations of sleep disorders with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in cancer survivors: a cross-sectional analysis of the NHANES 2005-2016.

Background: The circadian clock and endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling play important roles in oncogenesis and development of cancer. Sleep disorders have been linked to an elevated risk of mortality in general populations. Nonetheless, the evidence for the sleep disorders-mortality association among cancer patients is limited.

[Efficacy of Osimertinib Combined with Bevacizumab in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Acquired EGFR T790M Mutation].

Background: Osimertinib is a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) capable of overcoming non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR T790M mutation. Although the addition of bevacizumab to 1st generation EGFR-TKIs confers a significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS) in treatment-naive EGFR mutant NSCLC patients, osimertinib plus bevacizumab combination failed to show prolongation in the phase 2 study WJOG8715L. Data of such combination in Chinese patients are still lacking.

Durable response to immunotherapy plus chemotherapy in a patient with untreated, brain-metastatic, EGFR exon 20 insertion mutation lung adenocarcinoma: A case report.

Rational: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) 20 exon insertion is the second most common EGFR aberrations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite some novel EGFR inhibitors, clinically obtainable management for this subset of patients remains an unmet need. there are no previous reports of upfront combination therapy with immunotherapy and chemotherapy for lung adenocarcinoma with brain metastasis harboring EGFR 20 insertion.

HER2 Exon 20 Insertion Mutations in Lung Adenocarcinoma: Case Series and Response to Pyrotinib.

HER2 mutations have emerged as oncogenic driver gene mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which have not been described in detail like other driver gene mutations. Here, 295 patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma were retrospectively screened for HER2 mutations using next-generation sequencing (NGS), and the positive cases were validated by Sanger sequencing. We identified five cases with HER2 exon 20 insertions, representing 1.

[Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-induced Myasthenia Gravis: From Diagnosis to Treatment].

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) has been proven to be a major breakthrough in the treatment of various tumor types. Despite the favorable results in terms of oncological outcomes, these treatments have been associated with a variety of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Myasthenia gravis (MG) is one of rare but life-threatening irAEs, with acute onset and rapid progression after ICI initiation.

Nivolumab-induced Thyroid Dysfunctions in Patients with Previously Treated Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Nivolumab, a fully human IgG4 programmed cell death-1 checkpoint inhibitor, demonstrated its benefit of prolonged survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, nivolumab generated unique immune-related adverse events such as thyroid dysfunctions. Herein we assessed nivolumab-induced thyroid dysfunctions in patients with previously treated advanced NSCLC in our hospital.

PD-L1 Expression and Its Regulation in Lung Adenocarcinoma with ALK Translocation.

Background: The mechanism of regulation of PD-L1 expression by ALK translocation remains unclear. We detected PD-L1 protein expression and its regulation in lung adenocarcinoma patients with EML4-ALK fusion gene.

Methods: PD-L1 and ALK expression at protein level in human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines and tumor tissue specimens was evaluated by immunohistochemistry analysis and Western blotting.

Circulating CD137 CD8 T cells accumulate along with increased functional regulatory T cells and thoracic tumour burden in lung cancer patients.

CD137 is a promising target for immunostimulation strategies against cancer. Previous studies showed that CD137 CD8 T cells are enriched in antitumour effector T cells in both preclinical tumour models and cancer patients, but to date, such T cells in the blood of lung cancer patients have not been sufficiently investigated. In this study, circulating antigen-activated CD8 T cell subsets, identified as CD137 CD8 or PD-1 (programmed cell death protein 1) CD8 , and regulatory T cells (Treg), identified as CD4 CD25 CD127 , in 40 untreated lung cancer patients and in 49 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were assessed by flow cytometry.

Isolation of circulating tumor cells and detection of EGFR mutations in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.

The aim of the present study was to develop a procedure for the isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and to evaluate its application in the detection of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, and potential heterogeneity in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Peripheral blood samples were collected from 91 patients with lung cancer, 10 patients with benign disease and 10 healthy volunteers. CTCs were enriched by positive immunomagnetic separation, detected by immunocytochemistry, and processed for single-cell capture.

Author Correction: Circulating tumor DNA analysis depicts subclonal architecture and genomic evolution of small cell lung cancer.

The original version of this Article contained an error in Fig. 2, in which the left y-axis labels 'tDNA' and 'ctDNA' were inadvertently inverted. This has been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.

Circulating tumor DNA analysis depicts subclonal architecture and genomic evolution of small cell lung cancer.

Subclonal architecture and genomic evolution of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) under treatment has not been well studied primarily due to lack of tumor specimens, particularly longitudinal samples acquired during treatment. SCLC is characterized by early hematogenous spread, which makes circulating cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA) sequencing a promising modality for genomic profiling. Here, we perform targeted deep sequencing of 430 cancer genes on pre-treatment tumor biopsies, as well as on plasma samples collected prior to and during treatment from 22 SCLC patients.

[Clinical Analysis of 107 NSCLC Patients Harboring KRAS Mutation].

Background: Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS) mutation is one of the major driver genes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). KRAS is a resistant predictor of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), which raises controversy because of its role in chemotherapy sensitivity and prognosis. The aim of this study is to accumulate clinical experience in treating NSCLC patients harboring KRAS mutation.

Crizotinib versus platinum-based double-agent chemotherapy as the first line treatment in advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: To explore the efficacy and safety of crizotinib versus platinum-based double agent chemotherapy as the first-line treatment in patients with advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive lung adenocarcinoma.

Method: We retrospectively analyzed data from 19 patients with advanced ALK-positive lung adenocarcinoma who had received no previous systemic treatment for advanced disease. Seven patients received oral crizotinib at a dose of 250 mg twice daily; 12 patients were administered standard chemotherapy (pemetrexed, paclitaxel, vinorelbine or gemcitabine plus either cisplatin or carboplatin) every three weeks for up to six cycles.

[Clinical Observation of Icotinib Hydrochloride for Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with EGFR Status Identified].

Background: Icotinib is the first self-developed small molecular drug in China for targeted therapy of lung cancer. Compared to the other two commercially available epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors, gefitinib and erlotinib, icotinib is similar to them in chemical structure, mechanism of activity and therapeutic effects. To explore the efficacy and side effects of icotinib hydrochloride in the treatment of the advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutation and wild-type.

[Detection and Analysis of EGFR and KRAS Mutation with Lung Adenocarcinoma].

Background And Objective: Mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and KRAS are important markers in non-small cell lung cancer, which are closely related to the clinical therapeutic effect. To analysis the EGFR and KRAS gene mutation rate and its relationship with clinical features in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: 395 patients with treatment naïve lung adenocarcinoma, tumor tissue samples were available for testing.

Subsequent treatment of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor failure in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) effectively treat advanced non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR-mutation. However, most patients develop acquired resistance without effective therapy subsequent to EGFR-TKI failure. We evaluated the efficacy of subsequent treatment strategies for EGFR-TKI resistance.

[Detection and Analysis of EGFR and KRAS Mutations in the Patients with Lung Squamous Cell Carcinomas].

Background: Activating mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and KRAS are important markers in non-small cell lung cancer. However, EGFR and KRAS gene mutations in lung squamous cell carcinoma are rarely reported. The aim of this study was to analyze EGFR and KRAS gene mutation rate and their relationship with clinical features in patients with lung squamous cell carcinomas.

[Association between the epidermal growth receptor status and the efficacy of first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer].

Background: Status of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene is a predictor of response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). However, little is know about the relationship between EGFR status and response to chemotherapy. We evaluated the prediction value of EGFR mutation status on response to first-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with primary lung adenocarcinoma harboring ALK rearrangements detected by FISH, IHC, and RT-PCR.

EML4-ALK is a new driver gene of non-small cell lung cancer and a target of crizotinib. The objectives of this study were to determine the frequency of ALK rearrangements in a large cohort of patients with primary lung adenocarcinoma and to analyze the association of ALK rearrangements with clinicopathological characteristics and clinical outcomes. The roles of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), Ventana immunohistochemistry (IHC), and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in the detection of ALK rearrangements were evaluated.

Efficacy and predictors of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in Chinese advanced lung adenocarcinoma: analyses of 253 cases from a single institute.

The aim of this study was to analyze the efficacy according to EGFR status and predictors of TKIs in Chinese advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients in a single institute. We retrospectively enrolled 253 patients with advanced or recurrent adenocarcinoma and history of EGFR-TKI treatment attended at Beijing Chest Hospital in Beijing, China, from July 2007 to August 2012. Overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were analyzed according to EGFR status and in different treatment lines.

Clinicopathologic characteristics of ALK rearrangements in primary lung adenocarcinoma with identified EGFR and KRAS status.

Purpose: EGFR and KRAS genes and ALK arrangements are three genetic drivers of lung adenocarcinoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics of the ALK rearrangements in patients with primary lung adenocarcinoma and with identified EGFR or KRAS status.

Methods: Patients with primary lung adenocarcinoma who had enough tissue for study were enrolled.

Comparison of EGFR signaling pathway somatic DNA mutations derived from peripheral blood and corresponding tumor tissue of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer using liquidchip technology.

Somatic DNA mutations affecting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway are known to predict responsiveness to EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor drugs in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancers. We evaluated a sensitive liquidchip platform for detecting EGFR, KRAS (alias Ki-ras), proto-oncogene B-Raf, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase CA mutations in plasma samples, which were highly correlated with matched tumor tissues from 86 patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancers. Either EGFR exon 19 or 21 mutations were detected in 36 patients: 23 of whom had identical mutations in both their blood and tissue samples; whereas mutations in the remaining 13 were found only in their tumor samples.

[Clinical observation of icotinib hydrochloride in first-line therapy for pulmonary adenocarcinoma].

Background And Objective: It has been proven that icotinib hydrochloride, as a molecule targeted drug, can be safely and efficiently used to treat advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) for second-line or third-line. This research was aimed to investigate the efficacy and toxicity of icotinib hydrochloride as the first-line therapy for pulmonary adenocarcinoma.

Results: Among the 56 patients, the tumor objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) was 46.