Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals S100A8/A9 neutrophils-induced endothelial cell death and lymphocyte infiltration after ischemic stroke.

Stroke is a major global cause of death and disability, with ischemic stroke being the most common type. The disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a key factor in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke, allowing immune cells to infiltrate and worsening neuroinflammation. This study uses single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to examine the transcriptional changes in neutrophils, endothelial cells, and T cells during ischemic stroke.

Spontaneous interactions between typical antibiotics and soil enzyme: Insights from multi-spectroscopic approaches, XPS technology, molecular modeling, and joint toxic actions.

A large amount of antibiotics enters the soil environment and accumulates therein as individuals and mixtures, threatening the soil safety. However, there is little information regarding the influence of single and mixed antibiotics on key soil proteins at molecular level. In this study, setting sulfadiazine (SD) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) as the representative antibiotics, the interactions between these agents and α-amylase (an important hydrolase in soil carbon cycle) were investigated through multi-spectroscopic approaches, X-ray photoelectron spectrometry, and molecular modeling.

A new parameter for quantitatively characterizing antibiotic hormesis: QSAR construction and joint toxic action judgment.

Antibiotics usually induce the hormetic effects on bacteria, featured by low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition, which challenges the central belief in toxicity assessment and environmental risk assessment of antibiotics. However, there are currently no ideal parameters to quantitatively characterize hormesis. In this study, an effective area in hormesis (A) was developed to quantify the biphasic dose-responses of single antibiotics (sulfonamides (SAs), sulfonamides potentiators (SAPs), and tetracyclines (TCs)) and binary mixtures (SAs-SAPs, SAs-TCs, and SAs-SAs) to the bioluminescence of Aliivibrio fischeri.

Acute toxicity of binary mixtures for quorum sensing inhibitors and sulfonamides against : QSAR investigations and joint toxic actions.

Quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs), as a kind of ideal antibiotic substitutes, have been recommended to be used in combination with traditional antibiotics in medical and aquaculture fields. Due to the co-existence of QSIs and antibiotics in environmental media, it is necessary to evaluate their joint risk. However, there is little information about the acute toxicity of mixtures for QSIs and antibiotics.

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Dynamic Microglial-Induced A1 Astrocyte Reactivity via C3/C3aR/NF-κB Signaling After Ischemic Stroke.

Microglia and astrocytes are key players in neuroinflammation and ischemic stroke. A1 astrocytes are a subtype of astrocytes that are extremely neurotoxic and quickly kill neurons. Although the detrimental A1 astrocytes are present in many neurodegenerative diseases and are considered to accelerate neurodegeneration, their role in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke is poorly understood.

Th17/Regulatory T-Cell Imbalance and Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Sepsis.

To analyze the predictive value of the Th17/Treg ratio for renal injury in sepsis patients, a prospective observational study was conducted. Adult patients with sepsis were enrolled and divided into a sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SAKI) group and a sepsis-without-AKI group. Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent predictors of SAKI, and the ROC curve was plotted to evaluate the predictive value of the Th17/Treg ratio for renal injury in patients with sepsis.

Adipose-Derived Stem Cells From Patients With Ulcerative Colitis Exhibit Impaired Immunosuppressive Function.

Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are able to modulate the immune response and are used for treating ulcerative colitis (UC). However, it is possible that ADSCs from patients with inflammatory or autoimmune disorders may show defective immunosuppression. We investigated the use of ADSCs from UC patients for autologous cell treatment, specifically, ADSCs from healthy donors (H-ADSCs) and UC patients (P-ADSCs) in terms of various functions, including differentiation, proliferation, secretion, and immunosuppression.

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of gEGF on the Growth Performance and Immunity of Broilers.

EGF has been shown to stimulate the growth of animals. In this study, the content of EGF in chicken embryos (gallus EGF, gEGF) aged from 1 to 20 days of incubation were determined by ELISA kit, and the 5-day-old chicken embryos with the highest content of 5593 pg/g were selected to make gEGF crude extracts. A total of 1500 1-day-old Xianju chickens were randomly divided into five groups with six replicates of 50 chickens each.

14-kDa phosphohistidine phosphatase is a potential therapeutic target for liver fibrosis.

Liver fibrosis, a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, leads to liver damage, seriously threatening human health. In our previous study, we demonstrated that 14 kDa phosphohistidine phosphatase (PHP14) was upregulated in fibrotic liver tissue and involved in the migration and lamellipodia formation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). In this study, we evaluated PHP14 as a therapeutic target for liver fibrosis and investigated the mechanism by which it mediates liver fibrosis.

Benzene Derivatives from Ink Lead to False Positive Results in Neonatal Hyperphenylalaninemia Screening with Ninhydrin Fluorometric Method.

Ninhydrin-based fluorometric quantification of phenylalanine is one of the most widely used methods for hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA) screening in neonates due to its high sensitivity, high accuracy, and low cost. Here we report an increase of false positive cases in neonatal HPA screening with this method, caused by contamination of blood specimen collection devices during the printing process. Through multiple steps of verification, the contaminants were identified from ink circles printed on the collection devices to indicate the positions and sizes of blood drops.

KLF5 regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition of liver cancer cells in the context of p53 loss through miR-192 targeting of ZEB2.

Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) can both promote and suppress cell migration, but the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated. In this study, we show that the function of KLF5 in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migration of liver cancer cells depends on the status of the cellular tumor antigen p53 (p53). Furthermore, zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) is the main regulator of KLF5 in EMT in liver cancer cells in the context of p53 loss.

Correlation of Blood FoxP3+ Regulatory T Cells and Disease Activity of Atopic Dermatitis.

Objectives: To investigate CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) in the peripheral blood of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and its correlation with disease severity.

Methods: Blood samples from 79 AD patients before and after four-week conventional treatment were collected. Cell counts of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+Tregs, CD4+CD25+FoxP3-T effector cells (Teffs), and CD4+IL-10+Tregs were analyzed by flow cytometry.

ARHGEF4-mediates the actin cytoskeleton reorganization of hepatic stellate cells in 3-dimensional collagen matrices.

The actin cytoskeleton of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is reorganized when they are cultured in 3D collagen matrices. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism of actin cytoskeleton reorganization in HSCs cultured in 3D floating collagen matrices (FCM) compared to those on 2D polystyrene surfaces (PS). First, we found that the generation of dendritic cellular processes was controlled by Rac1.

PHP14 regulates hepatic stellate cells migration in liver fibrosis via mediating TGF-β1 signaling to PI3Kγ/AKT/Rac1 pathway.

Unlabelled: Hepatic fibrosis is characterized by the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Migration of the activated HSCs to the site of injury is one of the key characteristics during the wound healing process. We have previously demonstrated that 14 kDa phosphohistidine phosphatase (PHP14) is involved in migration and lamellipodia formation of HSCs.