Ginsenoside compound K decreases presentation of citrullinated peptides by regulating autophagy-induced autoantigen activation.

Objective: Citrullinated vimentin (cVIM) triggers the immune response and is the primary autoantigen of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Ginsenoside compound K (CK), which exerts significant anti-inflammatory effects, was the objective of this study. We aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of CK in regulating presentation of citrullinated peptides.

High-fat diet-induced L-saccharopine accumulation inhibits estradiol synthesis and damages oocyte quality by disturbing mitochondrial homeostasis.

High-fat diet (HFD) has been linked to female infertility. However, the specific age at which HFD impacts ovarian function and the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we administered a HFD to female mice at various developmental stages: pre-puberty (4 weeks old), post-puberty (6 weeks old), young adult (9 weeks old), and middle age (32 weeks old).

Single-cell transcriptomics reveals antigen-presenting capacity and therapeutic resistance potential of immunomodulatory endothelial cells in colorectal cancer.

Background: The heterogeneity of tumor endothelial cells (TECs) hinders the efficacy of antiangiogenic therapies (AATs). Only a small percentage of angiogenic TECs are considered effective targets for AATs. Immunomodulatory ECs (IMECs), as a newly focused functional subgroup of endothelial cells (ECs), are being evaluated for their ability to regulate tumor immune balance and influence existing AATs.

Lipopolysaccharides protect mesenchymal stem cell against cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury by HMGB1/STAT3 signaling.

Background: Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is a serious and irreversible injury. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is considered to be a potential therapy for I/R injury due to the paracrine effects. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a novel mediator in MSC and regulates the response of inflammation injury.

Time-dependent photo-activated aminoborane room-temperature phosphorescence materials with unprecedented properties: simple, versatile, multicolor-tuneable, water resistance, optical information writing/erasing, and multilevel data encryption.

Triarylboranes-based pure organic room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials are rarely investigated because of their large steric hindrance and the electron defect of the boron atom. As a result, creating functional triarylborane RTP materials is difficult. Herein, we report the first photo-activated RTP materials with lifetimes/quantum yields ≤0.

Multicolor Adjustable B-N Molecular Switches: Simple, Efficient, Portable, and Visual Identification of Butanol Isomers.

As intelligent probes, dynamic and controllable molecular switches are useful tools for probing and intervening in life processes. However, the types and properties of molecular switches are still relatively single and often can only make two actions: "off" and "on". Therefore, the development of novel molecular switches with multiple colors and multiple instructions is very challenging.

Osteoimmunomodulatory Nanoparticles for Bone Regeneration.

Treatment of large bone fractures remains a challenge for orthopedists. Bone regeneration is a complex process that includes skeletal cells such as osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and immune cells to regulate bone formation and resorption. Osteoimmunology, studying this complicated process, has recently been used to develop biomaterials for advanced bone regeneration.

Increased cellular senescence in doxorubicin-induced murine ovarian injury: effect of senolytics.

Ovarian injury caused by chemotherapy can lead to early menopause, infertility, and even premature senility in female cancer patients, impairing the quality of life and overall health of the cancer survivors seriously. However, there is still a lack of effective protection strategies against such injury. Cellular senescence can be induced by chemotherapeutic agents in multiple organs and may corrode the structure and function of normal tissues.

Simple Stimulus-Responsive Organic Long Persistent Luminescence Systems Based on Methoxy-Functionalized Triphenylphosphine.

Triarylphosphine-based pure organic long persistent luminescence materials are rarely investigated because of their poor stability and low photoluminescence quantum yield. Herein, we demonstrate that the introduction of a methoxy group (TPP--3OMe) at the position of triphenylphosphine (TPP) can essentially promote the n → π* transition and promote intersystem crossing to generate more triplet excitons. Simultaneously, generating abundant intramolecular and intermolecular hydrogen bonds to stable excited triplet excitons is beneficial, thereby causing high-efficiency phosphorescence emission (τ = 394.

Senotherapy Protects against Cisplatin-Induced Ovarian Injury by Removing Senescent Cells and Alleviating DNA Damage.

Ovarian damage induced by platinum-based chemotherapy seriously affects young women with cancer, manifesting as infertility, early menopause, and premature ovarian insufficiency. However, effective prevention strategies for such damage are lacking. Senescent cells may be induced by chemotherapeutic agents.

Lipopolysaccharide-pretreated mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium optimized with 10 kDa filter attenuates the injury of H9c2 cardiomyocytes in a model of hypoxia/reoxygenation.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived conditioned medium (MSC-CM) improves cardiac function, which is partly attributed to the released paracrine factors. Since such cardioprotection is moderate and transient, it is essential that MSC-CM's effective components are optimized to alleviate myocardial injury. To optimize MSC-CM, MSCs were treated with or without lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) for 48 h (serum-free), and the supernatant was collected.

Chronic exposure to propylparaben at the humanly relevant dose triggers ovarian aging in adult mice.

Parabens, a type of endocrine-disrupting chemicals, are widely used as antibacterial preservatives in food and cosmetics in daily life. Paraben exposure has gained particular attention in the past decades, owing to its harmful effects on reproductive function. Whether low-dose paraben exposure may cause ovarian damage has been ignored recently.

Vaginal Microbiota Changes in Patients With Premature Ovarian Insufficiency and Its Correlation With Ovarian Function.

Objectives: To reveal the characteristics of vaginal microbiota in premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) patients and their relationship with ovarian function.

Materials And Methods: In this case-control study, the vaginal bacterial composition of 30 POI patients and 26 healthy women of comparable age was assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing targeting the V3-V4 hypervariable regions. The metabolic functions of vaginal microflora were preliminarily predicted through the PICRUSt2 analysis.

Can Inhibin B Reflect Ovarian Reserve of Healthy Reproductive Age Women Effectively?

Objective: The reference range and potential value of inhibin B are still unclear and controversial. This study aimed to define the variation trend of inhibin B in healthy women with age and explore its value in the reflection of ovarian reserve.

Methods: A total of 2524 healthy reproductive age women from eight medical institutes nationwide were recruited.

Acupuncture Medical Therapy and its Underlying Mechanisms: A Systematic Review.

As a traditional Chinese alternative health care approach, acupuncture is gaining increasing attention and reputation in China and overseas. While becoming increasingly popular globally, some consumers and professionals still know little about the therapy and underlying mechanisms of acupuncture. Due to local superiority, there are large numbers of both clinical applications and mechanistic studies performed in China compared to countries overseas.

The optimization conditions of establishing an H9c2 cardiomyocyte hypoxia/reoxygenation injury model based on an AnaeroPack System.

Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major cause of cardiomyocyte apoptosis after vascular recanalization, which was mimicked by a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury model of cardiomyocytes in vitro. In this study, we explored an optimal H/R duration procedure using the AnaeroPack System. To study the H/R procedure, cardiomyocytes were exposed to the AnaeroPack System with sugar and serum-free medium, followed by reoxygenation under normal conditions.

Reproductive risk factors for angiographic obstructive coronary artery disease among postmenopausal women.

Objective: Reproductive factors are female-specific coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors. However, the importance of reproductive factors in angiographic obstructive CAD in postmenopausal women remains uncertain. This study aimed to compare reproductive factors between postmenopausal women with no apparent CAD, nonobstructive CAD, and obstructive CAD and identify reproductive risk factors for obstructive CAD.

High-Choline Diet Exacerbates Cardiac Dysfunction, Fibrosis, and Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Background: Trimethylamine N-oxide, a gut microbe-dependent metabolite of dietary choline and other trimethylamine-containing nutrients, has been associated with a poor prognosis for patients with cardiovascular disease. However, the role and underlying mechanisms of trimethylamine N-oxide in the cardiac function of patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) have not been elucidated.

Methods And Results: C57BL/6 mice were fed a normal diet, high-choline (1.

Metformin prevents murine ovarian aging.

A number of studies have shown that metformin can delay aging process and extend healthy lifespan in animals. However, its role in female reproductive lifespan is unclear. This study was aimed to explore the potential anti-aging effect of metformin on the ovary and its possible mechanisms.

Can ovarian aging be delayed by pharmacological strategies?

Aging has been regarded as a treatable condition, and delaying aging could prevent some diseases. Ovarian aging, a special type of organ senescence, is the earliest-aging organ, as ovaries exhibit an accelerated rate of aging with characteristics of gradual declines in ovarian follicle quantity and quality since birth, compared to other organs. Ovarian aging is considered as the pacemaker of female body aging, which drives the aging of multiple organs of the body.

Age-associated up-regulation of EGR1 promotes granulosa cell apoptosis during follicle atresia in mice through the NF-κB pathway.

Follicular atresia is the main process responsible for the loss of follicles and oocytes from the ovary, and it is the root cause of ovarian aging. Apoptosis of granulosa cells (GCs) is the cellular mechanism responsible for follicular atresia in mammals. Recent advances have highlighted fundamental roles for EGR1 in age-related diseases via the induction of apoptosis.