Anti-VEGFR2-Interferon α Promotes the Infiltration of CD8+ T Cells in Colorectal Cancer by Upregulating the Expression of CCL5.

Immunocytokines are a promising immunotherapeutic approach in cancer therapy. Anti-VEGFR2-interferon α (IFNα) suppressed colorectal cancer (CRC) growth and enhanced CD8 + T-cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment, exhibiting great clinical translational potential. However, the mechanism of how the anti-VEGFR2-IFNα recruits T cells has not been elucidated.

Graphitic carbon nitride membranes intercalated with nano-sized Fe-MOF for enhanced water purification via synergistic separation and Fenton-like processes.

Versatile two-dimensional nanomaterials have offered a promising prospect to enhance the water purification efficiency and overcome the fouling obstacle in membrane technology. In this work, a graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) nanosheet membrane intercalated with the nano-sized Fe-based metal-organic framework (MIL-100(Fe)) is developed for the enhanced removal of aqueous organic contaminants by synergically promoting separation and Fenton-like processes. The g-CN/MIL-100(Fe) membrane is constructed through a self-assembly route in which the nano-MIL-100(Fe) is anchored into g-CN layers by the coordination bonds between Fe nodes and pyridinic N.

Waste biomass-derived N, P co-doping carbon aerogel-coated CoFeP with modulated electron density for efficient electrooxidation of contaminants.

Developing low-cost, green, high-performing electrode materials to address environmental pollutants and the energy crisis is significant but challenging. Herein, the bimetallic iron cobalt phosphide coated in waste biomass-derived N, P co-doping carbon (CoFeP@NPC) is constructed. Furthermore, the active site density and the water decomposition energy barrier of surface-coated NPC are modulated by optimizing the electronic structure of CoFeP via doping engineering.

Gravity-driven membrane system treating heavy metals-containing secondary effluent: Improved removal of heavy metals and mechanism.

This study aimed at investigating the removal performance of the gravity-driven membrane (GDM) system in treating the heavy metals-containing secondary effluent, as well as evaluating the respective roles of Fe and Mn addition on the removal of heavy metals. GDM process with the formation of biocake layer exerted effective removals of Cr, Pb and Cd, with an average removal efficiency of 98%, 95% and 40%, respectively, however, after removing the biocake layer, the removal efficiencies of Cr, Pb and Cd reduced to 59%, 85% and 19%, respectively, indicating that the biocake layer played a fundamental role in removing heavy metals. With the assistance of Fe, the removal efficiency of heavy metals increased, and exhibited a positive response to the Fe dosage, due to the adsorption by the freshly generated iron oxides.

Activation of peroxymonosulfate by palygorskite-mediated cobalt-copper-ferrite nanoparticles for bisphenol S degradation: Influencing factors, pathways and toxicity evaluation.

Peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-based advanced oxidation process is considered a potential technology for water treatment. Here, palygorskite (PAL)-mediated cobalt-copper-ferrite nanoparticles (16%-CoCuFeO@PAL, donated as 16%-CCFO@PAL) were employed for PMS activation to remove bisphenol S (BPS). BPS degradation was greater than 99% under the optimal conditions within 25 min, on which the effects of various influencing factors were explored.

Non-radical dominated degradation of bisphenol S by peroxymonosulfate activation under high salinity condition: Overlooked HOCl, formation of intermediates, and toxicity assessment.

Extensive studies revealed that Cl could inhibit the removal of targeted pollutants under low Cl conditions in the peroxymonosulfate (PMS) system. However, the enhanced effect of Cl has always been overlooked under high Cl conditions. Here, we find that high concentration of Cl played a critical role in bisphenol S (BPS) degradation by activating PMS using 16%-CoFeO@PAL (16%-CFO@PAL).

Comparative study on heterogeneous activation of peroxydisulfate and peroxymonosulfate with black carbon derived from coal tar residues: Contribution of free radical, O and surface-bound radicals.

Carbon materials draw increasing attention as metal-free catalysts for persulfates activation. Herein, the potential of black carbon (BC) derived from coal tar residues on heterogeneous activation of peroxydisulfate (PDS) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to eliminate organic pollutants was investigated. Compared with UV/persulfates systems, persulfates/BC systems degraded 3 selected phenolic compounds (i.

Insight into the oxidation of phenolic pollutants by enhanced permanganate with biochar: The role of high-valent manganese intermediate species.

This work demonstrated that the oxidation of phenolic pollutants by permanganate (KMnO) was effectively enhanced by a commercial biochar. Detailed characterization data indicated that the biochar contains porous structures, amounts of defective sites and abundant redox-active groups. In the presence of biochar, the degradation efficiency of 4-nitrophenol by KMnO surged from 5% to 92% in 180 min, up to 37.

Heterogeneous catalytic ozonation of atrazine with Mn-loaded and Fe-loaded biochar.

After reaction with permanganate or ferrate, the resulted Mn-loaded and Fe-loaded biochar (MnOx/biochar and FeOx/biochar) exhibited excellent catalytic ozonation activity. O (2.5 mg/L) eliminated 48% of atrazine (ATZ, 5 μM) within 30 min at pH 7.

Tailoring the distribution of microbial communities and gene expressions to achieve integrating nitrogen transformation in a gravity-driven submerged membrane bioreactor.

A pilot-scale upgraded gravity-driven submerged membrane (GDSM) reactor was constructed to enhance nitrogen removal. It was artificially formed multiple stratified environments (dissolved oxygen (DO) and substrate supply (TOC, TN, COD, NH-N, NO-N, and NO-N)) by embedding moving water baffles to control water-flow process in bulk liquid with slow-flowing liquid state. Significant diversity and relative abundance of microorganisms associated with nitrogen transformation paths (i.

Bio-inspired co-deposited preparation of GO composite loose nanofiltration membrane for dye contaminated wastewater sustainable treatment.

The fully separation of dye/salt through loose nanofiltration membranes is of great significance for the sustainable development paradigm of textile wastewater. However, the current loose nanofiltration membranes suffer low separation efficiency and complex preparation. Herein, by one-step co-deposition, we develop graphene oxide (GO) composite loose nanofiltration membranes with low negatively charged surface.

Enhanced mineralization of atrazine by surface induced hydroxyl radicals over light-weight granular mixed-quartz sands with ozone.

A light-weight granular mixed-quartz sand (denoted as L-GQS) combined with stirring-assisted bubble column reactor was firstly applied in catalytic ozonation of atrazine. The L-GQS, with a density of 2.36 g cm and average diameter of ca.

Development of a novel anoxic/oxic fed-batch membrane bioreactor (AFMBR) based on gravity-driven and partial aeration modes: A pilot scale study.

A novel pilot gravity-driven anoxic/oxic fed-batch membrane bioreactor (AFMBR) was developed to treat real domestic wastewater. In this process, the anoxic and oxic stages created favorable conditions for stable and continuous nitritation-denitritation/denitrification-nitrification links without adding external carbon source. Excellent removals of organic carbon/nitrogen (NH-N: 71-97%, COD: 78-96%, UV: 70-95%, TN: 20-60%) and spontaneous permeability recovery were achieved simultaneously.

Morphology Control Studies of MnTiO Nanostructures with Exposed {0001} Facets as a High-Performance Catalyst for Water Purification.

Novel single-crystal hexagonal MnTiO nanosheets with exposed {0001} facets have been synthesized via a simple one-pot hydrothermal method using NaOH as a mineralizer and tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAH) as a morphology controller. The intermediate morphologies of MnTiO nanostructures such as nanoparticles, nanowires, nanorods, and nanodiscs are trapped kinetically by adjusting the synthesis conditions. This approach enables us to elucidate the growth mechanisms of MnTiO nanosheets based on the tetraethylammonium cation adsorption abilities on different MnTiO crystal facets combined with density functional theory calculations.

Interpreting the effects of natural organic matter on antimicrobial activity of AgS nanoparticles with soft particle theory.

Natural organic matter (NOM) ubiquitously exists in natural waters and would adsorb onto the particle surface. Previous studies showed that NOM would alleviate the toxicity of nanomaterials, while the mechanism is seldom quantitatively interpreted. Herein, the effects of humic substances [Suwannee River fulvic acid (SRFA) and Suwannee River humic acid (SRHA)] and biomacromolecules [alginate and bovine serum albumin (BSA)] on the aggregation and antimicrobial effects of silver sulfide nanoparticles (AgS-NPs) were investigated.

Rapid oxidation of iodide and hypoiodous acid with ferrate and no formation of iodoform and monoiodoacetic acid in the ferrate/I/HA system.

Toxic and odorous iodinated disinfection byproducts (I-DBPs) could form in the chemical oxidation of iodine-containing water. A critical step for controlling the hazardous I-DBPs is to convert the iodine species into stable and harmless iodate (IO) while inhibiting the accumulation of highly reactive hypoiodous acid (HOI). Herein, the oxidation of I and HOI with ferrate was investigated, and the formation profile of HOI was determined based on 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) coloring method through a stopped-flow spectrophotometer.

Silver microspheres coated with a molecularly imprinted polymer as a SERS substrate for sensitive detection of bisphenol A.

An efficient approach is demonstrated for preparing particles consisting of a silver core and a shell of molecularly imprinted polymer (Ag@MIP). The MIP is prepared by using bisphenol A (BPA) as the template and 4-vinylpyridine as the functional monomer. The Ag@MIP fulfills a dual function in that the silver core acts as a SERS substrate, while the MIP allows for selective recognition of BPA.

Highly efficient removal of trace thallium from contaminated source waters with ferrate: Role of in situ formed ferric nanoparticle.

Thallium (Tl) is highly toxic to mammals and relevant pollution cases are increasing world-widely. Convenient and efficient method for the removal of trace Tl from contaminated source water is imperative. Here, the removal of trace Tl by KFeO [Fe(VI)] was investigated for the first time, with the exploration of reaction mechanisms.

Stimulation effect of electric current density (ECD) on microbial community of a three dimensional particle electrode coupled with biological aerated filter reactor (TDE-BAF).

Improving the stimulation effect of electric current density (ECD) on microbial community is critical in designing and operating TDE-BAF. This study investigated the effect of ECD at 0.00, 4.

A Ag-molecularly imprinted polymer composite for efficient surface-enhanced Raman scattering activities under a low-energy laser.

In this work, we have fabricated flower-shaped Ag particles coated with a molecularly imprinted polymer (Ag@MIP) based on the molecular imprinting technique and SERS technology. Although Raman signals decrease with the reducing laser power, Ag@MIP could sensitively detect the target molecules even at a laser power as low as 0.14 μW.

High performance surface-enhanced Raman scattering via dummy molecular imprinting onto silver microspheres.

A new strategy for achieving high performance SERS was proposed by using the dummy molecular imprinting technique. The obtained core-shell composite can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio and the veracity of trace analysis in SERS detection.

Elementary photoelectronic processes at a porphyrin dye/single-walled TiO2 nanotube hetero-interface in dye-sensitized solar cells: a first-principles study.

A unique one-dimensional (1D) sandwich single-walled TiO2 nanotube (STNT) is proposed as a photoanode nanomaterial with perfect morphology and large specific surface area. We have thoroughly examined the elementary photoelectronic processes occurring at the porphyrin dye/STNT hetero-interface in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) by theoretical simulation. It is desirable to investigate the interfacial photoelectronic processes to elucidate the electron transfer and transport mechanism in 1D STNT-based DSSCs.

Production of sorption functional media (SFM) from clinoptilolite tailings and its performance investigation in a biological aerated filter (BAF) reactor.

The few reuse and large stockpile of zeolite tailings led to a series of social and environmental problems. This study investigated the possibility of using the zeolite tailings as one of principal raw materials to prepare sorption functional media (SFM) by a high temperature sintering process. The SFM was used to serve as a biomedium in a biological aerated filter (BAF) reactor for domestic wastewater treatment, and its purification performance was examined.

Probing the electronic and optical properties of silica-coated quantum dots with first-principles calculations.

The electronic and optical natures of silica-coated semiconductor nanocrystals (Cd(2)Te(2)@(SiO(2))(24)) have been investigated by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations. The calculated results of Cd(2)Te(2)@(SiO(2))(24) have revealed that the structural synergy effect between the Cd(2)Te(2) quantum dots (QDs) and the silica coating shell plays a dominant role in the photoelectric properties. The binding of embedded Cd(2)Te(2) to the outer silica coating shell leads to the distortion of the silica nanocage, indicating strong coupling between the QDs and silica shell.

Surface molecular imprinting onto fluorescein-coated magnetic nanoparticles via reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization: a facile three-in-one system for recognition and separation of endocrine disrupting chemicals.

In this study, we present a general protocol for the making of surface-imprinted magnetic fluorescence beads via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. The resulting composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. The as-synthesized beads exhibited homogeneous polymer films (thickness of about 5.