Female urinary incontinence in China after 15 years' efforts: Results from large-scale nationwide surveys.

Urinary incontinence (UI) is a disease that quietly yet seriously impacts women's health and represents a global health burden that is often neglected. This study aims to systematically assess the prevalence and dynamics of female UI in China, and can inform further policies and have international implications. This study used three nationwide investigations: A national cross-sectional survey in 2021; another nationwide cross-sectional survey in 2006; and data regarding the institutions and physicians providing pelvic floor rehabilitation services from 2005 to 2019.

Use of transrectal high-frequency ultrasound in assessment of middle compartment prolapse.

Objective: To investigate the superiority of transrectal high-frequency ultrasound (TRUS) in precise assessment of middle compartment prolapse in comparison with routine transperineal ultrasound (TPUS).

Methods: Prospectively analyzed and compared detection rates of entire cervical length and uterine descent on TPUS and TRUS in 101 patients with pelvic organ prolapse (POP).

Results: Detection rates of entire cervix on TRUS were significantly higher than those on TPUS both at rest and during Valsalva maneuver (90.

HPV prevalence and distribution characteristics in postmenopausal women from Nanjing, China.

Background: Cervical cancer is strongly associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. In this retrospective study, we analyzed the data of postmenopausal women who were tested for HPV in Nanjing First Hospital from 2019 to 2021.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 14,608 postmenopausal women aged 45-90 years, who underwent HPV examination in Nanjing First Hospital between January 2019 and December 2021.

Clinical Performance of a Dedicated Urine-Based Assay for the Detection of Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia.

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the clinical performance of a urine-based high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) test for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or higher (CIN2+).

Methods: Between September and December 2021, women aged 20 to 65 years referred to colposcopy clinic were prospectively recruited at three clinical centers in China. Paired urine and cervical specimens from all enrolled women were obtained for hrHPV DNA fluorescence quantitative PCR test.

Assessing vaginal wall indexes in premenopausal versus postmenopausal women by transrectal linear array high-frequency probe.

Objective: This study aimed to verify the feasibility of 2D measurement of full-layer thickness of vaginal wall and evaluation of its elasticity by shear wave elastic imaging using transrectal linear array high-frequency ultrasound and to investigate the differences of vaginal wall indexes in premenopausal versus postmenopausal women.

Method: From September to November 2022, a total of 87 women in the Department of Gynecology, Nanjing First Hospital were examined by a sonographer using transrectal linear array high-frequency ultrasound, including 34 women of reproductive age and 53 postmenopausal women. The vagina was divided into upper, middle, and lower segments, and the full-layer thickness of each part was measured.

Ovarian mucinous borderline tumor with anaplastic carcinomatous nodules in adolescents.

Bilateral ovarian epithelial neoplasms in adolescents are rare. Moreover, borderline mucinous neoplasms with local intraepithelial carcinoma with anaplastic carcinoma are even more infrequent. Herein, we presented a single case (a 17-year-old female) with regular menstrual cycles and stomach pain when eating who was diagnosed with a left ovarian tumor accompanied by mural nodules.

Self-assembled iron-containing mordenite monolith for carbon dioxide sieving.

The development of low-cost, efficient physisorbents is essential for gas adsorption and separation; however, the intrinsic tradeoff between capacity and selectivity, as well as the unavoidable shaping procedures of conventional powder sorbents, greatly limits their practical separation efficiency. Herein, an exceedingly stable iron-containing mordenite zeolite monolith with a pore system of precisely narrowed microchannels was self-assembled using a one-pot template- and binder-free process. Iron-containing mordenite monoliths that could be used directly for industrial application afforded record-high volumetric carbon dioxide uptakes (293 and 219 cubic centimeters of carbon dioxide per cubic centimeter of material at 273 and 298 K, respectively, at 1 bar pressure); excellent size-exclusive molecular sieving of carbon dioxide over argon, nitrogen, and methane; stable recyclability; and good moisture resistance capability.

Oxidative dehydrogenation of hydrazines and diarylamines using a polyoxomolybdate-based iron catalyst.

We report an efficient method for the oxidative dehydrogenation of hydrazines and diarylamines in aqueous ethanol using Anderson-type polyoxomolybdate-based iron(iii) as a catalyst and hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant. A series of azo compounds and tetraarylhydrazines were obtained in moderate to excellent yields. The reaction conditions and substrate scopes are complementary or superior to those of more established protocols.

A 14-year multi-institutional collaborative study of Chinese pelvic floor surgical procedures related to pelvic organ prolapse.

Background: It has been a global trend that increasing complications related to pelvic floor surgeries have been reported over time. The current study aimed to outline the development of Chinese pelvic floor surgeries related to pelvic organ prolapse (POP) over the past 14 years and investigate the potential influence of enhanced monitoring conducted by the Chinese Association of Urogynecology since 2011.

Methods: A total of 44,594 women with POP who underwent pelvic floor surgeries between October 1, 2004 and September 30, 2018 were included from 22 tertiary academic medical centers.

Lysates of Lactobacillus acidophilus combined with CTLA-4-blocking antibodies enhance antitumor immunity in a mouse colon cancer model.

Previous reports have suggested that many gut microbiomes were associated with the development of colorectal cancer (CRC), and could modulate response to numerous forms of cancer therapy, including checkpoint blockade immunotherapy. Here we evaluated the protective efficacy of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) cell lysates combined with an anti-CTL antigen-4 blocking antibody (CTLA-4 mAb) in syngeneic BALB/c mice CRC models induce by a single intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg azoxymethane (AOM), followed by three cycles of 2% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water.

Malignant ascite-derived extracellular vesicles inhibit T cell activity by upregulating Siglec-10 expression.

To evade immune defense, cancer cells can employ extracellular vesicles (EVs) to inhibit the anti-tumor activity of lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment. However, the mechanisms and key molecules that mediate the effects of EVs on lymphocytes are unclear. We used Quantibody Human Cytokine Antibody Array 440 to determine the tumor immunity-related cytokine profile of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) stimulated with EVs derived from peritoneal washes or malignant ascites.

Comparative Gene Expression Analysis of Lymphocytes Treated with Exosomes Derived from Ovarian Cancer and Ovarian Cysts.

Cancer cells employ many strategies to evade immune defense and to facilitate tumor growth and angiogenesis. As a novel mode of intercellular communication, cancer-derived exosomes contribute to the recruitment and mediation of lymphocytes within the tumor environment. However, the mechanisms and key molecules mediating the effect of exosomes on lymphocytes are unclear.

One-Pot Template-Free Synthesis of Cu-MOR Zeolite toward Efficient Catalyst Support for Aerobic Oxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural under Ambient Pressure.

Supported catalysts are widely studied, and exploring new promising supports is significant to access more applications. In this work, novel copper-containing MOR-type zeolites Cu-MOR were synthesized in a one-pot template-free route and served as efficient supports for vanadium oxide. In the heterogeneous oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) with molecular oxygen (O2) under ambient pressure, the obtained catalyst demonstrated high yield (91.

Hydroxyl-Exchanged Nanoporous Ionic Copolymer toward Low-Temperature Cycloaddition of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide into Carbonates.

An ionic copolymer catalyst with nanopores, large surface area, high ionic density, and superior basicity was prepared via the radical copolymerization of amino-functionalized ionic liquid bromide and divinylbenzene, followed with a hydroxyl exchange for removing bromonium. Evaluated in chemical fixation of CO2 with epoxides into cyclic carbonates in the absence of any solvent and basic additive, the nanoporous copolymer catalyst showed high and stable activity, superior to various control catalysts including the halogen-containing analogue. Further, high yields were obtained over a wide scope of substrates including aliphatic long carbon-chain alkyl epoxides and internal epoxide, even under atmospheric pressure and less than 100 °C for the majority of the substrates.

One-Pot Synthesis of Zeolitic Strong Solid Bases: A Family of Alkaline-Earth Metal-Containing Silicalite-1.

Fabricating stable strong basic sites in well-preserved crystallized zeolitic frameworks still remains a difficult issue. Here, we reported a family of MFI-type metallosilicate zeolites, AeS-1 (Ae: alkaline-earth metal ions of Mg, Ca, Sr or Ba; S-1: silicalite-1) through a direct one-pot hydrothermal method involving the acidic co-hydrolysis/condensation of the silica precursor with the Ae salts. Step-by-step full characterizations were designed and conducted for in-depth discussion of the Ae status in AeS-1.

Midkine as a potential diagnostic marker in epithelial ovarian cancer for cisplatin/paclitaxel combination clinical therapy.

The paclitaxel/cisplatin combination therapy commonly is used as the first-line treatment for advanced ovarian cancer patients. Midkine (MK), known as a novel tumor biomarker, has been elevated in the serum of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). In this study, we aimed to detect the expression of MK in EOC tissues and evaluate clinical value of MK in diagnosis and therapy of EOC.

[Elevated levels of dendritic cell-correlated miRNAs in ascites and sera of patients with ovarian cancer].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the clinical characteristics of ovarian cancer and the levels of miRNAs which could regulate the differentiation of dendritic cells, and assess its value in estimating the immune state and prognosis of ovarian cancer patients.

Methods: Real-time quantitative PCR was used to determine the levels of miRNAs in ascites and sera of 39 cases of ovarian cancer and in the sera of 20 healthy women.

Results: The levels of miR-21, miR-222 and miR-142-3p in sera of ovarian cancer patients were significantly higher than those of the healthy.

Toll-like receptor-4 pathway is required for the pathogenesis of human chronic endometritis.

Toll-like receptor (TLR) signal transduction is a central component of the primary innate immune response to pathogenic challenge. TLR4, a member of the TLR family, is highly expressed in the endometrial cells of the uterus and could thus be a key link between human chronic endometritis (CE) and the immune system. However, the exact biological function of TLR4 in human CE remains largely unexplored.

[Detection of lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of patients with malignant ovarian tumors].

Objective: To investigate the relationships and implications between the various immune cell subsets in the peripheral blood of patients with ovarian cancer and the clinicopathological parameters.

Methods: Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to test the regulatory T cells (Tregs), helper T cells (Th1 cells), dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells and other immune cell subsets in the pre-operative peripheral blood and ascites of 24 patients with malignant ovarian tumors. Then, the results were compared with those in the peripheral blood of 20 healthy women, and their relationships with the clinicopathological parameters were analyzed statistically.

Ovarian tumor-associated microRNA-20a decreases natural killer cell cytotoxicity by downregulating MICA/B expression.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding regulatory RNAs, and changes in miRNAs are involved in tumor origin and progression. Studies have shown that miR-20a is overexpressed in human ovarian cancer tissues and that this miRNA enhances long-term cellular proliferation and invasion capabilities. In this study, a positive correlation between serum miR-20a expression and ovarian cancer stage was observed.

[Study on the relationship between polymorphism sites of IL-10 and the susceptibility of endometriosis].

Objective: To explore the relationship of the endometriosis susceptibility and polymorphism of up stream of IL-10 promoter at the site of 1082(G→A), 819(C→T) and 592(C→A).

Methods: A total of 214 patients with endometriosis and 160 healthy individuals were enrolled and divided into patient group and control group in this study. The polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was applied to detect the base transition in the up stream of IL-10 promoter at the site of 1082(G→A), 819(C→T) and 592(C→A).

[Changes of collagen content in uterine ligaments of perimenopausal women with relaxation of pelvic supports].

Objective: To investigate the changes in histological characteristics and collagen content in uterosacral and cardinal ligaments of perimenopausal women in relation to relaxation of pelvic supports.

Methods: Twenty-eight subjects undergoing hysterectomies were selected, in which 14 cases were perimenopausal women with relaxation of pelvic support as the relaxation group and 14 women at perimenopausal age with leomyoma, cervical cancer, adenomyosis as the control group. Samples of cardinal ligaments and uterosacral ligaments were obtained at hysterectomies, and the tissues were sliced and stained by Masson's trichrome technique.

Association of estrogen receptor alpha and interleukin-10 gene polymorphisms with endometriosis in a Chinese population.

Objective: To determine whether polymorphisms of the estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) genes are associated with endometriosis in a Chinese population.

Design: Association study.

Setting: University hospital.