Host plant-mediated effects on symbiont: implications for biological characteristics and nutritional metabolism of pea aphids ().

Introduction: The pea aphid, , is a typical sap-feeding insect and an important worldwide pest. There is a primary symbiont-, which can synthesize and provide some essential nutrients for its host. At the same time, the hosts also can actively adjust the density of bacterial symbiosis to cope with the changes in environmental and physiological factors.

Non-Negative Low-Rank Representation With Similarity Correction for Cell Type Identification in scRNA-Seq Data.

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) technology has emerged as a powerful tool to investigate cellular heterogeneity within tissues, organs, and organisms. One fundamental question pertaining to single-cell gene expression data analysis revolves around the identification of cell types, which constitutes a critical step within the data processing workflow. However, existing methods for cell type identification through learning low-dimensional latent embeddings often overlook the intercellular structural relationships.

In situ embedding of glucose oxidase in amorphous ZIF-7 with high catalytic activity and stability and mechanism investigation.

Glucose oxidase (GOx) has a great application potential in the determination of glucose concentration. However, its sensitivity to the environment and poor recyclability limited its broader application. Herein, with the assistance of DA-PEG-DA, a novel immobilized GOx based on amorphous Zn-MOFs (DA-PEG-DA/GOx@aZIF-7/PDA) was developed to impart excellent properties to the enzyme.

A Comprehensive Analysis for Expression, Diagnosis, and Prognosis of mC Regulator in Breast Cancer and Its ncRNA-mRNA Regulatory Mechanism.

Recent studies have well demonstrated that 5-methylcytosine (mC) regulators play pivotal roles in pathological conditions, including cancer. This study first tried to identify potential 5-methylcytosine (mC) regulators in breast cancer by combination of expression, diagnosis, and survival analyses, and then established an ncRNA-mRNA network accounting for mC regulators' roles in breast cancer. Among 13 mC regulators, DNMT3B and ALYREF were significantly upregulated in breast cancer and their high expression indicated unfavorable prognosis.

Impact of insulin therapy on outcomes of diabetic patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To compare clinical outcomes in diabetic patients with heart failure managed by insulin with those managed by non-insulin (oral hypoglycemic agents and/or lifestyle modification) based therapy.

Methods: PubMed and Scopus databases were searched for studies conducted on diabetic patients with heart failure. Studies were to compare outcomes of patients managed by insulin versus non-insulin therapies.

Inclisiran inhibits oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced foam cell formation in Raw264.7 macrophages via activating the PPARγ pathway.

Proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a well-known proprotein convertase that influences foam cell formation and modulates atherosclerosis. Inclisiran is a novel chemosynthetic small interfering RNA that inhibits PCSK9 synthesis. This study aimed to explore the effect of inclisiran on oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced foam cell formation in Raw264.

Development of an Inflammation-Related lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA Network Based on Competing Endogenous RNA in Breast Cancer at Single-Cell Resolution.

The role and mechanism of inflammation in breast cancer is unclear. This study aims to probe the relationship between inflammation and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and to stablish an inflammation-related competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in breast cancer. Inflammation-related lncRNAs and target genes were screened based on the data from four single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) studies and miRNAs were bioinformatically predicted according to ceRNA hypothesis.

Distinct expression pattern and prognostic values of pituitary tumor transforming gene family genes in non-small cell lung cancer.

Members of the pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG) family, including PTTG1, PTTG2 and PTTG3P, exhibit pivotal roles in the onset and progression of certain types of human cancer. However, to the best of our knowledge, a systematic study regarding the expression pattern and the prognostic values of PTTG family genes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains to be performed. The expression levels of PTTG family genes in NSCLC were successively determined using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis, UALCAN and Oncomine databases.

A novel antimicrobial polymer efficiently treats multidrug-resistant MRSA-induced bloodstream infection.

The present study aimed to ascertain if polymer 2a, a novel synthesized antimicrobial polyionene, could treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-induced bloodstream infection. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of polymer 2a against MRSA was detected. A time-kill assay was employed to determine the killing kinetic of polymer 2a.

In silico analysis excavates potential biomarkers by constructing miRNA-mRNA networks between non-cirrhotic HCC and cirrhotic HCC.

Background: Mounting evidences have demonstrated that HCC patients with or without cirrhosis possess different clinical characteristics, tumor development and prognosis. However, few studies directly investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms between non-cirrhotic HCC and cirrhotic HCC.

Methods: The clinical information and RNA-seq data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.

Five miRNAs-mediated PIEZO2 downregulation, accompanied with activation of Hedgehog signaling pathway, predicts poor prognosis of breast cancer.

Roles of Piezo-type mechanosensitive ion channel component 2 (PIEZO2) in cancer remain largely unknown. Herein, we explored PIEZO2 expression, prognosis and underlying mechanisms in cancer. Breast was selected as the candidate as its relatively higher expression level of PIEZO2 than other human tissues.

Identification of potential miRNA-mRNA regulatory network contributing to pathogenesis of HBV-related HCC.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the major risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Increasing evidence indicates that microRNA (miRNA)-mRNA axis is involved in HCC. However, a comprehensive miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in HBV-related HCC is still absent.

Identification of chemoresistance-associated miRNAs in breast cancer.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is an effective therapeutic regimen for patients with breast cancer. However, some individuals cannot benefit from NAC because of drug resistance. To date, valid strategies about enhancing sensitivity of breast cancer to NAC are still scarce.

MicroRNA regulation of liver cancer stem cells.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of emerging small non-coding RNAs, serve as vital players in modulating multiple biological processes via the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Dysregulated expression of miRNAs in liver cancer is well documented, and the involvement of miRNAs in liver cancer initiation and progression has also been described. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a subset of cells known to be at the root of cancer recurrence and resistance to therapy.

MicroRNAs in cancer metastasis and angiogenesis.

Cancer metastasis is a malignant process by which tumor cells migrate from their primary site of origin to other organs. It is the main cause of poor prognosis in cancer patients. Angiogenesis is the process of generating new blood capillaries from pre-existing vasculature.

Improvement of genome assembly completeness and identification of novel full-length protein-coding genes by RNA-seq in the giant panda genome.

High-quality and complete gene models are the basis of whole genome analyses. The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) genome was the first genome sequenced on the basis of solely short reads, but the genome annotation had lacked the support of transcriptomic evidence. In this study, we applied RNA-seq to globally improve the genome assembly completeness and to detect novel expressed transcripts in 12 tissues from giant pandas, by using a transcriptome reconstruction strategy that combined reference-based and de novo methods.

Cassava genome from a wild ancestor to cultivated varieties.

Cassava is a major tropical food crop in the Euphorbiaceae family that has high carbohydrate production potential and adaptability to diverse environments. Here we present the draft genome sequences of a wild ancestor and a domesticated variety of cassava and comparative analyses with a partial inbred line. We identify 1,584 and 1,678 gene models specific to the wild and domesticated varieties, respectively, and discover high heterozygosity and millions of single-nucleotide variations.

[Application of modified plaster material and device in acupoint plaster therapy].

Through the analysis on the methods of medicinal paste preparation, the irritation of skin to medicine and the plaster materials adopted in acupoint plaster therapy for the prevention of winter-attacked disease in summer, the acupoint plaster materials and devices were improved. According to the differences in age, illness condition, acupoint and medicinal irritation of patients, the high-dosage, moderate-dosage and low-dosage series of medicine were prepared in proportion; 2. 5 mL and 5 mL syringes were manually reconstructed as the pushers for the delivery of the medicine paste of different specifications.

Identification of human HK genes and gene expression regulation study in cancer from transcriptomics data analysis.

The regulation of gene expression is essential for eukaryotes, as it drives the processes of cellular differentiation and morphogenesis, leading to the creation of different cell types in multicellular organisms. RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) provides researchers with a powerful toolbox for characterization and quantification of transcriptome. Many different human tissue/cell transcriptome datasets coming from RNA-Seq technology are available on public data resource.

[Correlation of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase to radiation sensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma].

Objective: To assess the correlation of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) to radiation sensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods: Eighty randomly selected NPC patients were divided into high (+/++, n=62) and low (-/+/+, n=18) MGMT groups according to the results of MGMT detection using immunohistochemistry. All the patients received irradiation with external beam radiotherapy, and the radiation sensitivity of NPC was analyzed after the irradiation.

Characterization of the cheY genes from Leptospira interrogans and their effects on the behavior of Escherichia coli.

The motility and chemotaxis system are critical for the virulence of pathogenic leptospire, which enable them to penetrate host tissue barriers during infection. The completed genome sequence of a representative virulent serovar type strain (Lai) of Leptospira interrogans serogroups Icterohaemorrhagiae (L. interrogans strain Lai) suggested that there were multiple copies of putative chemotaxis homologues located at its large chromosome.

Characterization of cheW genes of Leptospira interrogans and their effects in Escherichia coli.

The motility and chemotaxis systems are critical for the virulence of leptospires. In this study, the phylogenetic profiles method was used to predict the interaction of chemotaxis proteins. It was shown that CheW1 links to CheA1, CheY, CheB and CheW2; CheW3 links to CheA2, MCP (LA2426), CheB3 and CheD1; and CheW2 links only to CheW1.

[Cytoplasmic expression of VP1 gene of coxsackievirus B3].

Objective: To increase the immune effect of gene vaccine, T7 RNA polymerase was used to establish a system of cytoplasmic expression.

Methods: (1) The plasmid pT7 EMCVP1, including T7 promoter sequence, 5'-untranslated sequence of encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus, VP1 sequence of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), was cotransfected with the plasmid pAR 3132, which codes for the T7 RNA polymerase, into HeLa cells and murine peritoneal macrophages. (2) The plasmid pT7 EMCVP1 and pAR 3132 were respectively transformed into the attenuated Salmonella typhimurium SL 7207.