Phaseolus lunatusL. polysaccharide microneedles loaded with sinomenine hydrochloride for synergistic rheumatoid arthritis management and analgesia.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease. In the clinical treatment of RA, the anti-rheumatoid drug sinomenine hydrochloride (SIN) was administered as tablets or injections. It has low oral bioavailability, dose-dependent adverse reactions, poor patient compliance with injections, and fails to resolve patients' early pain problems.

Impact of salinity gradients on nitric oxide emissions and functional microbes in estuarine wetland sediments.

Estuarine wetland sediments are hotspots for nitrogen cycling and critical sources of atmospheric nitric oxide (NO). Yet studies on the impact of sediment salinity gradients on NO emissions and associated functional microbes at the land-ocean interface remain limited. Here, we measured sediment NO emission rates from incubated sediment samples that were collected from an estuarine wetland in Qingdao, China.

Validation Status of Electronic Sphygmomanometers in China: A National Survey.

Background: Although the information on the validation status of electronic sphygmomanometer (ES) devices in use in health care institutions and households is much more clinically relevant than that of ES models available on the market, it remains insufficient.

Methods: A national survey was conducted across all administrative regions of mainland China to assess the validation status of ESs. Fifty-eight cities were selected with stratification by municipality, provincial capital, and other cities, and health care institutions and households in each city were chosen by convenience to identify ES devices in use according to the study protocol.

The protein kinase C modulator bryostatin-1 therapeutically targets microglia to attenuate neuroinflammation and promote remyelination.

In multiple sclerosis (MS), microglia and macrophages within the central nervous system (CNS) play an important role in determining the balance among demyelination, neurodegeneration, and myelin repair. Phagocytic and regenerative functions of these CNS innate immune cells support remyelination, whereas chronic and maladaptive inflammatory activation promotes lesion expansion and disability, particularly in the progressive forms of MS. No currently approved drugs convincingly target microglia and macrophages within the CNS, contributing to the lack of therapies aimed at promoting remyelination and slowing disease progression for individuals with MS.

Dissecting the evolving cellular landscape of a remyelinating microenvironment.

Demyelination, or the loss of myelin in the central nervous system (CNS) is a hallmark of multiple sclerosis (MS) and occurs in various forms of CNS injury and neurodegenerative diseases. The regeneration of myelin, or remyelination, occurs spontaneously following demyelination. The lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)-induced focal demyelination model enables investigations into the mechanisms of remyelination, providing insight into the molecular basis underlying an evolving remyelinating microenvironment over a tractable time course.

Co-culture Model Using Two Types of Adherent Cell Lines.

Embryo implantation is affected by the interactions among different cell types in the mother-embryo interface. The direct and indirect communications between various cell types within the decidua are crucial for regulating endometrial receptivity; however, the molecular mechanisms mediating this interaction are still unclear. In this regard, a model to study the implantation process is needed to establish a comprehensive in vitro model that can recapitulate the biology of endometrial epithelium-stroma interaction.

Artificial intelligence application in the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer: advance, challenges, and opportunities.

Bladder cancer (BC) is a serious and common malignant tumor of the urinary system. Accurate and convenient diagnosis and treatment of BC is a major challenge for the medical community. Due to the limited medical resources, the existing diagnosis and treatment protocols for BC without the assistance of artificial intelligence (AI) still have certain shortcomings.

The use of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy-guided microwave ablation in patients with multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules: a retrospective study of 26 cases.

Background: To treat multiple bilateral ground-glass opacities (GGOs), surgical treatments and electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB)-guided ablation therapy are recommended therapeutic measures. However, the differences between bilateral and unilateral ablation, with or without surgery, remain unknown. This study aims to evaluate the differences in efficacy among various strategies.

Transcriptomic analysis reveals the mechanism underlying salinity-induced morphological changes in .

Diatom cell walls are diverse and unique, providing the basis for species identification and supporting the ecological and economic value of diatoms. However, these important structures sometimes change in response to environmental fluctuations, especially under salt adaptation. Although studies have shown that salinity induces morphological plasticity changes in diatom cell walls, most research has focused on physiological responses rather than molecular mechanisms.

Belimumab safety in adult and paediatric Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A Phase 4, multicentre, observational study.

Objective: Although belimumab has been widely used in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) globally, real-world safety data among Chinese patients are limited, particularly for children. This study assessed the safety and tolerability of belimumab in adult and paediatric patients with SLE in China in real-world clinical practice.

Methods: This Phase 4, multicentre, prospective, observational study enrolled patients prescribed intravenous belimumab by their physicians in tertiary hospitals, independent of a clinical study, during routine clinical visits between May 2021 and May 2022.

Inter-annual and spatial variations of air-sea CO fluxes and acidification mechanism in the coastal waters of Qingdao, China during 2011-2019.

The interplay of global climate change and anthropogenic activities has significantly affected the carbon cycle in coastal ocean environments. Consequently, further investigation into the carbonate system, carbon source and sink processes, and acidification mechanisms is essential. This study examined the surface carbonate system offshore of Qingdao, utilizing data from nine spring cruises in 2011-2019.

Screening of Cancer-Specific Biomarkers for Hepatitis B-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on a Proteome Microarray.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with one of the highest mortality rates among cancers, rendering its early diagnosis clinically invaluable. Serum biomarkers, specifically alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), represent the most promising and widely used diagnostic biomarkers for HCC. However, its detection rate is low in the early stages of HCC progression, and distinguishing specific false positives for other liver-related diseases, such as cirrhosis and acute hepatitis, remains challenging.

Causal linkage of Graves' disease with aging: Mendelian randomization analysis of telomere length and age-related phenotypes.

Background: Aging is an irreversible progressive decline in physical function. Graves' disease (GD) is a common cause of hyperthyroidism and is characterized by elevated levels of the thyroid hormone (TH). High TH levels are associated with aging and a shortened lifespan.

Development and validation of a set of wheelchair finite element models in frontal, side, and rear impact conditions.

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop and validate finite element (FE) models of commercial manual and power wheelchairs, as well as related test fixtures and tiedown hardware, to provide tools for designing integrated wheelchair seating stations for automated and other vehicles.

Methods: The manual wheelchair model is based on a Ki Mobility Catalyst 5, and the power wheelchair is based on a Quantum Rehab Q6 Edge 2.0 with Synergy Seating.

Efficient injury risk predictions for a diverse population using parametric human modeling and inducing points in Gaussian processes.

Objective: The objective of this study is to use parametric human modeling and machine learning methods to identify representative occupants that can account for injury variations among a more diverse population with a limited simulation budget.

Method: A maximal projection method was used to sample 100 occupants, considering the variations in stature, weight, and sitting height. An automated mesh morphing method was used to morph the THUMS v4.

Spatial transcriptomics of meningeal inflammation reveals inflammatory gene signatures in adjacent brain parenchyma.

While modern high efficacy disease modifying therapies have revolutionized the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, they are less effective at controlling progressive forms of the disease. Meningeal inflammation is a recognized risk factor for cortical gray matter pathology which can result in disabling symptoms such as cognitive impairment and depression, but the mechanisms linking meningeal inflammation and gray matter pathology remain unclear. Here, we performed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided spatial transcriptomics in a mouse model of autoimmune meningeal inflammation to characterize the transcriptional signature in areas of meningeal inflammation and the underlying brain parenchyma.

Temporal recall in the shadow of emotion: separate emotional contexts during encoding enhance the temporal source memory retrieval.

Episodic memory, with its emphasis on temporal-spatial contexts, has been a longstanding focus in memory research. While previous studies have investigated the role of emotion in temporal source memory using emotionally charged stimuli, such as emotional words or images, the influence of a separated emotional context remains less explored. This study sought to understand the impact of separate emotional contexts on temporal source memory.

Nitrogen oxides emissions from coastal wetland sediments: Experimental assessment of the influence of vegetation and nitrogen input.

Nitrogen oxides (NO = NO + NO) have essential impacts on global climate and the environment, making it essential to study the contribution of wetland-generated NO to environmental problems. With exogenous nitrogen input from anthropogenic activities, wetland sediments become active emission hotspots for NO. In this study, we conducted field experiments in a typical salt marsh wetland to measure nitric oxide (NO, the primary component of NO from sediments) exchange fluxes in both mudflat and vegetated sediments.

Enhancing moisture-resistance in polyimide aerogels: A novel hydrophobic modification approach with ortho-positioned long-chain barriers.

Polyimide (PI) aerogels possess significant potential for various applications due to their outstanding mechanics and thermal insulation. However, a major drawback of these aerogels is their susceptibility to moisture, which not only compromises their insulative performance but also leads to an increase in weight. To address this issue, we have developed a moisture-resistance technique by incorporating a long-chain hydrophobic barrier at the ortho position relative to the imide groups to enhance the moisture-resistance of the PI aerogels.

Analysis of the aging-related biomarker in a nonhuman primate model using multilayer omics.

Background: Aging is a prominent risk factor for diverse diseases; therefore, an in-depth understanding of its physiological mechanisms is required. Nonhuman primates, which share the closest genetic relationship with humans, serve as an ideal model for exploring the complex aging process. However, the potential of the nonhuman primate animal model in the screening of human aging markers is still not fully exploited.

Impact of ophthalmic clinical service use in mitigating myopia onset and progression in preschool children: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Although school screenings identify children with vision problems and issue referrals for medical treatment at an ophthalmic hospital, the effectiveness of this approach remains unverified.

Objective: To investigate the impact of ophthalmic clinical services on the onset and progression of myopia in preschool children identified with vision impairment.

Methods: Using data from the Shanghai Child and Adolescent Large-scale Eye Study (SCALE), this retrospective cohort study evaluated the visual development of children from three districts-Jing'an, Minhang, and Pudong-which are representative of geographic diversity and economic disparity in Shanghai's 17 districts.