Biological structures exhibit autonomous and intelligent behaviors, such as movement, perception, and responses to environmental changes, through dynamic interactions with their surroundings. Inspired by natural organisms, future soft robots are also advancing toward autonomy, sustainability, and interactivity. This review summarizes the latest achievements in untethered soft robots based on 1D and 2D nanomaterials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurrently, the development of polymeric hole-transporting materials (HTMs) lags behind that of small-molecule HTMs in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). A critical challenge is that conventional polymeric HTMs are incapable of forming ultra-thin and conformal coatings like self-assembly monolayers (SAMs), especially for substrates with rough surface morphology. Herein, we address this challenge by designing anchorable polymeric HTMs (CP1 to CP5).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn the post-pandemic era, research on respiratory diseases should refocus on pathogens other than the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Respiratory pathogens, highly infectious to children, with to different modes of infection, such as single-pathogen infections and co-infections. Understanding the seasonal patterns of these pathogens, alongside identifying single infections and co-infections and their impact on the pediatric immune status, is crucial for clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in children.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThiabendazole (TBZ) residues in food pose a serious threat to public health. Herein, an ultrasensitive molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor (MIECLS) was developed to detect TBZ, using electron autoregulation in nitrogen-doped graphdiyne‑copper nanowires (NGDY-CuNWs) composite luminophore and cyclic amplification strategy of tin disulfide nanosheets (SnSNSs). NGDY-CuNWs composite luminophores were formed by spontaneous chemisorption to provide electrochemiluminescence signals, and the charge redistribution in it resulted in a built-in potential that improved the electron transfer and redox reaction rate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA novel molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor (MIECS) was constructed for the specific detection of sulfadiazine (SDZ) in food. Niobium carbide (NbCTx) as a typical two-dimensional lamellar nanomaterial has good electrical conductivity and unique structure, which was assembled with one-dimensional silver nanowires (AgNWs) to form quasi-three-dimensional composite nanomaterials (NbCTx/AgNWs). As spacer material, AgNWs prevented the aggregation of NbCTx and the collapse of NbCTx layers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Napping deprivation in habitual nappers leads to cognitive impairment. The ameliorative effect of acute aerobic exercise has been demonstrated for this post-cognitive impairment. However, it is still unclear which intensity of aerobic exercise is the most effective and how long this improvement can be sustained.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicromachines (Basel)
August 2024
In order to introduce the magnetic field into micro electrical machining technology to explore the influence of magnetic field on micro electrical machining, the development of a precision controllable magnetic field-assisted platform is particularly important. This platform needs to precisely control the spatial magnetic field. This study first completes the hardware design and construction of the magnetic field generation device, using electromagnetic coils with soft iron cores as the sources of the magnetic field.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShift work tolerance (SWT) refers to the ability to adapt to shift work without significant adverse consequences. The present study aimed to examine the individual differences in SWT and their predictors and outcomes. Latent profile analyses were conducted using cross-sectional data collected form 448 Chinese male sailors who experienced a prolonged (>30 d) non-24-h rotating shift schedule at sea.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhonghua Yi Xue Yi Chuan Xue Za Zhi
April 2024
Cemented carbide used in the rotor of a mud pulser is subjected to the scouring action of solid particles and corrosive mud media for a long time, which causes abrasive wear and electrochemical corrosion. To improve the wear and corrosive resistance of cemented carbide, samples with different cobalt content (WC-5Co, WC-8Co, and WC-10Co) receive deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) at -196 °C for 2.5 h.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFormamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI) represents an optimal absorber material in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), while the application of FAPbI in inverted-structured PSCs has yet to be successful, mainly owing to its inferior film-forming on hydrophobic or defective hole-transporting substrates. Herein, we report a substantial improvement of FAPbI-based inverted PSCs, which is realized by a multifunctional amphiphilic molecular hole-transporter, (2-(4-(10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)phenyl)-1-cyanovinyl)phosphonic acid (PTZ-CPA). The phenothiazine (PTZ) based PTZ-CPA, carrying a cyanovinyl phosphonic acid (CPA) group, forms a superwetting hole-selective underlayer that enables facile deposition of high-quality FAPbI thin films.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDirect interaction with the defect sites of perovskite, functional groups have become the focal point of attention as passivating agents. However, the molecular parent nucleus determines the overall physical properties of the molecule, including the push-pull electronic characteristics of the functional groups, which poses significant challenges in terms of selectivity. Here, we discovered that the binary acid structure based on thiophene as the parent nucleus, due to changes in molecular symmetry, caused significant changes in the molecular dipole moment, resulting in significant changes in the passivation effects on under-coordinated Pb in perovskite solar cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZr-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have many unique properties. Due to their excellent performance and manufacturing process, they have become a research focus in the material science community. Electrolyte Jet Machining (EJM) is a non-contact electrochemical processing method with high surface integrity and high material removal rate (MRR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicromachines (Basel)
November 2023
Zr-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) possess unique mechanical and biochemical properties, which have been widely noticed. Jet electrochemical machining (jet-ECM), characterized by a high-speed jet, is a non-contact subtractive method with a high resolution and a high material removal rate (MRR). Past work on the electropolishing of Zr-based BMGs has indicated the feasibility of the NaCl-Ethylene Glycol (EG) electrolyte.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The predictive and protective effect of hardiness on mental health remains unclear among shift workers on non-24-h working schedules. The present study aimed to investigate the independent and joint trajectories of depression and anxiety symptoms and the role of hardiness during a prolonged period of non-24-h shift working schedule.
Methods: Four hundred nine Chinese male sailors (working on 18-h watchstanding schedule) were recruited and completed all 5-wave tests through online questionnaires (at Day 1, 14, 28, 42, 55, respectively) during a 55-day sailing.
Sleep problems among shift workers have emerged as a public health concern in recent years. However, few validation studies of self-reported sleep quality questionnaires were performed among shift workers. The present study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Brief Version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (B-PSQI) in a shift workers sample.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) is a material that is extensively applied for water pollution treatment, but its poor dispersibility, easy oxidation, and inconvenient collection limit its application. To overcome these drawbacks and limit secondary contamination of nanomaterials, we confine NZVI supported by reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in the scaffold of sodium alginate (SA) gel beads (SA/NZVI-rGO). Scanning electron microscopy showed that the NZVI was uniformly dispersed in the gel beads.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this work, a hollow-core anti-resonant terahertz (THz) fiber with elliptical cladding and nested tubes is proposed and fabricated. It is an effective way to reduce the loss of THz waves by transmitting them in an air core and breaking the material absorption. After parameter optimization of the initial structure, multiple transmission windows exist in the 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFor metal halide perovskite solar cells, bidentate passivation (BP) is highly effective, but currently, only passivation sites rather than molecular environments are being considered. Here, the authors report an effective approach for high-performance fully printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (FP-PSCs) through the BP strategy using the multidentate molecule 6-chloropurine (6-CP). By utilizing density functional theory (DFT) calculations, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) characterizations, the competition mechanism is identified of BP between the chlorine atom and neighboring nitrogen atom of the imidazole and pyrimidine rings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10) is a widely used assessment of resilience. However, psychometric properties of the Chinese version of CD-RISC-10 have not been well investigated in a Chinese military personnel sample.
Methods: A total of 3,129 Chinese military personnel completed the CD-RISC-10, Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS).
Background And Aim: Problematic smartphone use (PSU) has become a global public health problem. Excessive while-in-bed smartphone use may result in poor sleep quality. The present study aimed to examine whether restricting while-in-bed smartphone use can improve sleep quality and the mediating role of pre-sleep cognitive arousal in this process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study implemented a longitudinal self-control intervention experiment to examine whether limiting bedtime smartphone use can improve next-day working memory among individuals with problematic smartphone use (PSU). 156 Chinese undergraduates with PSU completed the 6-day experiment (3 nights for intervention condition and 2 nights for control condition). All participants were asked to complete N-back tests in the afternoon everyday during the experiment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFvan der Waals heterostructures are widely used in the field of photocatalysis due to the fact that their properties can be regulated an external electric field, strain engineering, interface rotation, alloying, doping, to promote the capacity of discrete photogenerated carriers. Herein, we fabricated an innovative heterostructure by piling monolayer GaN on isolated WSe. Subsequently, a first principles calculation based on density functional theory was performed to verify the two-dimensional GaN/WSe heterostructure and explore its interface stability, electronic property, carrier mobility and photocatalytic performance.
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