miR-34a deficiency in APP/PS1 mice promotes cognitive function by increasing synaptic plasticity via AMPA and NMDA receptors.

MicroRNA (miR)-34a was recently determined to contribute to the pathological development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). miR-34a deficiency significantly attenuates cognitive deficits in amyloid precursor protein (APP)/presenilin 1 (PS1) mice; however, its role in early AD pathology and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we confirmed that the increase of miR-34a expression in APP/PS1 mice was earlier than the relevant AD pathological characteristics, such as amyloid-β production, amyloid plaque deposition, and cognitive deficits.

Efficacy and safety of computer-assisted stereotactic transplantation of human retinal pigment epithelium cells in the treatment of Parkinson disease.

Objective: This study explores the efficacy and safety of computer-assisted stereotactic transplantation of human retinal pigment epithelium (hRPE) cells in the treatment of Parkinson disease (PD).

Methods: Guided by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging image mergence, we transplanted 4 × 10 hRPE cells into the putamina and lateral ventricles of 17 PD cases by stereotactic surgery. The transplantation site was located in the contralateral side of the symptoms and signs.