Folding an RCA Scaffold into an Intelligent Coiled Nanosnake for Precise/Synergistic RNAi-/Chemotherapy of Cancer.

An RCA product is a promising scaffold for the construction of DNA nanostructures, but so far, there is no RCA scaffold-based dynamic reconfigurable nanorobot for biological applications. In this contribution, we develop an intracellular stimuli-responsive reconfigurable coiled DNA nanosnake (N-Snake) by using incomplete aptamer-functionalized (A) DNA tetrahedrons (T) to fold a long tandemly repetitive DNA strand synthesized by rolling circle amplification reaction (R) with the help of palindromic fragment (P). A DNA-assembled product, ARTP, including spiked aptamers, can retain the structural integrity even if exposed to fetal bovine serum (FBS) for 24 h and displays substantially enhanced target molecule-dependent cellular internalization efficiency.

Single-cell dissection reveals immunosuppressive F13A1+ macrophage as a hallmark for multiple primary lung cancers.

Background: The increasing prevalence of multiple primarylung cancers (MPLCs) presents challenges to current diagnostic and clinicalmanagement approaches. However, the molecular mechanisms driving MPLCdevelopment and distinguishing it from solitary primary lung cancers (SPLCs)remain largely unexplored.

Methods: We performed a comparative single-cell RNAsequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis on tumour and adjacent para-tumour tissues fromMPLC and SPLC patients to comparatively evaluate their immunological landscapes.

Convolutional neural networks combined with classification algorithms for the diagnosis of periodontitis.

Objectives: We aim to develop a deep learning model based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) combined with a classification algorithm (CA) to assist dentists in quickly and accurately diagnosing the stage of periodontitis.

Materials And Methods: Periapical radiographs (PERs) and clinical data were collected. The CNNs including Alexnet, VGG16, and ResNet18 were trained on PER to establish the PER-CNN models for no periodontal bone loss (PBL) and PBL.

Transanal Total Mesorectal Excision With Delayed Coloanal Anastomosis (TaTME-DCAA) Versus Laparoscopic Total Mesorectal Excision (LTME) and Robotic Total Mesorectal Excision (RTME) for Low Rectal Cancer: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of Short-term Outcomes, Bowel Function, and Cost.

Introduction: Total mesorectal excision (TME) with delayed coloanal anastomosis (DCAA) is surgical option for low rectal cancer, replacing conventional immediate coloanal anastomosis (ICAA) with bowel diversion. This study aimed to assess the outcomes of transanal TME (TaTME) with DCAA versus laparoscopic TME (LTME) with ICAA versus robotic TME (RTME) with ICAA.

Methods: This was a retrospective propensity score-matched analysis of patients who underwent elective TaTME-DCAA between November 2021 and June 2022.

Multimodal prerehabilitation for elderly patients with sarcopenia in colorectal surgery.

Sarcopenia, which is characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, has been well described to be associated with numerous poor postoperative outcomes, such as increased perioperative mortality, postoperative sepsis, prolonged length of stay, increased cost of care, decreased functional outcome, and poorer oncological outcomes in cancer surgery. Multimodal prehabilitation, as a concept that involves boosting and optimizing the preoperative condition of a patient prior to the upcoming stressors of a surgical procedure, has the purported benefits of reversing the effects of sarcopenia, shortening hospitalization, improving the rate of return to bowel activity, reducing the costs of hospitalization, and improving quality of life. This review aims to present the current literature surrounding the concept of sarcopenia, its implications pertaining to colorectal cancer and surgery, a summary of studied multimodal prehabilitation interventions, and potential future advances in the management of sarcopenia.

Cryo-EM structure of the fatty acid reductase LuxC-LuxE complex provides insights into bacterial bioluminescence.

The discovery of reduced flavin mononucleotide and fatty aldehydes as essential factors of light emission facilitated study of bacterial luminescence. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying bacterial luminescence have been studied for more than 60 years, the structure of the bacterial fatty acid reductase complex remains unclear. Here, we report the cryo-EM structure of the Photobacterium phosphoreum fatty acid reductase complex LuxC-LuxE to a resolution of 2.

Hybridization chain reaction and its applications in biosensing.

To pursue the sensitive and efficient detection of informative biomolecules for bioanalysis and disease diagnosis, a series of signal amplification techniques have been put forward. Among them, hybridization chain reaction (HCR) is an isothermal and enzyme-free process where the cascade reaction of hybridization events is initiated by a target analyte, yielding a long nicked dsDNA molecule analogous to alternating copolymers. Compared with conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that can proceed only with the aid of polymerases and complicated thermal cycling, HCR has attracted increasing attention because it can occur under mild conditions without using enzymes.

Editor's Choice - Decrease in Mortality from Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (2001 to 2015): Is it Decreasing Even Faster?

Objective: The early twenty first century witnessed a decrease in mortality from abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), which was associated with variations in the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. This study investigated whether these trends continued into the second decade of the twenty first century.

Methods: Information on AAA mortality (2001 - 2015) using International Classification of Diseases codes was extracted from the World Health Organization (WHO) mortality database.

The hierarchical assembly of a multi-level DNA ring-based nanostructure in a precise order and its application for screening tumor cells.

DNA nanotechnology can be used to precisely construct nanostructures of different shapes, sizes and surface chemistry, which is appreciated in a variety of areas such as biomaterials, nanodevices, disease diagnosis, imaging, and drug delivery. Enzymatic degradation resistance and cell-targeting capability are indispensable for the applications of DNA nanostructures in biological and biomedical fields, and is challenging to rationally design the desirable nanoscale DNA materials suitable for the clinical translation by the existing assembly methodologies. Herein, we present a simple and efficient method for the hierarchical assembly of a three-level DNA ring-based nanostructure (DNA h-Nanoring) in a precise order, where DNA compositions at the primary level, the second level and the third level are a single DNA ring, two-ring-hybridized duplex and uniform complex macro-cycle, respectively.

Tibiofemoral Contact Mechanics After Horizontal or Ripstop Suture in Inside-Out and Transtibial Repair for Meniscus Radial Tears in a Porcine Model.

Purpose: To compare tibiofemoral contact mechanics after horizontal or ripstop (horizontal plus vertical) sutures in inside-out and transtibial repair for meniscal radial tears with 10 porcine knees in each group.

Methods: Ten matched pairs of porcine knees were tested under a 1500-N axial compressive load at 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion. Each knee underwent 4 testing conditions consecutively: (1) intact, (2) medial meniscal radial tear, (3) horizontal suture repair configuration, and (4) ripstop suture repair configuration.

Results of a colorectal enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programme and a qualitative analysis of healthcare workers' perspectives.

Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is a structured programme using a multimodal, evidence-based approach to improve post-operative outcomes. Successful implementation of ERAS can be challenging. We aimed to evaluate our initial experience with colorectal ERAS and explore the perspectives of specialist doctors and nurses.

Intracellular Nonenzymatic Growth of Three-Dimensional DNA Nanostructures for Imaging Specific Biomolecules in Living Cells.

Real-time monitoring of low-abundance cancer biomarkers ( miRNAs and proteins) in living cells by nonenzymatic assembly entirely from original DNA probes remains unexplored due to an extremely complex intracellular environment. Herein, a nonenzymatic palindrome-catalyzed DNA assembly (NEPA) technique is developed to execute the imaging of intracellular miRNAs by assembling a three-dimensional nanoscale DNA spherical structure (NS) with low mobility from three free hairpin-type DNAs rather than from DNA intermediates based on the interaction of designed terminal palindromes. Target miRNA was detected down to 1.

Hole superiority effect with 3D figures formed by binocular disparity.

The global-first theory of topological perception claims that topological perception is prior to the perception of local features (e.g., Chen, 1982, 2005).

A coordinate-based meta-analysis of the n-back working memory paradigm using activation likelihood estimation.

The n-back task is a classical paradigm for functional neuroimaging studies of working memory (WM). The frontal and parietal cortical regions are known to be activated during the task. We used activation likelihood estimation (ALE) to conduct a quantitative meta-analysis of 96 primary studies of n-back task variants based on four conditions: memory loads (1-back, 2-back), object (identity, location), age (younger, older) and gender (male, female).