Biocontrol of plant parasitic nematodes by bacteria and fungi: a multi-omics approach for the exploration of novel nematicides in sustainable agriculture.

Plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) pose a significant threat to global crop productivity, causing an estimated annual loss of US $157 billion in the agriculture industry. While synthetic chemical nematicides can effectively control PPNs, their overuse has detrimental effects on human health and the environment. Biocontrol agents (BCAs), such as bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere, are safe and promising alternatives for PPNs control.

Bacterial and Fungal Biocontrol Agents for Plant Disease Protection: Journey from Lab to Field, Current Status, Challenges, and Global Perspectives.

Plants are constantly exposed to various phytopathogens such as fungi, Oomycetes, nematodes, bacteria, and viruses. These pathogens can significantly reduce the productivity of important crops worldwide, with annual crop yield losses ranging from 20% to 40% caused by various pathogenic diseases. While the use of chemical pesticides has been effective at controlling multiple diseases in major crops, excessive use of synthetic chemicals has detrimental effects on the environment and human health, which discourages pesticide application in the agriculture sector.

Band alignment of ZnO-based nanorod arrays for enhanced visible light photocatalytic performance.

A ternary semiconductor ZnO/MoS/AgS nanorod array in an intimate core-shell structure was synthesized on glass substrates. The physicochemical properties and photocatalytical performance of the specimen were characterized and compared with single ZnO and binary ZnO/AgS and ZnO/MoS nanorod arrays. It is found that the coating layers depressed the band edge emission of the ZnO core, improved light absorption in the visible range, reduced charge transfer resistance, and increased photocatalytic activity.

Enhanced Faraday effects of magneto-plasmonic crystals with plasmonic hexagonal hole arrays.

Magneto-optical (MO) properties of the bilayed Au/BIG and trilayered Au/BIG/Au magneto-plasmonic crystals (MPCs) were analyzed by the finite-difference time-domain method. In contrast to the low deflection angle and transmission of the smooth thin film, all the heterostructures with perforated holes in the top Au film displayed a similar trend with two strong resonant bands in Faraday rotation and transmittance in the near infrared wavelength range. The bands and electric distribution relative to the component and hole structure were revealed.

MicroRNA-449 targets histone deacetylase 1 to regulate the proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of synovial fibroblasts in rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic joint disease. The study aimed to explore the effects of microRNA (miR)-449 and histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) on the proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis of synovial fibroblasts in rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods: Synovial tissue was collected from 20 patients with RA and 20 patients with osteoarthritis (OA) who underwent joint replacement surgery.

Recent advances and perspectives in photo-induced enhanced Raman spectroscopy.

Phototreatment is at the leading edge of a research hot topic as a driving force for structural transformation, spectral and electromagnetism improvements, and the functional performance of nanomaterials. Light irradiation can excite surface plasmons in noble metal nanoparticles, create electron-hole pairs, and produce charge transfer in semiconductor substrates, which have led to it being widely used in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for life sciences, environmental protection, and biological analysis. Photo-induced enhanced Raman spectroscopy (PIERS) is a new technology developed on the basis of traditional SERS and has proven to be an efficient way to resolve several critical challenges thanks to its incomparable superiority for incontiguous operation, efficient charge separation and enrichment, and a large signal enhancement for a wide range of biomolecules at the trace level.

Bioinformatic analysis of chromatin organization and biased expression of duplicated genes between two poplars with a common whole-genome duplication.

The nonrandom three-dimensional organization of chromatin plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression. However, it remains unclear whether this organization is conserved and whether it is involved in regulating gene expression during speciation after whole-genome duplication (WGD) in plants. In this study, high-resolution interaction maps were generated using high-throughput chromatin conformation capture (Hi-C) techniques for two poplar species, Populus euphratica and Populus alba var.

Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) inhibition modulates bone loss and matrix metalloproteinase expression levels in collagen-induced rheumatoid arthritis rat.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a main characterized by persistent synovitis, systemic inflammation, and autoantibodies. Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase and is a crucial cytoplasm signal adaptor that can regulate critical biological processes. This research aims to explore the function of TRAF6 on bone loss and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression in collagen-induced RA rats.

Exploring the computational methods for protein-ligand binding site prediction.

Proteins participate in various essential processes via interactions with other molecules. Identifying the residues participating in these interactions not only provides biological insights for protein function studies but also has great significance for drug discoveries. Therefore, predicting protein-ligand binding sites has long been under intense research in the fields of bioinformatics and computer aided drug discovery.

[A method for determination of trace naphthalene and phenanthrene in water using constant-wavelength synchronous fluorescence spectrometry].

In view of synchronous fluorescence possessing the character of good selectivity, high sensitivity, less interference, etc. it can be used for simultaneous determination of multi-component mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). A new method of constant-wavelength synchronous fluorescence spectrometry to determine two naphthalene and phenanthrene of PAHs was developed in this study.

[Synthesis and spectral studies of functionalized L-Cys-CdS nanoparticles as fluorescence probes].

In this work, nano-CdS was successfully prepared. The nano-CdS was also modified with L-cysteine. Absorption and fluorescence spectra of CdS nanoparticles for different pH values, reaction times and different Cys/Cd2+/S ratios were investigated.