Food packaging films from natural polysaccharides and protein hydrogels: A comprehensive review.

The development of innovative, biodegradable food packaging materials to combat plastic pollution has garnered significant attention from scholars and government agencies worldwide. Natural polysaccharides and proteins exhibit excellent modifiability, biodegradability, high ductility, and compatibility with food products, making them ideal candidates for constructing hydrogels. Hydrogel films based on these biopolymers have opened new research horizons in food packaging applications.

Design and Engineering of Silver Nanomushroom Arrays as a Universal Solid-State SERS Platform for the Label-Free, Sensitive, and Quantitative Detection of Trace Proteins.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is an ultrasensitive optical technique that is critical for protein detection and essential for identifying protein structure and concentrations in various biomedical and diagnostic applications. However, achieving highly sensitive and reproducible SERS signals for label-free proteins remains challenging due to their weak Raman signals and structural complexity. In this study, silver nanomushroom arrays (Ag NMAs) as SERS substrates were readily prepared and surface-engineered using a facile template-assisted micro- and nanofabrication approach.

Melatonin decreases excessive polyspermy for single oocyte in pigs through the MT2 receptor.

Melatonin supplementation during in vitro maturation (IVM) improves porcine oocyte maturation and embryonic development by exerting antioxidative effects. Nevertheless, the mechanism by which melatonin prevents polyspermy after in vitro fertilization (IVF) remains unclear. Here, we examined the effects of melatonin on cytoplasmic maturation and the incidence of polyspermic penetration in porcine oocytes.

Corrigendum: Pretreatment level of serum sialic acid predicts both qualitative and quantitative bone metastases of prostate cancer.

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Decoding plant-induced transcriptomic variability and consistency in two related polyphagous mites differing in host ranges.

The diet breadth of generalist herbivores when compared to specialists tends to be associated with greater transcriptional plasticity. Here, we consider whether it may also contribute to variation in host range among two generalists with different levels of polyphagy. We examined two related polyphagous spider mites with different host ranges, Tetranychus urticae (1200 plants) and Tetranychus truncatus (90 plants).

A chromosome-level genome assembly of the spider mite Tetranychus piercei McGregor.

Despite the rapid advances in sequencing technology, limited genomic resources are currently available for phytophagous spider mites, which include many important agricultural pests. One of these pests is Tetranychus piercei (McGregor), a serious banana pest in East Asia exhibiting remarkable tolerance to high temperature. In this study, we assembled a high-quality genome of T.

Phylogenomics resolves the higher-level phylogeny of herbivorous eriophyoid mites (Acariformes: Eriophyoidea).

Background: Eriophyoid mites (Eriophyoidea) are among the largest groups in the Acariformes; they are strictly phytophagous. The higher-level phylogeny of eriophyoid mites, however, remains unresolved due to the limited number of available morphological characters-some of them are homoplastic. Nevertheless, the eriophyoid mites sequenced to date showed highly variable mitochondrial (mt) gene orders, which could potentially be useful for resolving the higher-level phylogenetic relationships.

Pretreatment level of serum sialic acid predicts both qualitative and quantitative bone metastases of prostate cancer.

Background: Recently, serum sialic acid (SA) has emerged as a distinct prognostic marker for prostate cancer (PCa) and bone metastases, warranting differential treatment and prognosis for low-volume (LVD) and high-volume disease (HVD). In clinical settings, evaluating bone metastases can prove advantageous.

Objectives: We aimed to establish the correlation between SA and both bone metastasis and HVD in newly diagnosed PCa patients.

A Comparative Analysis of Selection Pressures Suffered by Mitochondrial Genomes in Two Planthopper Species with Divergent Climate Distributions.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been widely used as a valuable tool in studies related to evolution and population genetics, under the implicit assumption of neutral evolution. However, recent studies suggest that natural selection also plays a significant role in shaping mitochondrial genome evolution, although the specific driving forces remain elusive. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether and how climate influences mitochondrial genome evolution by comparing the selection pressures acting on mitochondrial genomes between two rice planthoppers, (Horváth) and (Fallén), which have different climate distributions.

Sirtuin 3-mediated deacetylation of superoxide dismutase 2 ameliorates sodium fluoride-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in porcine oocytes.

Fluoride exerts detrimental effects on germ cells and increases the infertility rate in women. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms behind the developmental abnormalities caused by fluoride in oocytes remain poorly comprehended. The current study, we established mitochondrial damage model in oocytes via 50 μg/mL sodium fluoride (NaF) supplementation.

The diagnostic effectiveness of serum sialic acid predicts both qualitative and quantitative prostate cancer in patients with prostate-specific antigen between 4 and 20 ng/mL.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the serum biochemical index, including alkaline phosphatase (AKP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), α-L-fucosidase (AFU), serum sialic acid (SA), and fibrinogen (FIB), for prostate cancer (PCa) and clinically significant prostate cancer (CSPCa) in patients with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) value between 4 and 20 ng/mL.

Patients And Methods: This study retrospectively examined the clinical data of 408 eligible patients who underwent prostate biopsies in our hospital between March 2015 and July 2022. CSPCa was defined as a "Gleason grade group of≥2".

Application of Hyperspectral Imaging as a Nondestructive Technology for Identifying Tomato Maturity and Quantitatively Predicting Lycopene Content.

Maturity is a crucial indicator in assessing the quality of tomatoes, and it is closely related to lycopene content. Using hyperspectral imaging, this study aimed to monitor tomato maturity and predict its lycopene content at different maturity stages. Standard normal variable (SNV) transformation was applied to preprocess the hyperspectral data.

The genome sequence of a spider mite, Tetranychus truncatus, provides insights into interspecific host range variation and the genetic basis of adaptation to a low-quality host plant.

The phytophagous mite Tetranychus truncatus is a serious pest in East Asia but has a relatively narrower host range than the pest mite Tetranychus urticae, which can feed on over 1200 plant species. Here, we generated a high-quality chromosomal level genome of T. truncatus and compared it with that of T.

Incomplete reproductive barriers and genomic differentiation impact the spread of resistance mutations between green- and red-colour morphs of a cosmopolitan mite pest.

Pesticide resistance represents a clear and trackable case of adaptive evolution with a strong societal impact. Understanding the factors associated with the evolution and spread of resistance is imperative to develop sustainable crop management strategies. The two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae, a major crop pest with worldwide distribution and a polyphagous lifestyle, has evolved resistance to most classes of pesticides.

Enzyme-Free Colorimetric Method for Fast Detection of PIK3CA Gene Mutation by Praseodymia Nanorods.

The frequently mutated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) gene is associated with multiple tumors and endocytosis of viruses. Identification of muted nucleotides at the hotspot can help in finding the susceptible people who are vulnerable to cancers and viruses. Herein, a simple enzyme-free colorimetric method is developed for the quick detection of PIK3CA gene mutations.

Macroevolutionary analyses point to a key role of hosts in diversification of the highly speciose eriophyoid mite superfamily.

The superfamily Eriophyoidea includes >5000 named species of very small phytophagous mites. As for many groups of phytophagous invertebrates, factors responsible for diversification of eriophyoid mites are unclear. Here, we used an inferred phylogeny of 566 putative species of eriophyoid mites based on fragments of two mitochondrial genes and two nuclear genes to examine factors associated with their massive evolutionary diversification through time.

Iterative reconstruction deep learning image reconstruction: comparison of image quality and diagnostic accuracy of arterial stenosis in low-dose lower extremity CT angiography.

Objective: To compare image quality and diagnostic accuracy of arterial stenosis in low-dose lower-extremity CT angiography (CTA) between adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-V (ASIR-V) and deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) algorithms.

Methods: 46 patients undergoing low-dose lower-extremity CTA were enrolled. Images were reconstructed using ASIR-V (blending factor of 50% (AV-50) and 100% (AV-100)) and DLIR (medium (DL-M), and high (DL-H)).

Tannin Reduces the Incidence of Polyspermic Penetration in Porcine Oocytes.

Tannin (TA) improves porcine oocyte cytoplasmic maturation and subsequent embryonic development after in vitro fertilization (IVF). However, the mechanism through which TA blocks polyspermy after IVF remains unclear. Hence, the biological function of organelles (cortical granule [CG], Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum [ER], and mitochondria) and the incidence of polyspermic penetration were examined.

Ramelteon Reduces Oxidative Stress by Maintenance of Lipid Homeostasis in Porcine Oocytes.

This study aimed to determine the underlying mechanism of ramelteon on the competence of oocyte and subsequent embryo development in pigs during in vitro maturation (IVM). Our results showed that the cumulus expansion index was significantly lower in the control group compared to the ramelteon groups (p < 0.05).

Agile design and development of a high throughput cobas SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR diagnostic test.

Diagnostic testing is essential for management of the COVID-19 pandemic. An agile assay design methodology, optimized for the cobas® 6800/8800 system, was used to develop a dual-target, qualitative SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test using commercially available reagents and existing sample processing and thermocycling profiles. The limit of detection was 30-52 copies/mL for USA-WA1/2020.

Phylogenetic-Related Divergence in Perceiving Suitable Host Plants among Five Spider Mites Species (Acari: Tetranychidae).

Spider mites belonging to the genus infest many important agricultural crops in both fields and greenhouses worldwide and are diversified in their host plant range. How spider mites perceive their suitable host plants remains not completely clear. Here, through two-host-choice designs (bean vs.