The genetic causal effect of hand grip strength on osteoporosis and falling risk: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Patients with osteoporosis (OP) are often associated with decreased hand grip strength and increased risk of falling. It remains unclear whether there is a genetic causal between hand grip strength and OP, falling risk.

Methods: The Mendelian randomization study was used to investigate the genetic causal effect of low hand grip strength on total body bone mineral density (BMD) at different ages, OP, and falling risk.

Prevalence of very high cardiovascular disease risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A population-based cross-sectional screening study.

Aim: The 2019 ESC/EASD guidelines categorize cardiovascular disease risk (CVD) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Assessing CVD risk is necessary to identify individuals at very high risk of CVD, enabling tailored and precise intervention for this high-risk population. This study aims to evaluate the severity of a very high risk for CVD stratification among patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) across different regions in China.

Corrigendum: Screening and identification of hub genes in the development of early diabetic kidney disease based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.

Secondary analysis of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes subgroups and treatment responses in the MARCH cohort.

Objective: To incorporate new clusters in the MARCH (Metformin and AcaRbose in Chinese patients as the initial Hypoglycemic treatment) cohort of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients and compare the anti-glycemic effects of metformin and acarbose across different clusters.

Methods: K-means cluster analysis was performed based on six clinical indicators. The diabetic clusters in the MARCH cohort were retrospectively associated with the response to metformin and acarbose.

Data-driven subgroups of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and the relationship with cardiovascular diseases at genetic and clinical levels in Chinese adults.

Background: To subgroup Chinese patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) by K-means cluster analysis on clinical indicators, and to explore whether these subgroups represent different genetic features and calculated cardiovascular risks.

Methods: The K-means clustering analysis was performed on two cohorts (n = 590 and 392), both consisting of Chinese participants with newly diagnosed T2D. To assess genetic risks, multiple polygenic risk scores (PRSs) and mitochondrial DNA copy numbers (mtDNA-CN) were calculated for all participants.

Evaluating the long-term cost-effectiveness of fixed-ratio combination insulin degludec/liraglutide (IDegLira) versus other treatment regimens in the chinese type 2 diabetes patients.

Background And Aims: To assess the cost-effectiveness of utilizing IDegLira in comparison to other treatment regimens ( liraglutide and degludec) in managing type 2 diabetes, taking into account the Chinese healthcare system's perspective.

Methods: The clinical data were obtained from the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the DUAL I and DUAL II evidence studies that took place in China. To estimate the lifetime quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and direct medical costs of patients receiving different treatment strategies from a long-term perspective, the IQVIA CORE Diabetes Model version 9.

Long-Term Cost-Effectiveness of Subcutaneous Once-Weekly Semaglutide Versus Polyethylene Glycol Loxenatide for Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in China.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term cost-effectiveness of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide versus polyethylene glycol loxenatide (PEG-loxenatide) in patients with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled on metformin, from a Chinese healthcare systems perspective.

Methods: The study applied the Swedish Institute of Health Economics Diabetes Cohort Model to evaluate the long-term clinical and economic outcomes of once-weekly treatment of semaglutide at 0.5 mg and 1.

Medications and medical costs for diabetes patients with or without chronic respiratory disease in Beijing, China: A retrospective study.

Aims: The cost of drug regimens prescribed to Chinese patients has not been evaluated. This study aims to evaluate the medical costs and hypoglycemic agents for diabetes mellitus patients with or without chronic respiratory disease in Beijing, and to investigate the changes in the costs and number of antidiabetic medications used for diabetes patients with chronic respiratory disease from 2016 to 2018.

Methods: This observational, retrospective study included diabetes patients with outpatient medication records from Beijing Medical Insurance between 2016 and 2018.

Screening and Identification of Hub Genes in the Development of Early Diabetic Kidney Disease Based on Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis.

Objective: The study aimed to screen key genes in early diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and predict their biological functions and signaling pathways using bioinformatics analysis of gene chips interrelated to early DKD in the Gene Expression Omnibus database.

Methods: Gene chip data for early DKD was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus expression profile database. We analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between patients with early DKD and healthy controls using the R language.

Effects of Unsuppressed Endogenous Insulin on Pharmacokinetics and/or Pharmacodynamics of Study Insulin in the Healthy: A Retrospective Study.

C-peptide, a marker of endogenous insulin, should be consistently inhibited during euglycemic clamping, while an elevated postdosing C-peptide (CP ) is not an occasional phenomenon. This was a retrospective study that included 33 men who underwent a manual euglycemic clamp with a subcutaneous injection of insulin aspart (IAsp) aiming to describe the effects of insufficient suppression of endogenous insulin on estimates of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of injected insulin. The time profiles of whole blood glucose, human insulin, glucose infusion rate (GIR), and C-peptide were recorded.

Spontaneous Remission After a Hypercalcemic Crisis Caused by an Intracystic Hemorrhage of Bilateral Parathyroid Adenomas: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Hyperparathyroidism is a common cause of hypercalcemia; however, spontaneous remission after a hypercalcemic crisis caused by an intracystic hemorrhage of parathyroid adenomas is very rare. The question, then, is "What is the best treatment strategy for this type of case?"

Method: A 47-year-old male patient with primary hyperparathyroidism and a hypercalcemic crisis is reported. Hypercalcemia was spontaneously relieved thereafter.

Similar pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a new biosimilar and reference insulin aspart in healthy Chinese males.

Insulin aspart (IAsp) is one of the main therapies used to control blood glucose after a meal. This study aimed to compare the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of 2 rapid-acting IAsp products: a new IAsp biosimilar (RD10046) and NovoRapid. In a single-center, randomized, single-dose, 2-period, crossover, euglycemic clamp study (registry number: CTR20180517, registration date: 2018-05-30), healthy Chinese males were randomized to receive 0.

The usefulness of the combined high-dose dexamethasone suppression test and desmopressin stimulation test in establishing the source of ACTH secretion in ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome.

Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS) is the current gold standard test for differentially diagnosing ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome (CS). However, BIPSS is an invasive procedure, and its availability is limited. We retrospectively analysed the 24-hour urinary free cortisol (UFC) level during the high-dose dexamethasone suppression test (HDDST) and plasma ACTH/cortisol levels after the desmopressin stimulation test (DDAVP test) in subjects with confirmed Cushing's disease (CD) (n = 92) and ectopic ACTH-dependent CS (EAS) (n = 16), and evaluated the positive predictive value (PPV) of the two combined-tests in the aetiological diagnosis of ACTH-dependent CS.

Interindividual Variability in the Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Characteristics of Recombinant Human Insulin and Insulin Aspart.

Purpose: The present study compared the interindividual variability in the pharmacodynamic (PD) and pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of a short-acting recombinant human insulin to those of insulin aspart through manual euglycemic glucose clamp tests.

Methods: Sixty healthy Chinese male volunteers were randomly assigned to receive human insulin or insulin aspart, administered via SC injection (0.2 U/kg).

Oscillations of C-peptide in the euglycemic clamp and their effect on the pharmacodynamic assessment of insulin preparations.

C-peptide should be continuously suppressed. However, increased postdosing C-peptide is not an uncommon phenomenon in euglycemic clamp studies involving healthy participants. This study aimed to determine the extent to which the postdosing C-peptide increases from the baseline that could affect the accuracy of glucodynamics in euglycemic clamp studies involving healthy subjects.

Mineralocorticoid receptor excessive activation involved in glucocorticoid-related brain injury.

The mechanisms involved in brain damage during chronic glucocorticoid exposure are poorly understood. Since mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation has been proven to be important in the pathophysiology of vascular damage and MRs are highly expressed in many brain regions, we hypothesized that the cerebral injury observed in subjects with Cushing syndrome is in part associated with the overactivation of MR. The aim of this study was to determine whether the cerebral injury observed in chronic hyperglucocorticoidemia animal models is related to excessive MR activation.