Pore Structure and Fractal Analysis of Low-Resistivity Longmaxi Shale in the Southern Sichuan Basin Combining SEM, Gas Adsorption, and NMR.

Pore structure can affect the reservoir property, petrophysics, and fluid migration/adsorption, which is critical for shale evaluation and development. In this paper, the pore structure, fractal characteristics, and their influencing factors on low-resistivity shale (LRS) from the Longmaxi Formation in the Southern Sichuan Basin were analyzed by combining geochemistry experiments, physical property analysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), N/CO gas adsorption experiments, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The results indicate that in LRS, the layered clay mineral/pyrite distribution and more developed pores with a larger size and better connectivity can build a complex and superior conductive network.

Waveguide-integrated aluminum-MoTe Schottky photodetectors for the wavelength band extended to 2 µm.

Transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) materials with excellent optoelectronic properties have attracted much attention in the fields of reconfigurable electronic devices, next-generation FETs, and photodetectors (PDs). While normal TMDC PDs have a bandgap-limited absorption edge of ∼1.3 µm, metal-TMDC Schottky PDs based on internal photoemission provide an operation band extension strategy.

Acceleration of radiative recombination for efficient perovskite LEDs.

The increasing demands for more efficient and brighter thin-film light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in flat-panel display and solid-state lighting applications have promoted research into three-dimensional (3D) perovskites. These materials exhibit high charge mobilities and low quantum efficiency droop, making them promising candidates for achieving efficient LEDs with enhanced brightness. To improve the efficiency of LEDs, it is crucial to minimize nonradiative recombination while promoting radiative recombination.

Ultra-compact and high-performance four-channel coarse wavelength-division (de)multiplexing filters based on cascaded Mach-Zehnder interferometers with Bezier-shape directional couplers.

Using cascaded Mach-Zehnder interferometers (CMZIs) provides an attractive option for realizing coarse wavelength-division (de)multiplexing (CWDM) filters with low losses, low crosstalk, flat tops, and high scalability. However, they usually have large footprints and insufficient fabrication tolerances, due to the inferior performance of conventional directional couplers (DCs) used for MZIs. Here, a four-channel CMZI wavelength-division (de)multiplexer based on novel Bezier-shape DCs with compact footprints, broad bandwidths and decent fabrication tolerances.

High-performance and compact integrated photonic dichroic filters and triplexer realized by an efficient inverse design.

Integrated optical filters are key components in various photonic integrated circuits for applications of communication, spectroscopy, etc. The dichroic filters can be flexibly cascaded to construct filters with various channel numbers and bandwidths. Therefore, the development of high-performance and compact dichroic filters is crucial.

Efficient and Bright Deep-Red Light-Emitting Diodes based on a Lateral 0D/3D Perovskite Heterostructure.

Bright and efficient deep-red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are important for applications in medical therapy and biological imaging due to the high penetration of deep-red photons into human tissues. Metal-halide perovskites have potential to achieve bright and efficient electroluminescence due to their favorable optoelectronic properties. However, efficient and bright perovskite-based deep-red LEDs have not been achieved yet, due to either Auger recombination in low-dimensional perovskites or trap-assisted nonradiative recombination in 3D perovskites.

Pore Structure Characteristics and Their Controlling Factors of Deep Shale: A Case Study of the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation in the Luzhou Area, Southern Sichuan Basin.

Recently, deep shale reservoirs are emerging as time requires and commence occupying a significant position in the further development of shale gas. However, the understanding of pore characteristics in deep shale remains poor, prohibiting accurate estimation of the hydrocarbon content and insights into fluid mobility. This study focuses on the Longmaxi Formation from the Luzhou (LZ) region, southern Sichuan.

The Cooked Meat Carcinogen 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-]pyridine Hair Dosimeter, DNA Adductomics Discovery, and Associations with Prostate Cancer Pathology Biomarkers.

Well-done cooked red meat consumption is linked to aggressive prostate cancer (PC) risk. Identifying mutation-inducing DNA adducts in the prostate genome can advance our understanding of chemicals in meat that may contribute to PC. 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-]pyridine (PhIP), a heterocyclic aromatic amine (HAA) formed in cooked meat, is a potential human prostate carcinogen.

Silicon/2D-material photodetectors: from near-infrared to mid-infrared.

Two-dimensional materials (2DMs) have been used widely in constructing photodetectors (PDs) because of their advantages in flexible integration and ultrabroad operation wavelength range. Specifically, 2DM PDs on silicon have attracted much attention because silicon microelectronics and silicon photonics have been developed successfully for many applications. 2DM PDs meet the imperious demand of silicon photonics on low-cost, high-performance, and broadband photodetection.

Comprehensive Analysis of DNA Adducts Using Data-Independent wSIM/MS Acquisition and wSIM-City.

A novel software has been created to comprehensively characterize covalent modifications of DNA through mass spectral analysis of enzymatically hydrolyzed DNA using the neutral loss of 2'-deoxyribose, a nearly universal MS fragmentation process of protonated 2'-deoxyribonucleosides. These covalent modifications termed DNA adducts form through xenobiotic exposures or by reaction with endogenous electrophiles and can induce mutations during cell division and initiate carcinogenesis. DNA adducts are typically present at trace levels in the human genome, requiring a very sensitive and comprehensive data acquisition and analysis method.

Dietary Heterocyclic Amine Intake and Risk of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Rural Uganda.

Dietary exposure to 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4,5-b] pyridine (PhIP) in cooked meats maybe responsible for the high burden of Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in southwestern Uganda. We conducted a pilot case-control study among 31 histologically confirmed ESCC cases and 54 age, gender, and residence matched healthy community controls sampled from the general population at the time of accrual of each case in southwestern Uganda. We collected data including smoking, alcohol consumption, diet, and scalp hair samples analyzed for normalized PhlP (adjusted per gram of melanin).

Hybrid ultrathin-silicon/graphene waveguide photodetector with a loop mirror reflector.

Graphene has emerged as a promising solution for on-chip ultrafast photodetection for its advantages of easy integration, high mobility, adjustable chemical potential, and wide operation wavelength range. In order to realize high-performance photodetectors, it is very important to achieve efficient light absorption in the active region. In this work, a compact and high-speed hybrid silicon/graphene photodetector is proposed and demonstrated by utilizing an ultra-thin silicon photonic waveguide integrated with a loop mirror.

Osteoblastic and anti-osteoclastic activities of strontium-substituted silicocarnotite ceramics: In vitro and studies.

Osteoporosis bone defect is a refractory orthopaedic disease which characterized by impaired bone quality and bone regeneration capacity. Current therapies, including antiosteoporosis drugs and artificial bone grafts, are not always satisfactory. Herein, a strontium-substituted calcium phosphate silicate bioactive ceramic (Sr-CPS) was fabricated.

Development of a DNA Adductome Mass Spectral Database.

Mass spectrometry-based DNA adductomics is an emerging approach for the human biomonitoring of hazardous chemicals. A mass spectral database of DNA adducts will be created for the scientific community to investigate the associations between chemical exposures, DNA damage, and disease risk.

High-performance silicon-graphene hybrid plasmonic waveguide photodetectors beyond 1.55 μm.

Graphene has attracted much attention for the realization of high-speed photodetection for silicon photonics over a wide wavelength range. However, the reported fast graphene photodetectors mainly operate in the 1.55 μm wavelength band.

Regulating the Behavior of Human Gingival Fibroblasts by sp Domains in Reduced Graphene Oxide.

Long-term function of dental implants relies on not only stable osseointegration but also strong soft tissue-sealing ability. Ideal soft tissue sealing around implants is an effective protective barrier between the external environment and alveolar bone, preventing the invasion of bacteria that is considered as a vital trigger of irreversible marginal bone loss. Carbon-based materials have been reported to be beneficial to soft tissue sealing, which can be regulated through the hybridization type of carbon atoms (sp or sp), but its internal mechanism is still not clear.

Improved cellular bioactivity by heparin immobilization on polycarbonate film via an aminolysis modification for potential tendon repair.

Tendon repair was an important part during tendon to bone healing. In the present study, heparin molecules were immobilized on the aminolyzed PCL surface to improve the cellular bioactivity for potential tendon repair. The effects of heparin immobilization on protein adsorption behavior and cellular bioactivity of NIH3T3 and ATDC5 cells were investigated.

Methods and Challenges for Computational Data Analysis for DNA Adductomics.

Frequent exposure to chemicals in the environment, diet, and endogenous electrophiles leads to chemical modification of DNA and the formation of DNA adducts. Some DNA adducts can induce mutations during cell division and, when occurring in critical regions of the genome, can lead to the onset of disease, including cancer. The targeted analysis of DNA adducts over the past 30 years has revealed that the human genome contains many types of DNA damages.

Quantitation of Lipid Peroxidation Product DNA Adducts in Human Prostate by Tandem Mass Spectrometry: A Method That Mitigates Artifacts.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and chronic inflammation contribute to DNA damage of many organs, including the prostate. ROS cause oxidative damage to biomolecules, such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, resulting in the formation of toxic and mutagenic intermediates. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) products covalently adduct to DNA and can lead to mutations.

High strength polymer/silicon nitride composites for dental restorations.

Objectives: To fabricate polymer-infiltrated silicon nitride composite (PISNC) and evaluate the potential of PISNC in dental application.

Methods: Porous silicon nitride (SiN) ceramics were fabricated through gelcasting and pressureless sintering. Polymer infiltrating was carried out then and composites were obtained after curing of polymer.

Emerging Technologies in Mass Spectrometry-Based DNA Adductomics.

The measurement of DNA adducts, the covalent modifications of DNA upon the exposure to the environmental and dietary genotoxicants and endogenously produced electrophiles, provides molecular evidence for DNA damage. With the recent improvements in the sensitivity and scanning speed of mass spectrometry (MS) instrumentation, particularly high-resolution MS, it is now feasible to screen for the totality of DNA damage in the human genome through DNA adductomics approaches. Several MS platforms have been used in DNA adductomic analysis, each of which has its strengths and limitations.

Targeted and Untargeted Detection of DNA Adducts of Aromatic Amine Carcinogens in Human Bladder by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry.

Epidemiological studies have linked aromatic amines (AAs) from tobacco smoke and some occupational exposures with bladder cancer risk. Several epidemiological studies have also reported a plausible role for structurally related heterocyclic aromatic amines present in tobacco smoke or formed in cooked meats with bladder cancer risk. DNA adduct formation is an initial biochemical event in bladder carcinogenesis.