Synthetic circRNA therapeutics: innovations, strategies, and future horizons.

Small molecule drugs are increasingly emerging as innovative and effective treatments for various diseases, with mRNA therapeutics being a notable representative. The success of COVID-19 vaccines has underscored the transformative potential of mRNA in RNA therapeutics. Within the RNA family, there is another unique type known as circRNA.

The current therapeutic cancer vaccines landscape in non-small cell lung cancer.

Currently, conventional immunotherapies for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have low response rates and benefit only a minority of patients, particularly those with advanced disease, so novel therapeutic strategies are urgent deeded. Therapeutic cancer vaccines, a form of active immunotherapy, harness potential to activate the adaptive immune system against tumor cells via antigen cross-presentation. Cancer vaccines can establish enduring immune memory and guard against recurrences.

Caucasian validation of downstaging from IIB to IIA in T1N1M0 patients within the 9th edition of the non-small cell lung cancer tumor-node-metastasis staging.

Background: The 9th edition of the lung cancer tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging introduced adjustments, including the reclassification of T1N1M0 patients from stage IIB to IIA. This update used data mostly from Asian populations. However, the applicability of these adjustments to Caucasian patients remains uncertain.

Efficacy of neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer: a real-world, multicenter, retrospective study.

Background: Resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients have a high risk of recurrence. Multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown that neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy brings new hope for these patients. The study aims to evaluate the safety, surgery-related outcomes and oncological outcomes for neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy in real-world setting with a large sample size and long-term follow-up.

TREM1/DAP12 based novel multiple chain CAR-T cells targeting DLL3 show robust anti-tumour efficacy for small cell lung cancer.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC), recognized as the most aggressive subtype of lung cancer, presents an extremely poor prognosis. Currently, patients with small cell lung cancer face a significant dearth of effective alternative treatment options once they experience recurrence and progression after first-line therapy. Despite the promising efficacy of immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and various other tumours, its impact on significantly enhancing the prognosis of SCLC patients remains elusive.

Occult lymph node metastasis is not a favorable factor for resected NSCLC patients.

Background: This study was to compare the clinical presentations and survivals between the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with occult lymph node metastasis (OLNM) and those with evident lymph node metastasis (ELNM). We also intended to analyze the predictive factors for OLNM.

Methods: Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank test was used to compare survivals between groups.

Investigations of the distant metastatic non-small cell lung cancer without local lymph node involvement: Real world data from a large database.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the presentations and survival outcomes of the distant metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without lymph node involvement to obtain a clearer picture of this special subgroup of metastatic NSCLC.

Method: A least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) penalized Cox regression analysis was used to select the prognostic variables. A nomogram and corresponding risk-classifying systems were constructed.

Investigation of Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Different T2 Descriptors: Real Word Data From a Large Database.

Introduction: The current study evaluated a large cohort of T2N0M0 NSCLC patients with different T2 descriptors to investigate the prognostic disparities and further externally validate the T category of these patients.

Methods: The Kaplan-Meier Method with the log-rank test was used to plot survival curves. The propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to reduce bias.

Investigation of the non-size-determined T4N0-2M0 non-small-cell lung cancer: what is the proper T category for the tumour with additional nodules in different lobes of ipsilateral lung?

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the prognostic disparity among T4N0-2M0 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with different T4 descriptors.

Methods: T3-4N0-2M0 NSCLC patients were included. Patients were assigned to 7 subgroups: T3, T4 tumours with size larger than 70 mm (T4-size), T4 tumours with aorta/vena cava/heart invasion (T4-blood vessels), T4 tumours with vertebra invasion (T4-vertebra), T4 tumours with carina/trachea invasion (T4-carina/trachea), T4 tumours with additional tumour nodules in different lobes of ipsilateral lung (T4-add) and T4 tumours had at least 2 T4 descriptors (T4-multiple).

Reconsidering the T category for the T3 non-small cell lung cancer with additional tumor nodules in the same lobe: A population-based study.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the prognosis of the T3 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with additional tumor nodules in the same lobe (T3-Add), and externally validate the current T category of this population.

Methods: NSCLC data deposited in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) dataset was extracted. Survivals were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method with a log-rank test.

Is prior cancer history a hindrance for non-small cell lung cancer patients to participate in clinical trials?

Background: This study aimed to explore the effect of a prior cancer history on the survivals of resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Methods: Kaplan-Meier method with a log-rank test was used to compare overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) between groups. Propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to reduce bias.

Is there a prognostic difference among patients with T3N0-3M0 non-small-cell lung cancer with different T3 descriptors?

Objectives: Our goal was to evaluate the survival disparities among the patients with T3N0-3M0 non-small-cell lung cancer with different T3 descriptors and to further externally validate the current T3 category.

Methods: Overall survival and cancer-specific survival were compared using the Kaplan-Meier method with a log-rank test. A univariable and a multivariable Cox regression model were performed to determine the prognostic factors.

Stage IV non-small cell lung cancer among young individuals: Incidence, presentations, and survival outcomes of conventional therapies.

Background: There is a paucity of data published on the clinicopathological features and prognosis of stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients aged ≤45 years. Herein, we evaluated a large clinical series in an effort to provide a clearer picture of this population.

Methods: The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-penalized Cox regression model was performed to identify prognostic factors for NSCLC among individuals aged ≤45 years.

Investigation of the non-small cell lung cancer patients with uncertain resection: A population-based study.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the clinical features, prognosis and predictive factors for the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with uncertain resection [R(un)].

Materials And Methods: Kaplan-Meier method with a log-rank test was used to compare overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) between groups. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-penalized Cox multivariable analysis was used to identify the prognostic factors.

Is adjacent lobe invasion an T category upgrade factor for resected non-small cell lung cancer ≤ 5 cm?

Purpose: Controversy exists with regard to the T category of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with adjacent lobe invasion (ALI), and dispute arises on assigning this subset into T2 or T3 category. We evaluated the effect of ALI on the survival of resected NSCLC ≤ 5 cm, with purpose of determining the most appropriate T category for this population.

Methods: The entire cohort was divided into three subgroups (ALI group, T2 group and T3 group).

Lymphovascular invasion: A non-sized T descriptor for stage IA non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) has not been included in the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging manual of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We aimed to investigate the predictive value of LVI on stage IA NSCLC and proposed a method of incorporating LVI into the T category based on the latest TNM staging manual.

Methods: The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-penalized Cox multivariable regression model was performed to identify prognostic factors.

Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Surpassing the Elastic Layer Should Remain Classified as pT2a.

We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of visceral pleural invasion on the survival of node-negative non-small cell lung cancer ≤3 cm using a large cohort. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare overall survival (OS); competing risk analysis with Fine-Gray's test was used to compare cancer- specific survival between groups. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator penalized Cox regression model was used to identify prognostic factors.

Proactive exploration of inferior parathyroid gland using a novel meticulous thyrothymic ligament dissection technique.

Introduction: The inferior parathyroid gland (IPTG) is widely distributed; effective techniques for its safe exploration and protection during thyroid surgery have not been documented. The thyrothymic ligament (TTL) is a connective tissue located between the thymic tongue and thyroid. This study aims to introduce a novel meticulous thyrothymic ligament dissection technique and assess its role in proactive exploration and situ preservation of IPTG.

Occult Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: An Underappreciated Disease.

Background: The number of researches on occult non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is modest. Herein, we defined the clinicopathological features, prognosis and survival outcome of this underappreciated tumor, with purpose of obtaining a clearer picture on this disease.

Methods: The entire cohort was categorized into two groups (occult NSCLC and other NSCLC) and further into five groups (occult, T1, T2, T3 and T4).

Bimetallic Selenide Decorated Nanoreactor Synergizing Confinement and Electrocatalysis of Se Species for 3D-Printed High-Loading K-Se Batteries.

The potassium-selenium (K-Se) battery has been considered an appealing candidate for next-generation energy storage systems owing to the high energy and low cost. Nonetheless, its development is plagued by the tremendous volume expansion and sluggish reaction kinetics of the Se cathode. Moreover, implementing favorable areal capacity and longevous cycling of a high-loading K-Se battery remains a daunting challenge facing commercial applications.

Manipulating Electrocatalytic Li S Redox via Selective Dual-Defect Engineering for Li-S Batteries.

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage, yet they are plagued by the notorious polysulfide shuttle effect and sluggish redox kinetics. While rationally designed redox mediators can facilitate polysulfide conversion, favorable bidirectional sulfur electrocatalysis remains a formidable challenge. Herein, selective dual-defect engineering (i.