Molecular and morphological investigations of two new species in Qinia and Cymbella (Bacillariophyceae: Cymbellales) from China.

Molecular data is provided firstly for the newly erected genus Qinia, and the phylogenetic position of the genus Qinia within the Cymbellales is discussed. Despite the presence of apical pore fields bisected by the distal raphe fissure being a very distinctive feature for Qinia, molecular analysis demonstrates this character as homoplasious, having evolved independently in Qinia and Cymbella. Two new species, Qinia hubeii sp.

Enhanced photoactivity of Sm, N, P-tridoped anatase-TiO₂ nano-photocatalyst for 4-chlorophenol degradation under sunlight irradiation.

A novel high-performance Sm, N, P-tridoped anatase-TiO₂ nano-photocatalyst (SNPTO) was successfully prepared by a modified sol-solvothermal process. The physicochemical properties of as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-vis absorbance spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, and zeta potential measurements. The results showed that, among as-prepared undoped, single-doped, and codoped samples, SNPTO presented the highest photoactivity for degrading 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) under simulated sunlight irradiation with the apparent rate constant of 2.