Study on hydraulic conductivity of dredged sediment-attapulgite vertical cutoff walls under confining pressure.

Landfills require effective containment systems to prevent the leakage of leachate into the underground environment. Cutoff walls are commonly employed for this purpose, with options including rigid and flexible designs. In areas where structural strength is not a primary concern, flexible cutoff walls offer lower permeability and environmental benefits due to their lack of cement content, thereby reducing CO2 emissions.

Identifying the negative cooperation between major inhibitors of cellulase activity and minimizing their inhibitory potential during hydrolysis of acid-pretreated corn stover.

Soluble compounds produced during the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocelluloses hampers cellulose conversion. Cellobiose and vanillin most severely inhibited the effect of cellobiohydrolase I. A concentration-dependent negative cooperative effect was found between cellobiose and vanillin.

Optimization of an artificial cellulase cocktail for high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods.

Optimization of the composition of cellulase mixtures is an effective strategy to improve their hydrolytic efficiency and reduce protein demand during enzymatic degradation of lignocelluloses. In this study, the mixture design method was used to optimize the ratios of endoglucanase II (EG II), cellobiohydrolase I (CBH I) and β-glucosidase I (BG I) from Penicillium oxalicum in an artificial cellulase mixture for the hydrolysis of six different cellulosic materials. The optimal composition of enzyme mixture was distinctly different among not only cellulosic materials with different pretreatment methods but hydrolyses at different solids concentrations.

Enzymatic liquefaction and saccharification of pretreated corn stover at high-solids concentrations in a horizontal rotating bioreactor.

A self-designed horizontal rotating bioreactor (HRR) was applied for enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated corn stover to improve the process economics of ethanol production. The mixing principle was based on gravity and free fall employed with tank-rotating. The liquefaction performances using the HRR and the vertical stirred-tank reactor (VSTR) with a helical impeller were compared and analyzed by measuring rheological properties of the slurry.

Full-genome nucleotide sequence and analysis of a Chinese swine hepatitis E virus isolate of genotype 4 identified in the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region: evidence of zoonotic risk from swine to human in South China.

Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is one of the leading causes of the enteric-transmitted acute hepatitis. Many studies have found high identities between human and animal HEV isolates using partial sequence comparison analysis.

Aims: To determine and phylogenetically analyse the complete genome of the swGX40 isolate from the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region.

Swine hepatitis E virus in rural southern China: genetic characterization and experimental infection in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).

Background: In rural areas of southern China, where hepatitis E is endemic, residents generally rear pigs in pigsties near their houses. The study was conducted to assess the possibility that hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections in this region are acquired primarily through contact with swine.

Methods: One hundred twenty swine fecal samples collected from pigsties located in eight rural communities of southern China were tested for HEV RNA.