Has the Era of Individualized Intrauterine Treatment for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Arrived?

Background: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a common metabolic genetic disease. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial to improve the prognosis. Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) is an early, safe, and accurate method.

Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) of non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) for singleton and twin pregnancies in the first trimester.

Background: Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) has been proven feasible for non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) in singleton pregnancies. However, previous research is limited to the second trimester and the application in twin pregnancies is blank. Here we provide a novel algorithmic approach to assess singleton and twin pregnancies in the first trimester.

Comparison of the value of adipose tissues in abdomen and lumbar vertebra for predicting disease activity in Crohn's disease: A preliminary study based on CSE-MRI.

Background: To compare the value of adipose tissues in abdomen and lumbar vertebra for predicting Crohn's disease (CD) activity based on chemical shift encoded magnetic resonance imaging (CSE-MRI).

Methods: 84 CD patients were divided into remission, mild, and moderate-severely groups based on CD activity index (CDAI). Differences in different adipose parameters [subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), mesenteric fat index (MFI), and bone marrow fat fraction (BMFF)] and blood inflammatory indicators among three groups, as well as the correlation of above parameters and CDAI were analyzed.

Hypertension Impacts the Oscillatory Dynamics Serving the Encoding Phase of Verbal Working Memory.

Background: Chronic hypertension is known to be a major contributor to cognitive decline, with executive function and working memory being among the domains most commonly affected. Despite the growing literature on such dysfunction in patients with hypertension, the underlying neural processes are poorly understood.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we examine these neural processes by having participants with controlled hypertension, uncontrolled hypertension, and healthy controls perform a verbal working memory task during magnetoencephalography.

Noninvasive twin genotyping for recessive monogenic disorders by relative haplotype dosage.

Objective: To establish a haplotype-based noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) workflow for single-gene recessive disorders that adapt to dizygotic (DZ) twin pregnancies.

Method: Twin pregnancies at risk of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Becker muscular dystrophy, hemophilia B, spinal muscular atrophy, phenylketonuria, and nonsyndromic hearing loss were recruited. For subsequent analysis, capture sequencing targeting highly heterozygotic single nucleotide polymorphism sites was conducted.

Air bronchogram on chest CT in radiological pure-solid appearance lung cancer: Correlation analysis with genetic pathological features and survival outcomes.

Purpose: To investigate the correlation of air bronchogram sign with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in patients with clinical stage (c-stage) I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with radiological pure-solid appearance.

Method: We retrospectively evaluated 276 patients with pure-solid c-stage I NSCLC and assessed the correlation between the air bronchogram and clinicopathological characteristics. A Cox proportional hazards model was performed to identify the effect of air bronchogram and clinicopathological variables on oncological outcomes.

Haplotype-based noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of methylmalonic acidemia and the discovery of a recurrent pathogenic haplotype associated with c.609G>A.

Background: Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for the prognosis of methylmalonic acidemia (MMA). However, research focused on early prenatal diagnosis of MMA is limited.

Methods: A 161.

Exploring factors impacting haplotype-based noninvasive prenatal diagnosis for single-gene recessive disorders.

Haplotype-based noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) is applicable for various recessive single-gene disorders in proband families. However, a comprehensive exploration of critical factors influencing the assay performance, such as fetal fraction, informative single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) count, and recombination events, has yet to be performed. It is critical to identify key factors affecting NIPD performance, including its accuracy and success rate, and their impact on clinical diagnostics to guide clinical practice.

A preliminary study on degenerate characteristics of lumbar and abdominal muscles in middle-aged and elderly people with varying bone mass.

Background: With the wide application of QCT in the clinical assessment of osteoporosis and sarcopenia, the characteristics of musculoskeletal degeneration in middle-aged and elderly people need to be further revealed. We aimed to investigate the degenerate characteristics of lumbar and abdominal muscles in middle-aged and elderly people with varying bone mass.

Methods: A total of 430 patients aged 40-88 years were divided into normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis groups according to quantitative computed tomography (QCT) criteria.

mDIXON-Quant technique diagnostic accuracy for assessing bone mineral density in male adult population.

Background: To investigate the diagnostic efficacy of mDIXON-Quant technique for prediction of bone loss in male adults.

Methods: One hundred thirty-eight male adults were divided into normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis groups based on DXA and QCT for the lumbar spine. Differences in mDIXON-Quant parameters [fat fraction (FF) and T2 value] among three groups, as well as the correlation of mDIXON-Quant parameters and bone mineral density (BMD) were analyzed.

Correlation between musculoskeletal mass and perfusion in patients with gastrointestinal malignancy: a preliminary study based on quantitative CT and CT perfusion.

Background: To investigate the correlation between musculoskeletal mass and perfusion using quantitative computer tomography (QCT) and CT perfusion (CTP) in patients with gastrointestinal malignancy.

Methods: In this prospective study, 96 patients (mean age 66 years, range 25-90; 63.5% male) with gastrointestinal malignancy underwent QCT and CTP between May 2019 and February 2021.

Omentin‑1 induces osteoblast viability and differentiation via the TGF‑β/Smad signaling pathway in osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis is a bone‑related disease that results from impaired bone formation and excessive bone resorption. The potential value of adipokines has been investigated previously, due to their influence on osteogenesis. However, the osteogenic effects induced by omentin‑1 remain unclear.

Association of Periaortic Fat and Abdominal Visceral Fat with Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in Chinese Middle Aged and Elderly Patients Undergoing Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography.

Background And Aims: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is usually caused by atherosclerosis, which is associated with general obesity and stronger associations with localized ectopic fat depots have been reported. We measured body ectopic fat distribution in Chinese patients to determine the association with coronary artery atherosclerosis (CA).

Methods: Patients undergoing coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) who agreed to participate in the study (n = 750, 50.

Comparison of pathological, radiological, and prognostic features between cellular schwannoma and non-cellular schwannoma.

Purpose: To investigate the differences of pathological, radiological, and prognostic features between cellular schwannoma (CS) and non-cellular schwannoma (NCS).

Methods: CT and MRI images of 24 patients with CSs and 30 patients with NCSs were reviewed retrospectively. Clinico-pathological characteristics of CSs and NCSs and tumor radiological features including location, shape, size, border, cystic-solid components, hemorrhage, calcification, bone remodeling, pattern of CT/MRI precontrast scan, degree of enhancement, target sign, and tumor vessels were recorded.

A Stronger Association of Epicardial Fat Volume with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation Than Measures of General Obesity in Chinese Patients Undergoing Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography.

Objective: An association of atrial fibrillation (AF) with epicardial fat volume (EFV) varied in different ethnic groups. We evaluated the AF-related risk factors and its association with pericardial fat in Chinese patients.

Methods: Patients referred for coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) in Shanghai East Hospital during 2012 to 2014 (n=2042, 43.

Differentiation of borderline tumors from type I ovarian epithelial cancers on CT and MR imaging.

Purpose: To investigate the value of CT and MR imaging features in differentiating borderline ovarian tumor (BOT) from type I ovarian epithelial cancer (OEC), which could be significant for suitable clinical treatment and assessment of the prognosis of the patient.

Methods: Thirty-three patients with BOTs and 35 patients with type I OECs proven by pathology were retrospectively evaluated. The clinico-pathological information (age, premenopausal status, CA-125, and Ki-67) and imaging characteristics were compared between two groups of ovarian tumors.

Bone microarchitectural parameters can detect oxytocin induced changes prior to bone density on mitigating bone deterioration in rabbit osteoporosis model using micro-CT.

Background: This study is aimed to determine the efficacy of X-Ray Microtomography (micro-CT) in predicting oxytocin (OT) treatment response in rabbit osteoporosis(OP) model.

Methods: Sixty-five rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: control group, ovariectomy (OVX) -vehicle and OVX-oxytocin group. The controls underwent sham surgery.

Body compositions differently contribute to BMD in different age and gender: a pilot study by QCT.

Unlabelled: The study was to investigate the correlation between body compositions and bone mineral density (BMD) and to evaluate the body composition contribution to BMD. In male, LM showed positive effect on BMD. In female, SAT showed positive, and FM and F/L showed negative effect on BMD.

Comparison of semi-quantitative and quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI evaluations of vertebral marrow perfusion in a rat osteoporosis model.

Background: This study aims to investigate the technical feasibility of semi-quantitative and quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in the assessment of longitudinal changes of marrow perfusion in a rat osteoporosis model, using bone mineral density (BMD) measured by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histopathology as the gold standards.

Methods: Fifty rats were randomly assigned to the control group (n=25) and ovariectomy (OVX) group whose bilateral ovaries were excised (n=25). Semi-quantitative and quantitative DCE-MRI, micro-CT, and histopathological examinations were performed on lumbar vertebrae at baseline and 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks after operation.

Reduction of Longitudinal Vertebral Blood Perfusion and Its Likely Causes: A Quantitative Dynamic Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging Study of a Rat Osteoporosis Model.

Purpose To determine the longitudinal relationships among lumbar vertebral blood perfusion, bone mass, and marrow adipose tissue in a rat osteoporosis model after ovariectomy by using quantitative dynamic contrast agent-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, microcomputed tomography (micro-CT), and proton MR spectroscopy. Materials and Methods In this animal review committee-approved study, lumbar vertebrae were evaluated through MR spectroscopy, quantitative DCE MR imaging, micro-CT, and histopathologic analysis, and blood was examined at 0, 2, 6, 10, 14, 18, and 24 weeks after ovariectomy consisting of exposure of the ovaries but no excision (n = 35) or sham operation, defined as exposure of the ovaries but no excision (n = 35). Differences in the parameters of these examinations between two groups at the same time point were analyzed by an independent-sample t test.

Classification of the renal vein variations: a study with multidetector computed tomography.

Purpose: To estimate the incidence, anatomical feature as well as type of the renal vein variation with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in an adult population.

Methods: A total of 1,452 patients who underwent MDCT angiography were retrospectively evaluated for the presence (number, length, origination, destination, branching pattern and course) of the renal vein variation. χ² test was used to compare the incidence of variations in left and right renal veins and the incidence of variations in each side renal vein between males and females.

Extragastrointestinal stromal tumors: Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings.

Extragastrointestinal stromal tumors (EGISTs) are rare mesenchymal tumors that originate outside the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of the present study was to investigate the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of EGISTs and analyze the correlations between radiological findings and pathological features. CT and MRI images of 24 patients with EGISTs were reviewed retrospectively.

Contrast-enhanced dynamic and diffusion-weighted MR imaging at 3.0T to assess aggressiveness of bladder cancer.

Background: Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI have been considered useful for pathological staging and histological grading in bladder cancer. To our knowledge, no study has combined the two imaging modalities together to assess aggressiveness of bladder cancer.

Objective: To assess the clinical aggressiveness of bladder cancer with DCE MRI and DWI at 3.