Free-water imaging in subcortical gray matter in schizophrenia patients with persistent auditory verbal hallucinations.

Subcortical gray matter (SGM) is increasingly linked to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, specifically auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs). However, few studies have been conducted on the role of extracellular free-water (FW) and white matter microstructural abnormalities in AVHs within the SGM using the free water elimination technique. We conducted a comprehensive investigation of macroscopic volume, FW, and white matter microstructure in the SGM of 60 schizophrenia patients with persistent AVHs (p-AVH), 36 patients no AVH history (n-AVH), and 43 healthy control participants (HC).

Intra-individual structural covariance network in schizophrenia patients with persistent auditory hallucinations.

Neuroimaging studies have revealed that the mechanisms of auditory hallucinations are related to morphological changes in multiple cortical regions, but studies on brain network properties are lacking. This study aims to construct intra-individual structural covariance networks and reveal network changes related to auditory hallucinations. T1-weighted MRI images were acquired from 90 schizophrenia patients with persistent auditory hallucinations (pAH group), 55 schizophrenia patients without auditory hallucinations (non-pAH group), and 83 healthy controls (HC group).

Multiple serum anti-glutamate receptor antibody levels in clozapine-treated/naïve patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia.

Background: Glutamatergic function abnormalities have been implicated in the etiology of treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS), and the efficacy of clozapine may be attributed to its impact on the glutamate system. Recently, evidence has emerged suggesting the involvement of immune processes and increased prevalence of antineuronal antibodies in TRS. This current study aimed to investigate the levels of multiple anti-glutamate receptor antibodies in TRS and explore the effects of clozapine on these antibody levels.

Effects of dynamic nitrogen application on rice yield and quality under straw returning conditions.

Rice cultivation in Jilin Province, China, encounters challenges associated with straw management and nitrogen fertilizer usage. This study explores the effects of dynamic nitrogen fertilizer application combined with straw incorporation on soil properties, rice yield, and quality. High-quality Japonica rice varieties, "Jihong 9″ and "Jinongda 853," were cultivated in a 3-year trial across different regions.

Sex differences in the association of treatment-resistant schizophrenia and serum interleukin-6 levels.

Background: Low-grade inflammation and altered inflammatory markers have been observed in treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is one of the pro-inflammatory cytokines linked with TRS and receives increasing attention. Previous studies showed that patients with TRS might have higher IL-6 levels compared with healthy individuals and treatment-responsive patients.

Differences in olfactory dysfunction and its relationship with cognitive function in schizophrenia patients with and without auditory verbal hallucinations.

Olfactory discrimination dysfunction has been observed in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), but its relationship with cognitive function has not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in olfactory identification function in SCZ patients with and without auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) and its relationship with cognitive function. Olfactory identification function was measured in 80 SCZ patients with AVHs, 57 SCZ patients without AVHs, and 87 healthy controls (HC).

Correlation between abnormal N-acetyl-aspartate levels in posterior cingulate cortex and persistent auditory verbal hallucinations in Chinese patients with chronic schizophrenia.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between persistent auditory verbal hallucinations (pAVHs) and N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) levels in posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). 117 schizophrenia (SCZ) patients (61 pAVHs and 56 non-AVHs) and 66 healthy controls were included. The P3 item of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Auditory Hallucinations subscale of the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scale were used to assess the severity of pAVHs.

Differences in Cortical Thickness in Schizophrenia Patients With and Without Auditory Verbal Hallucinations.

Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) are one of the most common and severe symptoms of schizophrenia (SCZ), but the neuroanatomical mechanisms underlying AVHs remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether persistent AVHs (pAVH) are associated with cortical thinning of certain brain regions in patients with SCZ. With the use of the 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology, we acquired and analyzed data from 79 SCZ patients with pAVH (pAVH group), 60 SCZ patients without AVHs (non-AVH group), and 83 healthy controls (HC group).

Deficits in Sense of Body Ownership, Sensory Processing, and Temporal Perception in Schizophrenia Patients With/Without Auditory Verbal Hallucinations.

It has been claimed that individuals with schizophrenia have difficulty in self-recognition and, consequently, are unable to identify the sources of their sensory perceptions or thoughts, resulting in delusions, hallucinations, and unusual experiences of body ownership. The deficits also contribute to the enhanced rubber hand illusion (RHI; a body perception illusion, induced by synchronous visual and tactile stimulation). Evidence based on RHI paradigms is emerging that auditory information can make an impact on the sense of body ownership, which relies on the process of multisensory inputs and integration.

Metabolite differences in the medial prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia patients with and without persistent auditory verbal hallucinations: a H MRS study.

Studies of schizophrenia (SCZ) have associated auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) with structural and functional abnormalities in frontal cortex, especially medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Although abnormal prefrontal network connectivity associated with language production has been studied extensively, the relationship between mPFC dysfunction (highly relevant to the pathophysiology of SCZ) and AVH has been rarely investigated. In this study, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to measure metabolite levels in the mPFC in 61 SCZ patients with persistent AVH (pAVH), 53 SCZ patients without AVH (non-AVH), and 59 healthy controls (HC).

A Case Report of Wernicke's Encephalopathy Associated With Schizophrenia.

Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is a severe neurological syndrome often associated with alcoholism. Clinicians tend to ignore WE in other non-alcoholic clinical settings related to malnutrition and thiamine deficiency, resulting in delayed diagnosis. The diagnosis becomes more difficult when WE is secondary to psychiatric illnesses as symptoms can be masked by the primary disease.

VO based dynamic tunable absorber and its application in switchable control and real-time color display in the visible region.

Metasurface-based near perfect absorbers exhibit a wide range of potential applications in the fields of solar energy harvesting, thermal images and sensors due to their unique absorption regulation function. However, absorption characteristics of devices are locked by the device structure, leading to the limitation in real-time dynamic applications. In this work, we integrate the phase change material VO thin film into the metal-insulator-metal structured metasurface based absorber, and design a fully visible band switchable dynamically tunable absorber (DTA).

Mixed-Solvent Polarity-Assisted Phase Transition of Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals with Improved Stability at Room Temperature.

Cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have attracted enormous interest in light-emitting diode, photodetector and low-threshold lasing application in terms of their unique optical and electrical performance. However, little attention has been paid to other structures associated with CsPbBr, such as CsPbBr. Herein, we realize a facile method to prepare dual-phase NCs with improved stability against polar solvents by replacing conventional oleylamine with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) in the reprecipitation process.

The Preparation and Optical Properties of Novel LiLa(MoO4)2:Sm3+,Eu3+ Red Phosphor.

Novel LiLa1-x-y(MoO4)2:xSm3+,yEu3+ (in short: LL1-x-yM:xSm3+,yEu3+) double molybdate red phosphors were synthesized by a solid-state reaction at as low temperature as 610 °C. The optimal doping concentration of Sm3+ in LiLa1-x(MoO4)2:xSm3+ (LL1-xM:xSm3+) phosphor is x = 0.05 and higher concentrations lead to emission quenching by the electric dipole-electric dipole mechanism.