Wulingsan Alleviates MAFLD by Activating Autophagy via Regulating the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 Signaling Pathway.

Here, we presented the study of the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of Wulingsan (WLS) in rats with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). High-performance liquid chromatography was employed to identify the chemical components of WLS. After 2 weeks of HFD induction, MAFLD rats were treated with WLS in three different doses for 6 weeks, a positive control treatment or with a vehicle.

Vitamin D3 enhances antitumor activity of metformin in human bladder carcinoma SW-780 cells.

Objective: To study the effects of vitamin D3 combined with metformin on the proliferation and apoptosis in human bladder cancer cell line SW-780 and its possible mechanism.

Methods: MTT assay and fluorescence microscope observations were used to study the effects of vitamin D3 combined with metformin on the proliferation and apoptosis of SW-780 cells in vitro. Western blot was used to detect the expression of apoptosis-related proteins p-Bcl-2, Bax, Cyclin D1, c-Myc and related signaling pathways activated proteins p-IGF-IR, p-mTOR, p-P70S6K, p-S6.

Synergistic antitumor activity of vitamin D3 combined with metformin in human breast carcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells involves m-TOR related signaling pathways.

Metformin is usually used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Recently, many studies suggest that metformin and vitamin D have broad-spectrum antitumor activities. Our aim in this research was to study the effects of vitamin D3 combined with metformin on the apoptosis induction and its mechanisms in the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231.

Vitamin D3 potentiates the growth inhibitory effects of metformin in DU145 human prostate cancer cells mediated by AMPK/mTOR signalling pathway.

Metformin and vitamin D₃ both exhibit a strong antiproliferative action in numerous cancer cell lines, including in human prostate cancer cells. Here we showed that the combination of the two drugs had a much stronger effect on DU145 human prostate cancer cell growth than either drug alone. In this research, cell proliferation was measured by methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay.

Combined use of vitamin D3 and metformin exhibits synergistic chemopreventive effects on colorectal neoplasia in rats and mice.

Vitamin D3 and metformin are widely used in humans for regulating mineral metabolism and as an antidiabetic drug, respectively; and both of them have been shown to have chemopreventive effects against various tumors. This study was designed to investigate the potential synergistic chemopreventive effects of vitamin D3 and metformin against the development of early colon neoplasia in two models. The first model was a 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (DMH)-induced colon cancer rat model and the second, a DMH-dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis-associated colon neoplasia mouse model.