Diverse BCR usage and T cell activation induced by different COVID-19 sequential vaccinations.

Unlabelled: Limited knowledge is available on the differences in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) specific antibody breadth and T cell differentiation among different COVID-19 sequential vaccination strategies. In this study, we compared the immunogenicity of the third different dose of COVID-19 vaccines, such as mRNA (I-I-M), adenoviral vector (I-I-A), and recombinant protein (I-I-R) vaccines, in terms of the magnitude and breadth of antibody response and differentiation of SARS-CoV-2-specific T and B cells. These studies were performed in the same clinical trial, and the samples were assessed in the same laboratory.

Th1 cell immune response in infection with anti-interferon-γ autoantibody syndrome.

Anti-interferon-γ autoantibody (AIGA) syndrome may be the basis of disseminated infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative adults. However, the pathogenesis of Th1 cell immunity in infection with AIGA syndrome is unknown. A multicenter study of HIV-negative individuals with infection was conducted between September 2018 and September 2020 in Guangdong and Guangxi, China.

Serum sphingolipids aid in diagnosing adult HIV-negative patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis: a clinical cohort study.

Background: Pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) contributes to the ongoing global disease burden in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative populations. Since some PC patients are misdiagnosed under existing diagnostic guidelines, new diagnostic markers are needed to improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic efficacy and reduce disease risk.

Methods: Our previously established sphingolipidomic approach was employed to explore the use of serum sphingolipids (SPLs) in diagnosing HIV-negative patients with PC.

Disseminated Infection With STAT3-Hyper-IgE Syndrome: A Case Series and Literature Review.

Background: Little is known about the clinical characteristics of talaromycosis with hyper-immunoglobulin E syndrome (HIES).

Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective study, which included 7 hospitals from 2016 to 2022. Five consecutive cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative patients with systemic infections due to STAT3-HIES were identified.

Pathogen spectrum and immunotherapy in patients with anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies: A multicenter retrospective study and systematic review.

Background: Anti-interferon-γ autoantibody (AIGA) positivity is an emerging immunodeficiency syndrome closely associated with intracellular infection in individuals without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, the information on epidemiology, pathogen spectrum, and immunotherapy among these patients lack a systematic description of large data.

Methods: This systematic literature review and multicenter retrospective study aimed to describe the pathogen spectrum and review treatment strategies among patients with AIGA positivity.

Allicin shows antifungal efficacy against by blocking the fungal cell membrane.

Allicin, which is generated by the catalytic reaction between alliin and alliinase extracted from garlic, has been shown to have a wide range of antimicrobial activities, but its anti- efficacy and mechanism are not quite clear. Here, we have determined that the Conversion rate of allicin in the reaction product reached 97.5%.

Development and clinical application of an electronic health record quality control system for pulmonary aspergillosis based on guidelines and natural language processing technology.

Background: There are considerable differences in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary aspergillosis (PA) between specialized hospitals and primary hospitals or developed areas and underdeveloped areas in China. There is a lack of electronic systems that assist respiratory physicians in standardizing the diagnosis and treatment of PA.

Methods: We extracted 26 quality control points from the latest guidelines related to PA, and developed a PA quality control system of electronic health record (EHR) based on natural language processing (NLP) techniques.

Lithocholic acid inhibits dendritic cell activation by reducing intracellular glutathione via TGR5 signaling.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the major antigen-presenting cells and play an important role in autoimmune uveitis. Emerging evidence suggests that bile acids (BAs) regulate DCs maturation. However, the underlying mechanisms by which BAs regulate the function of DCs still need to be clarified.

HMGB1 downregulation in retinal pigment epithelial cells protects against diabetic retinopathy through the autophagy-lysosome pathway.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus and currently one of the major causes of blindness. Several previous studies have demonstrated that autophagy, which is regulated by HMGB1 (high mobility group box 1), is involved in DR development. However, the role of autophagy in DR is quite complicated in that it promotes pericyte survival in early DR, whereas excessive autophagy causes excess stress and leads to necrosis.

A20 Inhibits Intraocular Inflammation in Mice by Regulating the Function of CD4+T Cells and RPE Cells.

A20 is a negative regulator of inflammation and immunity and plays a role in several autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Here, we demonstrate that A20 overexpression significantly ameliorates severity of EAU by inhibiting the infiltration of Th1 and Th17 cells, and by protecting integrity of the blood retinal barrier. studies showed that A20 silencing could promote CD4+T cells toward a Th1 and Th17 phenotype.

Decreased Expression of TGR5 in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) Disease.

: To investigate the role of G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor-1, Gpbar1 (TGR5) in the pathogenesis of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease.: The mRNA level of TGR5, iNOS, Arg1, CD16, and CD206 in macrophages was assayed by real-time PCR. ELISA was used to detect the production of cytokines in cell culture supernatants.

Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) increased aquaporin-2 expression in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Recent evidence suggests that elevated plasma levels of Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) can prolong the duration of elevated blood pressure in rats. The purpose of this study was to investigate the plasma TMAO level in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) and to explore the possible relationship between TMAO and aquaporin-2 (AQP-2) in the formation of hypertension. Twelve-week-old, male Spontaneously Hypertensive rats (SHR, n = 40) and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY, n = 40) were accordingly grouped into SHR group and WKY group.

Decreased interleukin(IL)-35 Expression is Associated with Active Intraocular Inflammation in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) Disease.

: Recent studies have reported that IL-35 has a protective effect in autoimmune disease. In this study, we explored the role of IL-35 in the pathogenesis of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease. : The IL-35/EBI3 and IL-35/P35 mRNA level was assayed by Real-Time PCR.

[Involvement of heme oxygenase in PM2.5-toxicity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells].

Objective: To investigate the involvement of heme oxygenase (HO-1) in PM2.5 induced toxic responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

Methods: The experiment groups are as follows: (1) control group; (2) PM2.