Effect of 4-methylbenzoquinone concentration on its covalent conjugates with β-lactoglobulin: Structural and functional properties.

This study examined the effect of quinone concentration on covalent interaction between β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg) and 4-methylbenzoquinone (4MBQ). β-Lg-4MBQ-0.2, β-Lg-4MBQ-0.

Enhancement of gel characteristics of curdlan thermo-irreversible gels by β-cyclodextrin and its possible mechanisms.

In this study, the influences of various concentrations of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on the gelation properties of curdlan thermo-irreversible gels were evaluated. The results revealed that water-holding capacity and freeze-thaw stability of the curdlan/β-CD complex gels initially increased but then decreased with increasing β-CD concentration, with the curdlan gel containing 1 % (w/v) β-CD demonstrating the best performance. Moreover, textural characteristics including hardness, gumminess, cohesiveness, and chewiness exhibited similar trends, but springiness showed minor effect.

Anti-inflammatory activity and underlying mechanism against sepsis-induced acute lung injury of a low-molecular-weight polysaccharide from the root of Stemona tuberosa Lour.

The root of Stemona tuberosa Lour has been used to treat tuberculosis, scabies, and eczema. Polysaccharides are among its main bioactive ingredients. A low-molecular-weight (1819 Da) polysaccharide (SPS2-A) was obtained from the root of S.

Data-Driven Model Predictive Control for Redundant Manipulators With Unknown Model.

The tracking control of redundant manipulators plays a crucial role in robotics research and generally requires accurate knowledge of models of redundant manipulators. When the model information of a redundant manipulator is unknown, the trajectory-tracking control with model-based methods may fail to complete a given task. To this end, this article proposes a data-driven neural dynamics-based model predictive control (NDMPC) algorithm, which consists of a model predictive control (MPC) scheme, a neural dynamics (ND) solver, and a discrete-time Jacobian matrix (DTJM) updating law.

Distinguishing α/β-linkages and linkage positions of disaccharides in galactooligosaccharides through mass fragmentation and liquid retention behaviour.

Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) are important prebiotics with function closely related to their structure. However, a comprehensive overview of the structure-function relationship is still limited due to the challenge in characterizing multiple isomers in GOS. This study presents a strategy of combining both hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) retention time and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) fragmentation pattern to distinguish α/β-linkages and linkage positions of disaccharide isomers in GOS through HILIC-MS/MS analysis.

In vitro simulated digestion and fermentation characteristics of pectic polysaccharides from fresh passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa L.) peel.

In this study, two pectic polysaccharides (PFP-T and PFP-UM) were extracted from fresh passion fruit peels using three-phase partitioning (TPP) and sequential ultrasound-microwave-assisted TPP methods, respectively, and their effects on the in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and fecal fermentation characteristics were examined. The results indicate that gastrointestinal digestion has a minimal effect on the physicochemical and structural characteristics of PFP-T and PFP-UM. However, during in vitro fecal fermentation, both undigested PFP-T and PFP-UM are significantly degraded and utilized by intestinal microorganisms, showing increased the total relative abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidota in the intestinal flora.

How food matrices modulate folate bioaccessibility: A comprehensive overview of recent advances and challenges.

The incomplete absorption of dietary folate makes it crucial to understand how food matrices affect folate bioaccessibility. Bioavailability encompasses bioaccessibility, which depicts the proportion that is liberated from the food matrix during digestion and becomes available for absorption. Bioavailability studies are expensive and difficult to control, whereas bioaccessibility studies utilize in vitro digestion models to parameterize the complex digestion, allowing the evaluation of the effect of food matrices on bioaccessibility.

Konjac Glucomannan Counteracted the Side Effects of Excessive Exercise on Gut Microbiome, Endurance, and Strength in an Overtraining Mice Model.

Excessive exercise without adequate rest can lead to overtraining syndrome, which manifests a series of side effects, including fatigue, gut dysbiosis, and decremental sports performance. Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is a plant polysaccharide with numerous health-improving effects, but few studies reported its effects on the gut microbiome, endurance, and strength in an overtraining model. This study assessed the effect of KGM on gut microbiome, endurance, and strength in mice with excessive exercise.

Effects of direct addition of curdlan on the gelling characteristics of thermally induced soy protein isolate gels.

In this study, the effects of the direct addition of curdlan on the physicochemical, structural, and functional properties of heat-induced soy protein isolate (SPI) gels were evaluated. Results demonstrated that the direct incorporation of curdlan enhanced the gel-forming performance, water-holding capacity, and gel strength of heat-induced SPI gels. The presence of curdlan reduced the free water molecules and α-helix content in the SPI structure and contributed to the construction of stable SPI gels with uniform and compact network structures, as visually proven by microstructure observations.

Polysaccharide extracted from cultivated Sanghuangporous vaninii spores using three-phase partitioning with enzyme/ultrasound pretreatment: Physicochemical characteristics and its biological activity in vitro.

Sanghuangporous vaninii, as a valuable dietary supplement and medicinal ingredient, contains abundant bioactive polysaccharides that have health-promoting effects. In the present study, four polysaccharides (SVSPs-C, SVSPs-E, SVSPs-U, and SVSPs-E/U) were extracted for the first time from S. vaninii spores by three-phase partitioning (TPP), enzyme pretreatment before TPP (E-TPP), ultrasonic pretreatment before TPP (U-TPP), and enzyme pretreatment followed by ultrasonic before TPP (E/U-TPP) methods, respectively.

The anti-hyperlipidemic effect and underlying mechanisms of barley ( L.) grass polysaccharides in mice induced by a high-fat diet.

Hyperlipidemia is a pathological disorder of lipid metabolism that can cause fatty liver, atherosclerosis, acute myocardial infarction, and other diseases, seriously endangering people's health. Polysaccharides have been shown to have lipid-lowering potential. In the current study, the anti-hyperlipidemia effect and potential mechanisms of a polysaccharide (BGP-Z31) obtained from barley grass harvested at the stem elongation stage in high-fat diet (HFD)-treated mice were investigated.

Automatic segmentation of cotton roots in high-resolution minirhizotron images based on improved OCRNet.

Root phenotypic parameters are the important basis for studying the growth state of plants, and root researchers obtain root phenotypic parameters mainly by analyzing root images. With the development of image processing technology, automatic analysis of root phenotypic parameters has become possible. And the automatic segmentation of roots in images is the basis for the automatic analysis of root phenotypic parameters.

Modified RNN for Solving Comprehensive Sylvester Equation With TDOA Application.

The augmented Sylvester equation, as a comprehensive equation, is of great significance and its special cases (e.g., Lyapunov equation, Sylvester equation, Stein equation) are frequently encountered in various fields.

Application of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Hyperspectral Imaging Combined with Machine Learning Algorithms for Quality Inspection of Grape: A Review.

Grape is a fruit rich in various vitamins, and grape quality is increasingly highly concerned with by consumers. Traditional quality inspection methods are time-consuming, laborious and destructive. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and hyperspectral imaging (HSI) are rapid, non-destructive and accurate techniques for quality inspection and safety assessment of agricultural products, which have great potential in recent years.

Structural characteristics and ameliorative effect of a polysaccharide from Corbicula fluminea industrial distillate against acute liver injury induced by CCl in mice.

Corbicula fluminea distillate as an important industrial by-product of C. fluminea during steaming process is rich in amino acids, proteins and polysaccharides, showing potential hepatoprotective effect. In this study, a polysaccharide (CFDP) was obtained from C.

Heat-induced amorphous aggregates assembly of soy protein modulate in vitro digestibility of potato starch.

This research focused on the characteristics of amorphous aggregates derived from soy protein (SPAA), and their effects on the structural, physicochemical, and digestive properties of potato starch (PS). The SPAA induced by different heating temperatures at pH 7.0 formed an inhomogeneous spherical structure.

A pectic polysaccharide from fresh okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) beneficially ameliorates CCl-induced acute liver injury in mice by antioxidation, inhibition of inflammation and modulation of gut microbiota.

Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (Linn.) Moench], as a well-known medicinal and food plant, has important physiological activities and health benefits, and polysaccharide is its main bioactive component. In this study, a pectic polysaccharide (OPS-50) prepared from fresh okra pods by three-phase partitioning and gradient (NH)SO precipitation at a saturation of 50% was employed in carbon tetrachloride (CCl)-caused acute liver damage in mice to evaluate the hepatoprotective potential.

Recent advances in the bioactive polysaccharides and other key components from Phellinus spp. and their pharmacological effects: A review.

Phellinus spp. is one of the largest genera of Hymenochaetaceae with approximately 220 species, such as P. vaninii, P.

In vitro simulated digestion affecting physicochemical characteristics and bioactivities of polysaccharides from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grasses at different growth stages.

In this study, three polysaccharides (BGPs: BGPs-Z21, BGPs-Z23, and BGPs-Z31) were successively extracted from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grasses (BG) at different growth stages, including seedling (Z21), tillering (Z23), and stem elongation (Z31). The effects of in vitro simulated saliva-gastrointestinal digestion on the physicochemical characteristics and biological activities of BGPs were investigated and compared.

Polysaccharide-based nanoparticles fabricated from oppositely charged curdlan derivatives for curcumin encapsulation.

In this study, carboxylic curdlan (Cur-48) and negatively charged ferulic acid (FA)-grafted carboxylic curdlan (Cur-48-g-FA) were separately used to fabricate polyelectrolyte nanoparticles (PNPs: PNPs-CQ and PNPs-CFQ) with positively charged quaternized curdlan (Qcurd) for curcumin delivery. Results showed that curcumin-loaded PNPs-CQ and PNPs-CFQ had particle sizes of 338.1 and 301.

Comparison of physicochemical characteristics and biological activities of polysaccharides from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grass at different growth stages.

Barley grass polysaccharides (BGPs) are some of the major bioactive constituents of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grass (BG). They exhibit favorable biological activities and health benefits.