Effects of Increasing the Nitrogen-Phosphorus Ratio on the Structure and Function of the Soil Microbial Community in the Yellow River Delta.

Nitrogen (N) deposition from human activities leads to an imbalance in the N and phosphorus (P) ratios of natural ecosystems, which has a series of negative impacts on ecosystems. In this study, we used 16s rRNA sequencing technology to investigate the effect of the N-P supply ratio on the bulk soil (BS) and rhizosphere soil (RS) bacterial community of halophytes in coastal wetlands through manipulated field experiments. The response of soil bacterial communities to changing N and P ratios was influenced by plants.

Response of the photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant system of to the changes of underground brine depth.

Introduction: Water and salt conditions are key factors influencing vegetation growth on shell island in the Yellow River Delta. However, the effects of the depth of underground brine on the photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant system of halophytes remain unclear.

Methods: The laboratory simulation experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of the changes of underground brine depth on using four levels of groundwater: 0 cm, 15 cm, 30 cm and 45 cm.

Root growth characteristics and antioxidant system of in response to the short-term nitrogen and phosphorus addition in the Yellow River Delta.

Human activities have increased nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) inputs to the Yellow River Delta and the supply level of N and P affects plant growth as well as ecosystem structure and function directly. However, the root growth, stoichiometry, and antioxidant system of plants in response to N and P additions, especially for herbaceous halophyte in the Yellow River Delta (YRD), remain unknown. A field experiment with N addition (0, 5, 15, and 45 g N m yr, respectively) as the main plot, and P addition (0 and 1 g N m yr, respectively) as the subplot, was carried out with a split-plot design to investigate the effects on the root morphology, stoichiometry, and antioxidant system of .

Four alkaloids from L. and their anti-inflammatory.

Four alkaloids were isolated from L., including two new compounds, 2-(4-amino-6-hydroxy-1,6-dihydropyrimidin-5-yl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-3,4-diol, named Olerapyrimidine () and (2 R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-((6-hydroxypyridin-3-yl)oxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, named Olerapyridine (), and two known compounds including 1H-imidazole () and (5S, 6 R, 7S, 8 R)-5-amino-(2Z,4Z)-1,2,3-trihydroxybuta-2,4-dienyloxy-pentane-6,7,8,9-tetraol () from for the first time. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods, including UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra.

Effects of short-term nitrogen and phosphorus addition on soil bacterial community of different halophytes.

Unlabelled: Soil microbial community composition and diversity are often affected by nutrient enrichment, which may influence soil microbes to affect nutrient cycling and plant community structure. However, the response of soil bacteria to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) addition and whether it is influenced by plants remains unclear. By 16S rRNA sequencing, we investigated the response of the rhizosphere and bulk soil bacterial communities of different halophytes (salt-rejecting, salt-absorbing, and salt-secreting plant) in the Yellow River Delta to short-term N and P addition.

Plants changed the response of bacterial community to the nitrogen and phosphorus addition ratio.

Introduction: Human activities have increased the nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) supply ratio of the natural ecosystem, which affects the growth of plants and the circulation of soil nutrients. However, the effect of the N and P supply ratio and the effect of plant on the soil microbial community are still unclear.

Methods: In this study, 16s rRNA sequencing was used to characterize the response of bacterial communities in () rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil to N and P addition ratio.

[Soil organic carbon density and its influencing factors in croplands with different cultivation years in the Northeastern Ulan Buh Desert, China].

Understanding the changes and influencing factors of soil organic carbon density (SOCD) during the conversion of uncultivated natural soil to croplands is of great significance for the assessment of carbon sequestration in arid areas. In this study, we compared SOCD in the uncultivated soil and that in croplands with different cultivation years (2-5, 12-15, 25-30, 40-50 years) in the Northeastern Ulan Buh Desert. The change of SOCD and its influencing factors at 0-2 m soil depth during the conversion of uncultivated natural soil to croplands were explored by the method of replacing time with space.

Ecological stoichiometry, salt ions and homeostasis characteristics of different types of halophytes and soils.

Studying eco-stoichiometric and salt ions characteristics of halophytes and soils is helpful to understand the distribution mechanism of nutrients and salts in halophytes and their adaptation strategies to salinized habitats. In this study, three different types of halophytes (-salt repellent, -salt accumulating, and - salt secreting) and soils were selected to analyze the differences and correlations of C, N, P stoichiometry and salt accumulation. Results showed that: (1) the total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) contents of the three halophytes' leaves were significantly higher than those of the roots and stems, and the C: N ratios were contrary to the difference mentioned above.

Water Uptake Tradeoffs of Dominant Shrub Species in the Coastal Wetlands of the Yellow River Delta, China.

and are two dominant shrub species on Chenier Island in the Yellow River Delta, China. Water is a restrictive factor determining the plant growth, vegetation composition, and community succession in this coastal zone. We investigated how water uptake tradeoffs of the two shrub species responded to soil water fluctuations caused by seasonal variations of precipitation.

Halophytes Differ in Their Adaptation to Soil Environment in the Yellow River Delta: Effects of Water Source, Soil Depth, and Nutrient Stoichiometry.

The Yellow River Delta is water, salt, and nutrient limited and hence the growth of plants depend on the surrounding factors. Understanding the water, salt, and stoichiometry of plants and soil systems from the perspective of different halophytes is useful for exploring their survival strategies. Thus, a comprehensive investigation of water, salt, and stoichiometry characteristics in different halophytes and soil systems was carried out in this area.

Study on the preparation conditions and degradation performance of an efficient immobilized microbial agent for marine oil pollution.

In the process of handling marine oil spills accidents, the biological method has attracted wide attention due to its low cost and no secondary pollution. However, in the process of practical application, there are problems such as low microbial density and great influence of environmental factors when the oil is treated by spraying microorganisms on the sea surface. This study used immobilized microorganism technology to solve the above-mentioned problems.

Evaluation system of coastal wetland ecological vulnerability under the synergetic influence of land and sea: A case study in the Yellow River Delta, China.

A comprehensive evaluation system and model of Coastal Wetland Ecological Vulnerability (CWEV) was constructed and applied to reveal spatial heterogeneity of the ecological vulnerability of the Yellow River Delta Wetland (YRDW). The results showed that the score of the ecological vulnerability (EVS) of the YRDW was 0.49, which was generally at a medium vulnerability level.

Metabolite changes associated with earthworms (Eisenia fetida) graphene exposure revealed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging.

The increased production and environmental release of graphene nanoparticles has raised concerns about its environmental impact, but the effects of graphene on living organisms at the metabolic level remain unknown. In this study, we used matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI)-based untargeted metabolomics to investigate the metabolic response of juvenile earthworms (Eisenia fetida) to graphene exposure in soil tests for the first time. Our results reveal that graphene-exposure significantly disturbs earthworm metabolome, and graphene toxicity on earthworm shows non-concentration-dependent effect.

Systematic degradation mechanism and pathways analysis of the immobilized bacteria: Permeability and biodegradation, kinetic and molecular simulation.

In order to effectively improve the degradation rate of diesel, a systematic analysis of the degradation mechanism used by immobilized bacteria is necessary. In the present study, diesel degradation mechanisms were assessed by analyzing permeability, biodegradation, adsorption kinetics, and molecular simulation. We found that bacteria immobilized on cinnamon shells and peanut shells degraded relatively high amounts of diesel (69.

Effects of shell sand burial on seedling emergence, growth and stoichiometry of Periploca sepium Bunge.

Background: Sand burial plays an irreplaceable and unique role in the growth and distribution of vegetation on the Shell Dike Island in the Yellow River Delta. There are still some unknown on the effects of sand burial on the morphology, biomass, and especially the stoichiometry of Periploca sepium, as well as the relationship between these factors.

Results: Shell sand burial depth had a significant influence on seedling emergence, growth, and biomass of P.

Mesoporous Layered Graphene Oxide/FeO/CNS Polymer Hybrids for Rapid Removal of Pb and Cd from Water.

Mesoporous layered magnetic hybrid GFP2 composed of CNS polymers, FeO nanoparticles (FeO NPs), and graphene oxide with a mesoporous layered "sandwich"-like structure was successfully explored by in situ simple polymerization tactic for rapid removal of Pb and Cd from water. It shows good selectivity and high adsorption capacity (277.78 and 49.

Response mechanism of hypocrellin colorants biosynthesis by Shiraia bambusicola to elicitor PB90.

The valuable medicine Shiraia bambusicola P. Henn. and its major active substance hypocrellin exert unique curative effects on skin diseases, diabetes, and cancers.

Response of seedling growth and physiology of Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench to saline-alkali stress.

Soil salinization is a serious problem that affects the seedling growth in many regions. A greenhouse experiment was carried to investigate the adaptation ability of seedlings (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.

Na compartmentation strategy of Chinese cabbage in response to salt stress.

Na/H antiporter (NHX), responsible for counter-transport of Na and H across membranes (Na compartmentalization), plays a central role in plant salt-tolerance. In order to explore the Na compartmentalization modes and salt tolerance strategy in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp.

Spatial pattern of plant diversity in a group of uninhabited islands from the perspectives of island and site scales.

Uninhabited islands are important for providing isolated habitats for unique biological resources, and revealing the spatial pattern of plant diversity is of great significance for the island biodiversity conservation. A total of 15 uninhabited islands in Miaodao Archipelago, a group of typical uninhabited islands in North China, were selected as the study area. The multiple gradients at island and site scales were identified and quantified based on field investigation and remote sensing methods, and seven "from macro to micro" aspects, including morphology, proximity, landscape, terrain, atmosphere, soil, and vegetation, were selected to cover all aspects of factors influencing the plant diversity.

Spatial heterogeneity of estuarine wetland ecosystem health influenced by complex natural and anthropogenic factors.

The evaluation of estuarine wetland ecosystem health (EWEH) is vital and difficult due to complex influencing factors and their spatial heterogeneities. An EWEH evaluation model was established in this study on the basis of the typical features of estuarine wetland ecosystems with focus on spatial heterogeneity. The index system comprises external factors, internal factors, and ecological state, and covers all aspects of the natural and anthropogenic factors, with each index possessing its own spatial heterogeneity.

Isolation, identification of a laccase-producing fungal strain and enzymatic properties of the laccase.

A new type of thermostable laccase was isolated from sp. GZS18, and its partial enzymatic properties were determined. A strain GZS18 of laccase with high yield was screened from forest soil and identified as sp.

Simulating spatial distribution of coastal soil carbon content using a comprehensive land surface factor system based on remote sensing.

Surface soil carbon content (SCC) in coastal area is affected by complex factors, and revealing the SCC spatial distribution is considerably significant for judging the quantity of stored carbon and identifying the driving factors of SCC variation. A comprehensive land surface factor system (CLSFS) was established; it utilized the ecological significances of remote sensing data and included four-class factors, namely, spectrum information, ecological indices, spatial location, and land cover. Different simulation algorithms, including single-factor regression (SFR), multiple-factor regression (MFR), partial least squares regression (PLSR), and back propagation neural network (BPNN), were adopted to conduct the surface (0-30cm) SCC mapping in the Yellow River Delta in China, and a 10-fold cross validation approach was used to validate the uncertainty and accuracy of the algorithms.

Influences of micro-geomorphology on the stoichiometry of C, N and P in Chenier Island soils and plants in the Yellow River Delta, China.

Studies have indicated that consistent or well-constrained (relatively low variability) carbon:nitrogen:phosphorus (C:N:P) ratios exist in large-scale ecosystems, including both marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Little is known about the C, N and P stoichiometric ratios that exist in the soils and plants of Chenier Island in the Yellow River Delta (YRD). We examined the distribution patterns and relationships of C, N and P stoichiometry in the soils and plants of Chenier Island, as well as the potential influences of the island's micro-geomorphology.

Biochars derived from various crop straws: characterization and Cd(II) removal potential.

Five types of biochars prepared from four crop straws and one wood shaving at 600 °C were characterized, and their sorption to Cd(II) were determined to investigate the differences in capacity to function as sorbents to heavy metals. Surface areas and pore volumes of the biochars were inversely correlated to the lignin content of raw biomass. The biochars derived from crop straws displayed more developed pore structure than wood char due to the higher lignin content of wood.