Skeletal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Promote Meniscal Tear Healing and Ameliorate Secondary Osteoarthritis.

Background: The self-repair ability after meniscal tears is poor, leading to the development of posttraumatic osteoarthritis. Promoting the repair of meniscal injuries remains a great challenge, especially in the avascular region.

Hypothesis: Local delivery of skeletal stem cell (SSC)-derived exosomes (SSC-Exos) would promote meniscal healing and prevent secondary osteoarthritis progression.

Irisin promotes fracture healing by improving osteogenesis and angiogenesis.

Background: Osteogenesis and angiogenesis are important for bone fracture healing. Irisin is a muscle-derived monokine that is associated with bone formation.

Methods: To demonstrate the effect of irisin on bone fracture healing, closed mid-diaphyseal femur fractures were produced in 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice.

Targeting ferroptosis suppresses osteocyte glucolipotoxicity and alleviates diabetic osteoporosis.

Diabetic osteoporosis (DOP) is the leading complication continuously threatening the bone health of patients with diabetes. A key pathogenic factor in DOP is loss of osteocyte viability. However, the mechanism of osteocyte death remains unclear.

Cell-Free Fat Extract Prevents Tail Suspension-Induced Bone Loss by Inhibiting Osteocyte Apoptosis.

As the space field has developed and our population ages, people engaged in space travel and those on prolonged bed rest are at increasing risk for bone loss and fractures. Disuse osteoporosis occurs frequently in these instances, for which the currently available anti-osteoporosis agents are far from satisfactory and have undesirable side effects. CEFFE is a cell-free fraction isolated from nanofat that is enriched with a variety of growth factors, and we aim to investigate its potential therapeutic effects on disuse osteoporosis.

Brown Adipose Tissue Rescues Bone Loss Induced by Cold Exposure.

Cold temperature activates the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to induce bone loss by altering bone remodeling. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is influenced by the SNS in cold environments. Many studies have confirmed a positive relationship between BAT volume and bone mass, but the influence and mechanism of BAT on bone and is still unknown.

Associations of osteoclastogenesis and nerve growth in subchondral bone marrow lesions with clinical symptoms in knee osteoarthritis.

Background/objective: Subchondral bone marrow lesions (BMLs) are common magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features in joints affected by osteoarthritis (OA), however, their clinical impacts and mechanisms remain controversial. Thus, we aimed to investigate subchondral BMLs in knee OA patients who underwent total knee arthroplasty (TKA), then evaluate the associations of osteoclastogenesis and nerve growth in subchondral BMLs with clinical symptoms.

Methods: Total 70 patients with primary symptomatic knee OA were involved, then separated into three groups based on MRI (without BMLs group, n ​= ​14; BMLs without cyst group, n ​= ​37; BMLs with cyst group, n ​= ​19).

Osteocyte Apoptosis Contributes to Cold Exposure-induced Bone Loss.

Emerging evidence indicates that bone mass is regulated by systemic energy balance. Temperature variations have profound effects on energy metabolism in animals, which will affect bone remodeling. But the mechanism remains unclear.

Abnormal subchondral trabecular bone remodeling in knee osteoarthritis under the influence of knee alignment.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the abnormal subchondral trabecular bone (STB) remodeling in knee osteoarthritis (OA) under the influence of knee alignment [hip-knee-ankle (HKA) angle].

Design: Forty-one patients with knee OA underwent radiographic examination before total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for the measurement of HKA angle. Tibial plateau specimens obtained during TKA were used for histomorphometric analyses to assess STB remodeling and cartilage degradation.

Osteoblast and Osteoclast Activity Affect Bone Remodeling Upon Regulation by Mechanical Loading-Induced Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Expression in Osteocytes.

Purpose: Bone remodeling is affected by mechanical stimulation. Osteocytes are the primary mechanical load-sensing cells in the bone, and can regulate osteoblast and osteoclast activity, thus playing a key role in bone remodeling. Further, bone mass during exercise is also regulated by Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF).

A predicted protein functional network aids in novel gene mining for characteristic secondary metabolites in tea plant .

Modeling a protein functional network in concerned species is an efficient approach for identifying novel genes in certain biological pathways. Tea plant is an important commercial crop abundant in numerous characteristic secondary metabolites (e.g.

Association between knee alignment, osteoarthritis disease severity, and subchondral trabecular bone microarchitecture in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disabling disease involving the entire joint tissue, and its onset and progression are affected by many factors. However, the current number of studies investigating the relationship between subchondral trabecular bone (STB), knee alignment, and OA severity is limited. We aimed to investigate the variation in tibial plateau STB microarchitecture in end-stage knee OA patients and their association with knee alignment (hip-knee-ankle, HKA, angle) and OA severity.

Irisin inhibits osteocyte apoptosis by activating the Erk signaling pathway in vitro and attenuates ALCT-induced osteoarthritis in mice.

Moderate exercise can alleviate symptoms of osteoarthritis (OA) such as pain, stiffness, and joint deformities that are associated with progressive cartilaginous degeneration, osteophyte formation, subchondral bone changes, and synovial inflammation. Irisin is an exercise-related myokine that reportedly plays a crucial role in bone remodeling. However, its role in OA remains unknown.