Molecular investigation of an epidemic dissemination of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium sequence type 80 in Guangdong Province, China.

Objectives: The detection rate of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) displayed a dramatically increase in Guangdong, China from 2021 to 2023, for which the molecular epidemiology and genomic characteristics remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the genetic features and epidemiology of VREfm isolates in Guangdong.

Methods: A total of 54 Guangdong VREfm isolates were collected from three tertiary hospitals in Guangdong.

Novel plasmid-mediated CMY variant (CMY-192) conferring ceftazidime-avibactam resistance in multidrug-resistant .

The rapid rise of multidrug resistance (MDR) among Gram-negative bacteria has accelerated the development of novel therapies. Ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) is a novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor recently approved for the treatment of limited infectious diseases. Here, we describe a novel CMY variant, CMY-192, that confers high-level resistance to CZA.

Plasmid-mediated azithromycin resistance in non-typhoidal Salmonella recovered from human infections.

Objectives: Mechanisms of non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) resistance to azithromycin have rarely been reported. Here we investigate the epidemiology and genetic features of 10 azithromycin-resistant NTS isolates.

Methods: A total of 457 NTS isolates were collected from a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou.

First report of multidrug-resistant carbapenemase-producing co-harboring and .

Hospital sewage serves as a crucial reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes. As colistin and carbapenems are the last-resort antibiotics, the emergence of their resistance genes has become a significant concern in clinical settings. In this study, we found that two novel alleles (.

Epidemiological, Genetic, and Phenotypic Characteristics of Non-Typhoidal in Young Children, as Obtained from a Tertiary Hospital in Guangzhou, China.

Gastroenteritis caused by non-typhoidal (NTS) is a significant disease in childhood, ranking as the seventh-leading cause of diarrhea mortality in children aged < 5 years. To understand the epidemiological, genetic, and phenotypic characteristics of NTS, 465 anal swabs from children aged < 5 years in a tertiary hospital in Conghua District, Guangzhou, China, were collected from June to October 2021. An average prevalence of 35.

Red imported fire ant nesting affects the structure of soil microbial community.

The red imported fire ants (RIFA, ) have become a well-known invasive species that poses significant ecological and economic threats globally. As of recent times, the geographic scope of its invasion in China is rapidly expanding, thereby aggravating the extent and severity of its detrimental effects. The importance of soil microorganisms for maintaining soil health and ecosystem function has been widely acknowledged.

Oxidative Stress and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE): Implications in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Aging-related Diseases.

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of aging-related diseases by accelerating the lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the cell membrane, resulting in the production of aldehydes, such as malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) and other toxic substances. The compound 4-HNE forms adducts with DNA or proteins, disrupting many cell signaling pathways including the regulation of apoptosis signal transduction pathways. The binding of proteins to 4-HNE (4-HNE-protein) acts as an important marker of lipid peroxidation, and its increasing concentration in brain tissues and fluids because of aging, ultimately gives rise to some hallmark disorders, such as neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases), ophthalmic diseases (dry eye, macular degeneration), hearing loss, and cancer.

Occurrence and Characteristics of s among Gram-Negative Bacteria Causing Bloodstream Infections of Infant Inpatients between 2006 and 2019 in China.

The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of mobilized colistin resistance () genes in Gram-negative bacteria causing bloodstream infections of child inpatients in China. Bacteria were collected between 2006 and 2019 in a maternal and child health hospital, and genes were screened by PCR. Five of 252 isolates were -positive, including one -positive colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolate, two -positive colistin-susceptible Salmonella enterica isolates, and two -positive colistin-susceptible Enterobacter hormaechei isolates.

Chemotaxis and Shorter O-Antigen Chain Length Contribute to the Strong Desiccation Tolerance of a Food-Isolated Strain.

is an opportunistic pathogen causing a lethality rate as high as 80% in infants. Desiccation tolerance ensures its survival in powdered infant formula (PIF) and contributes to the increased exposure to neonates, resulting in neonatal meningitis, septicemia, and necrotizing enterocolitis. This study showed that a food-isolated .

Detection of a new tet(X6)-encoding plasmid in Acinetobacter towneri.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to characterise a novel tet(X6)-carrying plasmid detected in a livestock-associated Acinetobacter towneri isolate.

Methods: PCR screening was performed to detect tet(X) variants in livestock-associated Acinetobacter spp. isolates.

National Prevalence of Salmonella enterica Serotype Kentucky ST198 with High-Level Resistance to Ciprofloxacin and Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporins in China, 2013 to 2017.

serotype Kentucky is frequently associated with high-level fluoroquinolone resistance and has gained epidemiological importance globally. A retrospective screening was performed to understand the national prevalence of ciprofloxacin-resistant Kentucky in China. strains (=15,405) were collected within the frame of two national surveillance networks between 2013 and 2017.

Identification of mcr-10 carried by self-transmissible plasmids and chromosome in Enterobacter roggenkampii strains isolated from hospital sewage water.

The recent emergence of plasmid-borne mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) genes largely challenges the clinical use of colistin. Monitoring the distribution of mcr genes in environment is important for aiding to develop effective control measures. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the occurrence of a recent reported mcr variant, mcr-10, in hospital sewage water.

Dissemination of a 'rare' extended-spectrum β-lactamase gene bla mediated by epidemic clones of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacter hormaechei in China.

An increasing trend of the coexistence of a rare extended-spectrum β-lactamase gene bla and carbapenemase genes in Enterobacteriaceae has recently been noted. This study aimed to determine the epidemiological and genetic characterisation of SFO-1-positive carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex (CREC) isolates. A total of 61 CREC clinical isolates were collected in the framework of a national surveillance for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae during 2011-2015 in China.

High prevalence of a globally disseminated hypervirulent clone, Staphylococcus aureus CC121, with reduced vancomycin susceptibility in community settings in China.

Objectives: Most vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) and heterogeneous VISA (hVISA) are derived from hospital-associated MRSA due to treatment failure; however, the prevalence of hVISA/VISA in community settings remains unclear.

Methods: Four hundred and seventy-six community-associated isolates were collected between 2010 and 2011 during national surveillance for antimicrobial resistance in 31 county hospitals across China. Drug susceptibility evaluation and mecA detection were performed by using broth microdilution and PCR analysis, respectively.

Structural studies on the O-polysaccharide of Escherichia coli O57.

Mild acid hydrolysis of the lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli O57 afforded an O-polysaccharide, which was isolated by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and studied by sugar analysis, Smith degradation and solvolysis with trifluoroacetic acid, along with 2D H and C NMR spectroscopy. The O-polysaccharide was found to contain d-Glc, d-Gal, d-GalA, d-GlcNAc, and l-FucNAc, as well as O-acetyl groups. Smith degradation of the O-deacetylated polysaccharide destroyed side-branch β-Glсp and α-GalpA to give a modified linear polysaccharide.