Brain development during the lifespan of cynomolgus monkeys.

The use of stereotaxic brain templates in automatic neuroimage analysis has become the predominant technology. However, in the context of experiment studies involving cynomolgus monkeys, there is a lack of adequate brain templates. This gap poses a challenge to effectively utilize cynomolgus monkeys in neuroscience research.

Discovery of a highly specific radiolabeled antibody targeting B-cell maturation antigen: Applications in PET imaging of multiple myeloma.

Purpose: Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells (PC) in the bone marrow (BM). B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) is predominantly expressed in malignant plasma cells, and associated with the proliferation, survival, and progression of various myeloma cells. Given these important roles, BCMA emerges as an ideal target antigen for MM therapy.

Risk factors and clinical prediction models for osteoporosis in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients.

Background: Osteoporosis in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients has been overlooked, and the risk factors of osteoporosis in these patients have not been adequately studied.

Objective: To identify risk factors for osteoporosis in pre-dialysis CKD patients and develop predictive models to estimate the likelihood of osteoporosis.

Methods: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure bone mineral density, and clinical examination results were collected from 326 pre-dialysis CKD patients.

Assessment of whole-body and regional body fat using abdominal quantitative computed tomography in Chinese women and men.

Background: Being overweight or obese has become a serious public health concern, and accurate assessment of body composition is particularly important. More precise indicators of body fat composition include visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass and total body fat percentage (TBF%). Study objectives included examining the relationships between abdominal fat mass, measured by quantitative computed tomography (QCT), and the whole-body and regional fat masses, measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), as well as to derive equations for the prediction of TBF% using data obtained from multiple QCT slices.

The value of the first postoperative diagnostic I-131 scan in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Objective: To explore the feasibility of the postoperative diagnostic I whole-body planar scans (Dx-WBS) in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients, and to clarify its value for accurate staging, risk stratification, and postoperative radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment management.

Design: Retrospective study from 2015 to 2021.

Setting: A total of 1294 PTC patients in the tertiary referral hospital.

Predictive value of metabolic parameters derived from preoperative F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography for brain metastases in patients with surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Brain metastases (BMs) are common complications in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the metabolic parameters derived from preoperative F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) can predict BM development in patients with surgically resected NSCLC.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 128 consecutive patients with stage I-IIIA NSCLC who underwent F-FDG PET/CT before curative surgery at The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University between November 2012 and October 2021.

Precision of quantitative parameters of F-FDG PET/CT in a rabbit VX2 tumor model.

Background: The precision reflecting repeated measurement error of quantitative parameters of flourine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) for evaluating the therapeutic effect of solid tumor can help observe whether a real biologic change in glucose metabolism occurred, or if the change was caused by errors before and after the treatment.

Methods: A total of 18 VX2 tumor-bearing male New Zealand rabbits confirmed by pathology were used, three of which were used for determining the best scanning time point after injection and 15 for a precision experiment by repeating PET/CT scans for three consecutive days. The PET volume computer-assisted reading (PET VCAR) software (GE Healthcare) was used to analyze the standardized uptake value (SUV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) parameters.

Establishing age-adjusted trabecular bone score curves using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in Chinese women and men: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Trabecular bone score (TBS) is a relatively new gray-level textural parameter that provides information on bone microarchitecture. TBS has been shown to be a good predictor of fragility fractures independent of bone density and clinical risk factors. Estimating the normal reference values of TBS in both sexes among the Chinese population is necessary to improve the clinical fracture risk assessment.

Development and validation of nomograms for predicting survival in differentiated thyroid cancer patients with or without radioiodine therapy.

Objective: This study aimed to establish and validate the nomograms for predicting overall survival (OS) probabilities in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients who received and did not receive radioiodine therapy (RAI), respectively.

Methods: In this study, 11, 099 patients diagnosed with DTC in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2004 to 2016 were selected. Whether they have RAI, they are divided into RAI (n=6427) and non-RAI (n=4672) groups.

Predictive value of baseline metabolic tumor burden on F-FDG PET/CT for brain metastases in patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

Objectives: Brain metastases (BMs) are a major cause leading to the failure of treatment management for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of baseline metabolic tumor burden on F-FDG PET/CT measured with metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) for brain metastases (BMs) development in patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after treatment.

Methods: Forty-seven patients with stage IIB-IIIC NSCLC who underwent baseline F-FDG PET/CT examinations were retrospectively reviewed.

Analysis of serum bone turnover markers in female cynomolgus monkeys of different ages.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine bone turnover markers, estradiol, parathyroid hormone, and 25 hydroxyvitamin D, in cynomolgus monkeys at different ages to improve our understanding of the changes in bone turnover markers throughout the life cycle of cynomolgus monkeys and to provide a basis for the establishment of a non-human primate model of osteoporosis.

Methods: Total Body Bone Mineral Density and Total Body Bone Mineral Content were measured using Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry in cynomolgus monkeys at different ages. Serum bone turnover marker' levels were measured using enzyme immunoassays at each age group, and the relationship between bone turnover markers and age was assessed by Spearman rank correlation analysis to investigate the relationship between bone turnover markers and age in female cynomolgus monkeys.

Recent developments on the application of molecular probes in multiple myeloma: Beyond [F]FDG.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplastic plasma cell proliferative disorder characterized by various osteolytic bone destruction as a radiological morphological marker. Functional imaging, particularly nuclear medicine imaging, is a promising method to visualize disease processes before the appearance of structural changes by targeting specific biomarkers related to metabolism ability, tumor microenvironment as well as neoplastic receptors. In addition, by targeting particular antigens with therapeutic antibodies, immuno-PET imaging can support the development of personalized theranostics.

A method for evaluation of patient-specific lean body mass from limited-coverage CT images and its application in PERCIST: comparison with predictive equation.

Background: Standardized uptake value (SUV) normalized by lean body mass ([LBM] SUL) is recommended as metric by PERCIST 1.0. The James predictive equation (PE) is a frequently used formula for LBM estimation, but may cause substantial error for an individual.

PET Imaging of VEGFR with a Novel Cu-Labeled Peptide.

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) are well recognized as significant biomarkers of tumor angiogenesis. Herein, we have developed a first-of-its-kind peptide-based VEGFR positron emission tomography (PET) tracer. The novel [Cu]VEGF peptide possessed satisfactory radio-characteristics and showed good specificity for the visualization of VEGFR in various mouse models, in which the tumor-specific radioactivity uptake was highly correlated to the VEGFR expression level.

Sex-specific and age-specific characteristics of body composition and its effect on bone mineral density in adults in southern China: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study was an attempt to investigate the variation trend of body composition with ageing and explore the association between regional body composition and bone mineral density (BMD).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting And Participants: A total of 5749 healthy adults aged 20-95 years was recruited from 2004 to 2017.

Visible-light induced decarboxylative coupling of redox-active esters with disulfides to construct C-S bonds.

A novel method has been established for the construction of C-S bonds using redox-active esters with disulfides in the presence of Ru-photoredox catalyst. This method exhibits remarkable functional group tolerance across a wide scope of substrates. Under mild conditions, a structurally diverse array of aryl alkyl sulfides is successfully and efficiently obtained through decarboxylative cross-coupling.

Radiosynthesis and preliminary evaluation of C-labeled 4-cyclopropyl-7-(3-methoxyphenoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2-benzo[] [1,2,4] thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide for PET imaging AMPA receptors.

The α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs) belong to the family of ionotropic transmembrane receptors for glutamate (iGluRs) that are implicated in the pathology of neurological disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Inspired by a recently developed positive allosteric modulator of AMPARs, 4-cyclopropyl-7-(3-methoxyphenoxy)-3,4-dihydro-2-benzo[ ][1,2,4]thiadiazine 1,1-dioxide (; EC = 2.0 nM), we designed a new synthetic route for -protected phenolic precursor and efficiently radiolabeled a PET ligand [C] ([C]) using a modified one-pot two-step strategy in high radiochemical yield and high molar activity.

Sequential PET/diffusion-weighted imaging in the evaluation of myocardial perfusion and viability in coronary artery disease: a preliminary study.

Objectives: To evaluate the utility of sequential F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET/diffusion-weighted imaging in assessing myocardial perfusion and viability in coronary artery disease.

Methods: Fourteen coronary artery disease patients and five non-coronary artery disease subjects underwent sequential cardiac F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET/diffusion-weighted imaging using a trimodality PET/computed tomography-MRI system. The perfusion data were acquired by measuring low b-values apparent diffusion coefficient using diffusion-weighted imaging.

Preliminary clinical results for PET/MR compared with PET/CT in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

The present study aimed to assess the performance of positron emission tomography‑magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MR) for the visualization and characterization of lesions. In addition, the present study investigated whether the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and intravoxel incoherent motion parameters exhibited any significant correlation with standardized uptake values (SUV) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). A total of 35 patients with NPC underwent whole body PET‑computed tomography (CT) and head and neck MR imaging (MRI) scans using the PET/CT‑MRI system.

A population stereotaxic positron emission tomography brain template for the macaque and its application to ischemic model.

Purpose: Positron emission tomography (PET) is a non-invasive imaging tool for the evaluation of brain function and neuronal activity in normal and diseased conditions with high sensitivity. The macaque monkey serves as a valuable model system in the field of translational medicine, for its phylogenetic proximity to man. To translation of non-human primate neuro-PET studies, an effective and objective data analysis platform for neuro-PET studies is needed.