From 1-D to 3-D: LIBS Pseudohyperspectral Data Cube Deep Learning Mechanism Used in Nuclear Metal Materials Classification.

In this paper, we propose a new spectral data mechanism called LIBS pseudohyperspectral data cube. This mechanism allows for the utilization of multidimensional information from laser-induced plasma, transforming 1-D LIBS spectra into 3-D data cube. Specifically, two additional dimensions are introduced to capture spectral variations information, allowing more features to be learned during pretraining.

Ionic Liquid-Based Polarity-Adjustable Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction Followed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode-Array Detection for the Determination of Liposoluble Anthraquinones in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. Root.

A simple, green, and efficient ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvents (DESs) extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector was established to detect four liposoluble anthraquinones in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge. root. In this study, a series of polarity-adjustable DESs were prepared using n-hexanol and tetrabutylammonium chloride, and their structure, density, viscosity, pH, and thermal stability were determined.

Gastrodin inhibits reactive astrocyte-mediated inflammation in hypoxic-ischemic brain damage through S100B/RAGE-Smad3 signaling.

Activated astrocytes and their associated inflammatory responses play critical roles in the pathogenesis of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD). Gastrodin (GAS), an anti-inflammatory herbal agent, is known to suppress microglial activation. Here, we investigate whether it exerts a similar effect on activated astrocytes and whether it acts through S100B/RAGE-Smad3 signaling.

Efficacy and safety of fruquintinib combined with PD-1 inhibitors in the treatment of refractory metastatic colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Fruquintinib, a VEGFR1-3 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is approved for treating refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. Recent clinical practice has shown that combining fruquintinib with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors can achieve better efficacy.The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of combining PD-1inhibitors with fruquintinib.

Interactions between the metabolic reprogramming of liver cancer and tumor microenvironment.

Metabolic reprogramming is one of the major biological features of malignant tumors, playing a crucial role in the initiation and progression of cancer. The tumor microenvironment consists of various non-cancer cells, such as hepatic stellate cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), immune cells, as well as extracellular matrix and soluble substances. In liver cancer, metabolic reprogramming not only affects its own growth and survival but also interacts with other non-cancer cells by influencing the expression and release of metabolites and cytokines (such as lactate, PGE2, arginine).

Alzheimer's disease with depression: clinical characteristics and potential mechanisms involving orexin and brain atrophy.

This study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics and alteration of orexinergic level in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the volumes of brain grey and white matters, and investigate the roles of orexinergic level on the association between brain atrophy and depression in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. The demographic variables of 156 participants were collected. Orexinergic level in CSF and the volumes of brain grey and white matters were evaluated.

SFP6 fluorescent probes for imaging SAM dynamics in living cells.

A genetically encoded probe, SFP6 (S-adenosyl-L-methionine fluorescent probe), based on the principle of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) was developed. The SFP6 probe dynamically visualizes changes in S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) levels in living cells with high spatiotemporal resolution. The results demonstrated that SFP6 exhibits high sensitivity to SAM, can be stably expressed in various mammalian cells, and has excellent biocompatibility.

Optimization and investigation of parameters for underwater gas-flow fiber-optic LIBS system.

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), as a promising in situ elemental detection technology, has gained significant attention for its suitability for complex environments. However, its application in underwater environments is hindered by water's impact on the evolution of plasma, making detection more challenging. In this study, a gas-flow fiber-optic LIBS probe was developed for underwater environments.

Cannabidiol alleviates the inflammatory response in rats with traumatic brain injury through the PGE -EP2-cAMP-PKA signaling pathway.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a recognized global public health problem. However, there are still limitations in the available therapeutic approaches and a lack of clinically effective drugs. Therefore, an in-depth exploration of the secondary pathological mechanism of TBI and the identification of new effective drugs are urgently needed.

Multimodality imaging in cardiac sarcoidosis: A case series of diverse phenotypes.

Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) represents a rare yet potentially life-threatening condition characterized by non-specific clinical symptoms that maybe easily missed by clinicians. In this case series, the clinical presentations, various imaging modalities' characteristics, and the management of four patients, each with distinct phenotypes of CS confirmed through endomyocardial biopsy, are discussed. Advanced imaging techniques, including positron emission tomography, revealed the focal septal uptake of F fluorodeoxyglucose, which suggests an ongoing inflammation, whereas contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance demonstrates septal late gadolinium enhancement, which indicates replacement fibrosis.

Risk factors for postoperative acute kidney injury after cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Background: Acute kidney injury after CRS + HIPEC is a serious postoperative complication, but only a few studies have reported its postoperative risk factors. In addition, there are large discrepancies in the results of available observational studies.

Methods: We searched The Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science,and PubMed to identify observational studies reporting risk factors for AKI after CRS + HIPEC.

Apathy in Alzheimer's disease: Eye movements characteristics and neurostructural basis.

Background: We sought to evaluate the characteristics of eye movements in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with apathy (AD-A) and their ability to identify AD-A and explore the shared neurostructure of eye movements and apathy.

Methods: Total 32 normal controls, 36 AD-A, and 72 AD with no apathy (AD-NA) patients were recruited. Parameters of smooth pursuit, fixation, prosaccade, and antisaccade were compared among the three groups.

Poorly controlled type II diabetes mellitus significantly enhances postoperative chemoresistance in patients with stage III colon cancer.

Background: Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been associated with increased risk of colon cancer (CC) and worse prognosis in patients with metastases. The effects of T2DM on postoperative chemoresistance rate (CRR) and long-term disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with stage III CC who receive curative resection remain controversial.

Aim: To investigate whether T2DM or glycemic control is associated with worse postoperative survival outcomes in stage III CC.

Correlation of Hyaluronic Acid (HA), Syndecan-1 (SDC-1), Heparan Sulfate (HS) With Early Stage End Organ Dysfunction in Sepsis Patients.

The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between the changes in early degradation products of polysaccharide coatings [such as hyaluronic acid (HA), syndecan-1 (SDC-1), and heparan sulfate (HS)] and the development of organ dysfunction in sepsis patients. We conducted a retrospective analysis on 140 sepsis patients admitted from January 2021 to June 2022, who formed the study group; 100 healthy individuals who underwent health checks during the same period were included as the control group. The study found that the expression levels of HA, SDC-1, and HS on admission and within 24 hours of admission in sepsis patients, as well as the early change rates, were positively correlated with organ dysfunction ( P < 0.

Clinical Features of Chinese Patients With Bullous Pemphigoid Induced by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

Objective To explore the clinical features and treatments of Chinese patients with bullous pemphigoid (BP) induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 18 Chinese patients with ICI-induced BP treated in the Peking Union Medical College Hospital and 14 Chinese patients with this disease reported in the literature.Furthermore,the research data of non-Chinese patients were used for comparison to outline the clinical features and treatment responses of the Chinese patients.

Causality between insulin use and malignant tumors of the digestive system: a two-sample mendelian randomized study.

Background: Existing cohort studies show no association between insulin use and cancers of the digestive system, while numerous meta-analyses suggest that insulin use increases the risk of digestive system tumours. This study uses two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to further investigate the causal relationship between the two.

Methods: We selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) strongly associated with insulin use as instrumental variables and used aggregated statistics on digestive system neoplasms as the outcome event.

Mediating effect of social support in the relationship of symptom burden and fear of disease progression in stroke patients.

Aims: To investigate the current status and influencing factors of fear of disease progression in stroke patients, and to analyze the mediating effect of social support between symptom burden and the fear of disease progression.

Methods: A cross-sectional study recruited 235 stroke patients in a convenience sample from the neurology department of a tertiary hospital in China. The general information questionnaire, social support rating scale, stroke symptom experience scale, and fear of progression questionnaire short form were utilized for the survey.

Abnormal eye movements: relationship with clinical symptoms and predictive value for Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Abnormal eye movements occur at the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the characteristics of abnormal eye movements of patients with AD and their relationship with clinical symptoms remain inconsistent, and their predictive value for diagnosing and monitoring the progression of AD remains unclear.

Methods: A total of 42 normal controls, 63 patients with mild cognitive impairment due to AD (AD-MCI), and 49 patients with dementia due to AD (AD-D) were recruited.

The "entanglement" between bullous pemphigoid and diabetes mellitus: a comprehensive review and expert recommendations.

Introduction: Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune bullous disease characterized by subepidermal tense blisters, accompanied by urticarial or eczema-like lesions. Circulating autoantibodies in BP patients target BP180 and BP230 at the dermal-epidermal junction. There has been a growing interest in unraveling the intricate relationship between BP and diabetes mellitus (DM), but a comprehensive review is lacking.