SREBP1c-Mediated Transcriptional Repression of YME1L1 Contributes to Acute Kidney Injury by Inducing Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Tubular Epithelial Cells.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a prevalent clinical syndrome with high morbidity and mortality. Accumulating studies suggest mitochondrial dysfunction as the typical characteristics and key process of AKI, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. The YME1-like 1 (YME1L1) ATPase, an inner mitochondrial membrane protein, is screened and identified to be downregulated in renal tubular epithelial cells of various mouse models and patients of AKI.

Macrophage-Derived Type I IFN, Renal Tubular Epithelial Cell Polyploidization, and AKI-to-CKD Transition.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is recognized as a common risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Renal tubular epithelial cell polyploidization after AKI is closely associated with maladaptive repair, while the regulatory and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we set out to investigate the mechanism of tubular epithelial cell polyploidization and their role in the AKI-to-CKD transition.

An Artificial Intelligence Approach for Test-Free Identification of Sarcopenia.

Background: The diagnosis of sarcopenia relies extensively on human and equipment resources and requires individuals to personally visit medical institutions. The objective of this study was to develop a test-free, self-assessable approach to identify sarcopenia by utilizing artificial intelligence techniques and representative real-world data.

Methods: This multicentre study enrolled 11 661 middle-aged and older adults from a national survey initialized in 2011.

Role of G protein coupled receptors in acute kidney injury.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical condition characterized by a rapid decline in kidney function, which is associated with local inflammation and programmed cell death in the kidney. The G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent the largest family of signaling transduction proteins in the body, and approximately 40% of drugs on the market target GPCRs. The expressions of various GPCRs, prostaglandin receptors and purinergic receptors, to name a few, are significantly altered in AKI models.

Coagulation Risk Predicting in Anticoagulant-Free Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy.

Introduction: Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is a prolonged continuous extracorporeal blood purification therapy to replace impaired renal function. Typically, CRRT therapy requires routine anticoagulation, but for patients at risk of bleeding and with contraindications to sodium citrate, anticoagulant-free dialysis therapy is necessary. However, this approach increases the risk of CRRT circuit coagulation, leading to treatment interruption and increased resource consumption.

Trim47 prevents hematopoietic stem cell exhaustion during stress by regulating MAVS-mediated innate immune pathway.

The maintenance of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) functional integrity is essential for effective hematopoietic regeneration when suffering from injuries. Studies have shown that the innate immune pathways play crucial roles in the stress response of HSCs, whereas how to precisely modulate these pathways is not well characterized. Here, we identify the E3 ubiquitin ligase tripartite motif-containing 47 (Trim47) as a negative regulator of the mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS)-mediated innate immune pathway in HSCs.

Causal relationships between vitamin E and multiple kidney diseases: evidence from trans-ethnic Mendelian randomization study.

Purpose: The association between vitamin E and the risk of kidney disease is well documented in observational studies, but the role of vitamin E in kidney disease remain inconclusive. Here, we evaluated the causal effect of vitamin E on the risk of multiple kidney diseases, including chronic kidney disease, membranous nephropathy, diabetic nephropathy, IgA nephropathy, and dialysis.

Methods: We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis from large-scale trans-ancestry genome-wide association studies to determine whether there was a significant causal relationship between vitamin E and multiple kidney diseases in European, American, and Asian ancestry.

P-selectin Facilitates SARS-CoV-2 Spike 1 Subunit Attachment to Vesicular Endothelium and Platelets.

SARS-CoV-2 infection starts from the association of its spike 1 (S1) subunit with sensitive cells. Vesicular endothelial cells and platelets are among the cell types that bind SARS-CoV-2, but the effectors that mediate viral attachment on the cell membrane have not been fully elucidated. Herein, we show that P-selectin (SELP), a biomarker for endothelial dysfunction and platelet activation, can facilitate the attachment of SARS-CoV-2 S1.

A Klotho-Based Machine Learning Model for Prediction of both Kidney and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Introduction: This study aimed to develop and validate machine learning (ML) models based on serum Klotho for predicting end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: Five different ML models were trained to predict the risk of ESKD and CVD at three different time points (3, 5, and 8 years) using a cohort of 400 non-dialysis CKD patients. The dataset was divided into a training set (70%) and an internal validation set (30%).

Lactic acid bacteria and yeast co-fermented milk alleviate cow milk allergy.

Cow milk allergy is one of the common food allergies. Our previous study showed that the allergenicity of fermented milk is lower than that of unfermented skimmed milk in vitro, and the antigenicity of β-lactoglobulin and α-lactalbumin in fermented milk was decreased by 67.54% and 80.

Pyroptosis: The Determinator of Cell Death and Fate in Acute Kidney Injury.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is kidney damage that leads to a rapid decline in function. AKI primarily occurs when the tubular epithelium is damaged, causing swelling, loss of brush margin, and eventual apoptosis. Research has shown that tubular epithelial cell damage in AKI is linked to cell cycle arrest, autophagy, and regulation of cell death.

The outcome and related risk factors of unvaccinated patients with end-stage kidney disease during the Omicron pandemic: a multicentre retrospective study.

Objectives: The study aims to identify the outcome and the related factors of unvaccinated patients with end-stage kidney disease during the Omicron pandemic.

Design: A multicentre retrospective study of patients with end-stage kidney disease undergone maintenance haemodialysis (HD) in China.

Setting: 6 HD centres in China.

Immunosuppressant Agents as Add-On Therapy Failed to Improve the Outcome of Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy with Crescent Score C1.

Introduction: The renoprotective benefits of adding immunosuppressant therapy to corticosteroid (CS) treatment for immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) patients with less than 25% crescent formation (C1) remain uncertain, warranting further research.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on IgAN patients with crescent C1 lesions confirmed by renal biopsy at Xinqiao Hospital between May 1, 2017, and May 1, 2020. Patients were stratified into either the CS treatment group or the CS combined with an additional immunosuppressant therapy group.

Clinical and genetic analysis of a case of Gitelman syndrome accompanied with Graves disease and adrenocortical adenoma: A case report.

Rationale: Gitelman syndrome (GS), also known as familial hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia, is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disease caused by primary renal desalinization caused by impaired reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions in the distal renal tubules. We report a case of clinical and genetic characteristics of GS accompanied with Graves disease and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)-independent adrenocortical adenoma.

Patient Concerns: The patient is a 45 year old female, was admitted to our hospital, due to a left adrenal gland occupying lesion as the chief complaint.

Risk factors and outcomes in patients who switched from peritoneal dialysis to physician-oriented or patient-oriented kidney replacement therapy.

Background: We aimed to compare the cardiovascular events and mortality in patients who underwent either physician-oriented or patient-oriented kidney replacement therapy (KRT) conversion due to discontinuation of peritoneal dialysis (PD).

Methods: Patients with end-stage kidney disease who were receiving PD and required a switch to an alternative KRT were included. They were divided into physician-oriented group or patient-oriented group based on the decision-making process.

Bone morphogenetic protein 10 and atrial fibrillation.

Background: The association between bone morphogenetic protein 10 (BMP10) and atrial fibrillation (AF) has been widely investigated by observational studies, but their causal relationships remain inconclusive. Here, we aimed to evaluate the causal effect of BMP10 on the risk of AF through single-nucleotide polymorphisms.

Methods: A Mendelian randomization (MR) analytic framework was applied to data from two BMP10-specific genome-wide association studies comprising a total of 11,036,163 single-nucleotide polymorphisms of European ancestry.

A Case of High-Altitude Renal Syndrome.

Wang, Si-Yang, Jun Liang, and Jing-Hong Zhao. A Case of High-Altitude Renal Syndrome. 00:000-000, 2024.

Association between the Triglyceride Glucose Index and All-Cause Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Kidney Injury.

Introduction: The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index is a reliable alternative biomarker of insulin resistance, but the association between the TyG index and acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients remains unclear.

Methods: The data for the study were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database. Cox regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were performed to analyze the association between the TyG index and all-cause mortality.

Fate mapping of Spp1 expression reveals age-dependent plasticity of disease-associated microglia-like cells after brain injury.

Microglial reactivity to injury and disease is emerging as a heterogeneous, dynamic, and crucial determinant in neurological disorders. However, the plasticity and fate of disease-associated microglia (DAM) remain largely unknown. We established a lineage tracing system, leveraging the expression dynamics of secreted phosphoprotein 1（Spp1） to label and track DAM-like microglia during brain injury and recovery.

Klotho-derived peptide KP1 ameliorates SARS-CoV-2-associated acute kidney injury.

The severe cases of COVID-19, a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), often present with acute kidney injury (AKI). Although old age and preexisting medical conditions have been identified as principal risk factors for COVID-19-associated AKI, the molecular basis behind such a connection remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the pathogenic role of Klotho deficiency in COVID-19-associated AKI and explored the therapeutic potential of Klotho-derived peptide 1 (KP1).