Cobalt phosphide nanoarrays on a borate-modified nickel foam substrate as an efficient dual-electrocatalyst for overall water splitting.

Developing efficient non-noble metal dual-functional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting is essential for the production of green hydrogen. Given the significant advantages of self-supporting electrodes, regulating the growth of self-supporting nanoarrays on a conductive substrate is conducive to improving the electrocatalytic activity. In this work, aligned cobalt phosphide (CoP) nanowire arrays grown on borate-modified Ni foam substrate (CoP/R-NF) were utilized as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for both hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) and oxygen evolution reactions (OER) in alkaline solution.

Construction of a prognostic model based on disulfidptosis-related genes and identification of CCNA2 as a novel biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Disulfidptosis, identified as an innovative form of cellular death subsequent to cuproptosis, is currently under investigation for its mechanisms in oncological contexts. In-depth analyses exploring the relationship between disulfidptosis-related genes (DRGs) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are currently limited.

Methods: Transcriptomic data and clinical information were retrieved from the TCGA and GEO databases (GSE76427 and GSE54236), concentrating on the expression levels of 24 DRGs.

Numerical investigation of steering synchronization dynamics of laterally coupled laser array with monolithically-integrated external cold cavity.

This study numerically explores the synchronization dynamics of a one-dimension edge-emitting laser array monolithically-integrated with an external cold cavity comprehensively, aiming to achieve an in-phase mode optical field. By employing the optical feedback rate equation, the impact of mutual feedback coefficient and coupling coefficient on the synchronization process are investigated thoroughly. The proposed external cold cavity, designed according to the Talbot effect, could significantly diminish the reflectivity of front facet through separated electrode structure, therefore facilitating the phase-locking process.

Bidirectional Mendelian randomization links gut microbiota to primary biliary cholangitis.

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and gut microbiota (GM) are epidemiologically correlated but the causal inter-relationships remain poorly understood. We aim to explore the causal relationships between GM and PBC. Using the MiBioGen consortium, GWAS data for GM at the species level and the largest publicly available PBC GWAS data to date, we performed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization by the inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted model and MR-PRESSO to elucidate the potential causal role of GM in PBC.

Shaoyao-Gancao Decoction, a famous Chinese medicine formula, protects against APAP-induced liver injury by promoting autophagy/mitophagy.

Background: Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity is a major cause of acute liver failure (ALF), during which autophagy is triggered as a cellular defense mechanism. Shaoyao-Gancao Decoction (SGD), a traditional prescription in Chinese Medicine, is renowned for its therapeutic effects on liver diseases. However, the efficacy and mechanisms of SGD in treating APAP-induced liver injury remain underexplored.

Multiomic analysis of monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Background: Monocyte-derived alveolar macrophages (Mo_AMs) are increasingly recognised as potential pathogenic factors for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). While scRNAseq analysis has proven valuable in the transcriptome profiling of Mo_AMs, the integration analysis of multi-omics may provide additional dimensions of understanding of these cellular populations.

Methods: We performed multi-omics analysis on 116 scRNAseq, 119 bulkseq and five scATACseq lung tissue samples from IPF.

An herbal formula Shenlian decoction upregulates M1/M2 macrophage proportion in hepatocellular carcinoma by suppressing complement cascade.

The immunosuppressive microenvironment is a vital factor for the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. However, effective treatment is lacking at current. Shenlian decoction (SLD) is a registered herbal therapy for the HCC treatment, but the underlying mechanism of SLD remains largely elusive.

New Insights into Gas-Solid Interactions of NO/MoS Monolayers: a Comparative Study with MoSe and MoTe Monolayers.

Understanding the microscopic electronic structure determines the macroscopic properties of the materials. Sufficient sampling has the same foundational importance in understanding the interactions. The NO/MoS interaction is well known, but there are still many inconsistencies in the basic data, and the source of the NO direct dissociation activity has not been revealed.

Comparison of three colloidal gold immunoassays and GeneXpert Carba-R for the detection of variants.

The increasing use of ceftazidime-avibactam has led to the emergence of a wide range of ceftazidime-avibactam-resistant variants. Particularly, the conventional carbapenemase phenotypic assay exhibited a high false-negative rate for KPC-2 variants. In this study, three colloidal gold immunoassays, including the Gold Mountainriver CGI test, Dynamiker CGI test and NG-Test CARBA5, and GeneXpert Carba-R, were used to detect the presence of KPC-2 carbapenemase and its various variants in 42 strains.

Human Serum Albumin Mediated Controllable Synthesis of Defect-Rich Copper Hydroxide Nanowire for Cuproptosis-Based Anti-Tumor Therapy.

Cuproptosis, as a newly identified form of programmed cell death, shows great promise in cancer treatment. Efficient Cu delivery while avoiding systemic toxicity and elimination of the resistance from over-expressed intracellular copper chelator glutathione (GSH) are critical for cuproptosis. Herein, this work innovatively constructs a biocompatible and defect-rich copper hydroxide nanowire (HCu nanowire) through a human serum albumin (HSA) mediated biomineralization method.

Xiaozhi formula attenuates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating lipid metabolism via activation of AMPK and PPAR pathways.

Background: Xiaozhi formula (XZF) is a practical Chinese herbal formula for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which possesses an authorized patent certificate issued by the State Intellectual Property Office of China (ZL202211392355.0). However, the underlying mechanism by which XZF treats NAFLD remains unclear.

Bird's Nest-Shaped Sb WO /D-Fru Composite for Multi-Stage Evaporator and Tandem Solar Light-Heat-Electricity Generators.

Herein, an integrated solar-thermal-power protocol is presented at a micro-nanoscopic level to maximize the energy utilization efficiency involving utilization period and utilization patterns, and the nexus of freshwater production and nanogeneration is realized. This sophisticated vaporization device is constructed with the merits of thermally confined evaporation space in favor of recycling latent heat of condensation and optimizing light absorption based on the local sunlight angle of incidence. Inspired by a bird's nest, Sb WO /D-Fructose composites are prepared as photothermal absorbers to achieve a superior water evaporation rate of 2.

A rapid and high-throughput multiplex genetic detection assay for detection, semi-quantification and virulence genotyping of in non-invasive oral samples.

Aim: This study established a high-throughput multiplex genetic detection assay (HMGA) for rapid identification, semi-quantification and virulence analysis of directly from the clinical non-invasive oral samples.

Methods: The gastric mucosa and oral samples were collected from 242 patients in Shanghai from 2021 to 2022. All the samples were detected by routine clinical tests for and Sanger sequenced for inconsistent results.

Integrin α2 promotes immune escape in non-small-cell lung cancer by enhancing PD-L1 expression in exosomes to inhibit CD8 + T-cell activity.

This study intended to delineate the mechanism and functional role of integrin α2 (ITGA2) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell immune escape. Bioinformatics analysis was utilized to analyze ITGA2 expression in NSCLC tissues, and correlations between ITGA2 expression and patient survival time, ITGA2 expression and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1; CD274) expression, and ITGA2 expression and CD8+ T-cell infiltration. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction detected ITGA2 expression.

Joint polarization detection and degradation mechanisms for underwater image enhancement.

Light absorption and scattering exist in the underwater environment, which can lead to blurring, reduced brightness, and color distortion in underwater images. Polarized images have the advantages of eliminating underwater scattering interference, enhancing contrast, and detecting material information of the object in underwater detection. In this paper, from the perspective of polarization imaging, different concentrations (0.

Identification of Intestinal Microbial Community in Gallstone Patients with Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing.

Gallstone disease (GD) is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases worldwide. Nowadays, intestinal microbiota are thought to play important roles in the formation of gallstones. In our study, human fecal samples were extracted for metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) on the Illumina HiSeq platform, followed by bioinformatics analyses.

Electroacupuncture Pretreatment at Zusanli (ST36) Ameliorates Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice by Reducing Oxidative Stress via Activating Vagus Nerve-Dependent Nrf2 Pathway.

Background And Purpose: Current pharmacological approaches to prevent hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) are limited. To mitigate hepatic injury, more research is needed to improve the understanding of hepatic IRI. Depending on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theory, acupuncture therapy has been used for the treatment of ischemic diseases with good efficacy.

Dynamic Characterization of Thermocouples under Double-Pulse Laser-Induced Thermal Excitation.

This study investigated the dynamic characteristics of thermocouples by using double-pulse laser excitation for dynamic temperature calibration under extreme conditions. An experimental device was constructed for double-pulse laser calibration; the device uses a digital pulse delay trigger to precisely control the double-pulse laser to achieve sub-microsecond dual temperature excitation with adjustable time intervals. The time constants of thermocouples under single-pulse laser excitation and double-pulse laser excitation were evaluated.

More simple, efficient and accurate food research promoted by intermolecular interaction approaches: A review.

The investigation of intermolecular interactions has become increasingly important in many studies, mainly by combining different analytical approaches to reveal the molecular mechanisms behind specific experimental phenomena. From spectroscopic analysis to sophisticated molecular simulation techniques like molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and quantum chemical calculations (QCC), the mechanisms of intermolecular interactions are gradually being characterized more clearly and accurately, leading to revolutionary advances. This article aims to review the progression in the main techniques involving intermolecular interactions in food research and the corresponding experimental results.

MicroRNA-340 and MicroRNA-450b-5p: Plasma Biomarkers for Detection of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Objective: Since the inefficient cancer management is caused by inaccurate diagnoses, there is a need for minimally invasive method to improve the diagnostic accuracy of non-small-cell lung (NSCLC). This study intended to detect miR-340 and miR-450b-5p levels in plasma from NSCLC patients and to assess the potential values for the prediction of tumor development and prognosis.

Methods: A GSE64591 dataset included 200 samples (100 early-stage NSCLC patients and 100 noncancer control) aimed to identify a panel of circulating miRNAs in plasma.

Rapid and precise identification of bloodstream infections using a pre-treatment protocol combined with high-throughput multiplex genetic detection system.

Background: Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a life-threatening condition with high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Early diagnosis of BSI is critical to avoid the unnecessary application of antimicrobial agents and for proper treatment. However, the current standard methods based on blood culture are time-consuming, thus failing to provide a timely etiological diagnosis of BSI, and common PCR-based detection might be inhibited by matrix components.

Nobiletin suppresses cholangiocarcinoma proliferation via inhibiting GSK3β.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a type of hepatobiliary cancer characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation, with a poor prognosis and high mortality. Nobiletin (NBT) is a promising anti-tumor compound derived from the peels of oranges and other citrus plants, citrus plant. But the effect of NBT on CCA remains unknown.