Application of fluoride disturbs plaque microecology and promotes remineralization of enamel initial caries.

Background: The caries-preventive effect of topical fluoride application has been corroborated by a number of clinical studies. However, the effect of fluoride on oral microecology remains unclear.

Objective: To monitor the effect of fluoride on dental plaque microecology and demineralization/remineralization balance of enamel initial caries.

miR-23b mediates TNF-α-Inhibited Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells by Targeting Runx2.

Periodontitis is the most prevalent oral infection disease, which causes the destruction of periodontal supporting tissues and eventual tooth loss. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of miRNA-23b (miR-23b) in regulating the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) in an inflammatory environment. Results revealed that tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a notoriously inflammatory cytokine, remarkably attenuated the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs, which were partially rescued by SKL2001 (Wnt/β-catenin agonist).

Status of dental caries and associated factors in Tibetan adults: findings from the fourth China National Oral Health Survey.

Background: Tibet, a region where average elevation is above 3500 m and socio-economic development is relatively lower, was not included in National Oral Health Survey over decades. The cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the status of dental caries and associated factors in Tibetan adults.

Methods: Participants aged 35-44, 55-64 and 65-74 years were selected.

Preparation of a highly crosslinked biosafe dental nanocomposite resin with a tetrafunctional methacrylate quaternary ammonium salt monomer.

The design of antimicrobial dental nanocomposite resin to prevent secondary dental caries and minimize biosafety problems is an important endeavor with both fundamental and practical implications. In the present work, a novel tetrafunctional methacrylate-based polymerizable quaternary ammonium monomer (TMQA) was synthesized with the aim of using it as an immobilized antibacterial agent in methacrylate dental composites, and its structure was characterized. The antibacterial action of TMQA and polymerized resin specimens against suspected cariogenic bacteria were evaluated.

Antibacterial and thermomechanical properties of experimental dental resins containing quaternary ammonium monomers with two or four methacrylate groups.

Resins with strong antibacterial and thermomechanical properties are critical for application in oral cavities. In this study, we first evaluated the antibacterial effect of an unfilled resin incorporating 1, 4, and 7 mass% of quaternary ammonium salt (QAS) monomers containing two methacrylate groups (MAE-DB) and four methacrylate groups (TMH-DB) against , and tested the cytotoxicity and thermomechanical properties of the 4 mass% MAE-DB and TMH-DB modified resin materials. A neat resin without a QAS monomer served as the control.

Effect of Er,Cr:YSGG Laser at Different Output Powers on the Micromorphology and the Bond Property of Non-Carious Sclerotic Dentin to Resin Composites.

Background: The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiated at different powers on the micromorphology and the bonding property of non-carious sclerotic dentin to resin composites.

Methods: Two hundred bovine incisors characterized by non-carious sclerotic dentin were selected, and the seventy-two teeth of which for surface morphological analysis were divided into nine groups according to various treatments (A: the control group, B: only treated with the adhesive Adper Easy One, C: diamond bur polishing followed by Adper Easy One, D-I: Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiating at 1W, 2W, 3W, 4W, 5W, 6W output power, respectively, followed by Adper Easy One). The surface roughness values were measured by the non-contact three-dimensional morphology scanner, then the surface micromorphologies of surfaces in all groups were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM); meanwhile, Image Pro-Plus 6.

N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC)-Directed Detoxification of Methacryloxylethyl Cetyl Ammonium Chloride (DMAE-CB).

Methacryloxylethyl cetyl ammonium chloride (DMAE-CB) is a polymerizable antibacterial monomer and has been proved as an effective strategy to achieve bioactive bonding with reliable bacterial inhibitory effects. However, the toxicity of DMAE-CB may hamper its wide application in clinical situations. Thus, this study was designed to investigate the toxicity of DMAE-CB and explore the possible protective effects of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC).

In vitro antibacterial activity of a novel resin-based pulp capping material containing the quaternary ammonium salt MAE-DB and Portland cement.

Background: Vital pulp preservation in the treatment of deep caries is challenging due to bacterial infection. The objectives of this study were to synthesize a novel, light-cured composite material containing bioactive calcium-silicate (Portland cement, PC) and the antimicrobial quaternary ammonium salt monomer 2-methacryloxylethyl dodecyl methyl ammonium bromide (MAE-DB) and to evaluate its effects on Streptococcus mutans growth in vitro.

Methods: The experimental material was prepared from a 2 : 1 ratio of PC mixed with a resin of 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate, bisphenol glycerolate dimethacrylate, and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (4 : 3 : 1) containing 5 wt% MAE-DB.

Structure-property relationships in hybrid dental nanocomposite resins containing monofunctional and multifunctional polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes.

Organic-inorganic hybrid materials, such as polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS), have the potential to improve the mechanical properties of the methacrylate-based composites and resins used in dentistry. In this article, nanocomposites of methacryl isobutyl POSS (MI-POSS [bears only one methacrylate functional group]) and methacryl POSS (MA-POSS [bears eight methacrylate functional groups]) were investigated to determine the effect of structures on the properties of dental resin. The structures of the POSS-containing networks were determined by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.