Anti-influenza drug screening and inhibition of apigetrin on influenza A virus replication via TLR4 and autophagy pathways.

Activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 plays important roles in the influenzaA virus (IAV) infection. To explore TLR4 inhibitors, 161 traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) were screened. Further, we screened out Ixeris sonchifolia Hance, and its active compound, Apigetrin (apigenin-7-O-glucoside).

Optimization-Based Image Reconstruction From Low-Count, List-Mode TOF-PET Data.

Objective: We investigate an optimization-based approach to image reconstruction from list-mode data in digital time-of-flight (TOF) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.

Method: In the study, the image to be reconstructed is designed as a solution to a convex, non-smooth optimization program, and a primal-dual algorithm is developed for image reconstruction by solving the optimization program. The algorithm is first applied to list-mode TOF-PET data of a typical count level from physical phantoms and a human subject.

Scatter Correction with Combined Single-Scatter Simulation and Monte Carlo Simulation Scaling Improved the Visual Artifacts and Quantification in 3-Dimensional Brain PET/CT Imaging with O-Gas Inhalation.

In 3-dimensional PET/CT imaging of the brain with O-gas inhalation, high radioactivity in the face mask creates cold artifacts and affects the quantitative accuracy when scatter is corrected by conventional methods (e.g., single-scatter simulation [SSS] with tail-fitting scaling [TFS-SSS]).

Investigation of optimization-based reconstruction with an image-total-variation constraint in PET.

Interest remains in reconstruction-algorithm research and development for possible improvement of image quality in current PET imaging and for enabling innovative PET systems to enhance existing, and facilitate new, preclinical and clinical applications. Optimization-based image reconstruction has been demonstrated in recent years of potential utility for CT imaging applications. In this work, we investigate tailoring the optimization-based techniques to image reconstruction for PET systems with standard and non-standard scan configurations.

Transmission scan truncation with small-field-of-view dedicated cardiac SPECT systems: impact and automated quality control.

Background: Small-field-of-view (FOV) dedicated cardiac single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) systems will frequently exhibit severe transmission scan truncation that may degrade attenuation correction (AC). This study evaluated the impact of transmission scan truncation on AC and developed automated transmission scan truncation quality control (ATSTQC) for small-FOV systems.

Methods And Results: Small-FOV data were simulated from the data of 10 patients acquired by a full-FOV Philips Vertex system.