Tailoring the multiscale mechanics of tunable decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) for wound healing through immunomodulation.

With the discovery of the pivotal role of macrophages in tissue regeneration through shaping the tissue immune microenvironment, various immunomodulatory strategies have been proposed to modify traditional biomaterials. Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) has been extensively used in the clinical treatment of tissue injury due to its favorable biocompatibility and similarity to the native tissue environment. However, most reported decellularization protocols may cause damage to the native structure of dECM, which undermines its inherent advantages and potential clinical applications.

Biomimicking Leaf-Vein Engraved Soft and Elastic Membrane Promotes Vascular Reconstruction.

Hierarchical vasculature reconstruction is fundamental for tissue regeneration. The regeneration of functional vascular network requires a proper directional guidance, especially in case of large-size defects. To provide the "running track" for vasculature, a leaf-vein mimetic membrane using soft and elastic poly(lactide-co-propylene glycol-co-lactide) dimethacrylate is developed.

Optimizing the bio-degradability and biocompatibility of a biogenic collagen membrane through cross-linking and zinc-doped hydroxyapatite.

Biogenic collagen membranes have been widely used as soft tissue barriers in guided bone regeneration (GBR) and guided tissue regeneration (GTR). Nevertheless, their clinical performance remains unsatisfactory because of their low mechanical strength and fast degradation rate in vivo. Although cross-linking with chemical agents is effective and reliable for prolonging the degradation time of collagen membranes, some adverse effects including potential cytotoxicity and undesirable tissue integration have been observed during this process.

Sequential activation of heterogeneous macrophage phenotypes is essential for biomaterials-induced bone regeneration.

Macrophage has been gradually recognized as a central regulator in tissue regeneration, and the study of how macrophage mediates biomaterials-induced bone regeneration through immunomodulatory pathway becomes popular. However, the current understanding on the roles of different macrophage phenotypes in regulating bone tissue regeneration remains controversial. In this study, we demonstrate that sequential infiltration of heterogeneous phenotypes of macrophages triggered by bio-metal ions effectively facilitates bone healing in bone defect.

Effects of gallic acid on capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis in Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a gram-negative opportunistic pathogen that causes diseases mostly in immunocompromised individuals. Recently, hypervirulent K. pneumoniae strains also cause severe disease in healthy individuals.

Tuning the immune reaction to manipulate the cell-mediated degradation of a collagen barrier membrane.

In order to elicit a desired barrier function in guided bone regeneration (GBR) or guided tissue regeneration (GTR), a barrier membrane has to maintain its integrity for a certain period of time to guarantee the regeneration of target tissue. Due to the complexity and variety of clinical conditions, the healing time required for tissue regeneration varies from one case to another, which implies the need for tailoring the barrier membranes to diverse conditions via manipulating their degradation property. As a "non-self" biomaterial, a barrier membrane will inevitably trigger host-membrane immune response after implantation, which entails the activation of phagocytic cells.

Preserved individual differences in functional connectivity patterns under dexmedetomidine-induced sedation.

Functional connectivity patterns of the human brain show unique inherent or intrinsic characteristics at rest and when performing a task, similar to a fingerprint. However, whether this unique functional organization is preserved during sedation currently remains unknown. Here, we collected resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 20 subjects in each of three resting states: wakefulness, sedation, and recovery.

Effect of low-dose ketamine on PerioperAtive depreSsive Symptoms in patients undergoing Intracranial tumOr resectioN (PASSION): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Perioperative depressive symptoms (PDS) are common mental comorbidities that influence clinical outcomes and prognosis. However, there is no rapid-acting treatment to address these symptoms during a limited hospital stay.

Methods/design: This is a single-center, randomized, placebo-controlled, and double-blind trial.

Tuning surface properties of bone biomaterials to manipulate osteoblastic cell adhesion and the signaling pathways for the enhancement of early osseointegration.

Osteoblast cell adhesion is the initial step of early osseointegration responding to bone material implants. Enhancing the osteoblastic cell adhesion has become one of the prime aims when optimizing the surface properties of bone biomaterials. The traditional strategy focuses in improving the physical attachment of osteoblastic cells onto the surfaces of biomaterials.

Fluorination Enhances the Osteogenic Capacity of Porcine Hydroxyapatite.

In a previous study, we successfully prepared fluorinated porcine hydroxyapatite (FPHA) by immersing porcine hydroxyapatite (PHA) in an aqueous solution of 0.25 M sodium fluoride (NaF) under thermal treatment, and the resulting FPHA showed better physicochemical and biological properties than PHA. The purpose of this study was to further investigate how fluorine incorporation influenced the biocompatibility and osteogenic capacity of PHA.