Adverse Events Associated With Surgically Implanted Temporomandibular Joint Devices.

Introduction: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a common, yet potentially debilitating syndrome that negatively impacts patient quality of life. In patients with severe variants of TMD, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) devices have been utilized to replace the joint altogether. However, the risk profile and consequent cost-benefit ratio of these devices is largely debated.

Endoscopic-assisted versus open fronto-orbital distraction for unicoronal craniosynostosis: morphometric and technique considerations.

Introduction: In an effort to maximize benefit and minimize morbidity when performing fronto-orbital distraction osteogenesis (FODO) for unilateral coronal synostosis (UCS), we have transitioned to an endoscopic-assisted approach ("endo-FODO"). This study compares photogrammetric outcomes of patients who underwent FODO via an endoscopic-assisted versus open approach.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients treated for UCS from 2013 to 2023.

Long-Term Surgical Outcomes of Intermediate Cleft Rhinoplasty.

Background: The risk/benefit ratio of operating on the cleft nasal deformity in the period of mixed dentition remains debated. This study characterizes our 18-year experience with intermediate cleft rhinoplasties to add data and nuance to the discussion.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent intermediate cleft rhinoplasty from 2006 to 2023.

Condylar Volumetric Asymmetry Predicts Need for Surgical Intervention in Patients With Cleft Lip and/or Palate.

Objective: In this study, the authors investigate the associations between the mandibular condyle and facial asymmetry in patients with cleft lip and/or palate (CLP).

Methods: Condylar volume was calculated by measuring the bony volume of the posterior mandible superior to the sigmoid notch in skeletally mature patients with CLP and controls. Relationships between condylar asymmetry, facial deviation, and malocclusion were compared using t-tests, correlation analysis, and receiver operating characteristic curves.

The Evolution of Unicoronal Synostosis Correction: Long-Term Aesthetic Outcomes of Fronto-Orbital Distraction Versus Traditional Advancement.

Introduction: This study compares the long-term aesthetic outcomes of patients with unicoronal synostosis (UCS) who underwent fronto-orbital distraction osteogenesis (FODO) versus traditional fronto-orbital advancement and remodeling (FOAR).

Methods: Patients treated for nonsyndromic UCS from 2009 to 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Perioperative and complication characteristics were compared between all patients who underwent FOAR, open FODO, and endoscopic-assisted FODO ("endo-FODO").

Morphometric measurements of intraoral anatomy in children with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: a novel approach.

Background: An easy-to-use tool to objectively measure intraoral anatomy with meaningful clinical correlations may improve care for patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), who commonly have symptomatic macroglossia.

Methods: Children aged 2-17 years with BWS were enrolled between 12/2021 and 01/2024. Digital intraoral photographs with a laser ruler were taken, and morphometric measurements were made using ImageJ software.

AGREE II Evaluation of Clinical Practice Guidelines on Generalized Cancer Pain Management.

Purpose: While several clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) exist to guide clinical decision-making in patients with generalized cancer pain, to date there has been no comprehensive review of their quality. Our aim was to address this deficiency via the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) tool.

Design: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline-based systematic literature search followed by AGREE II appraisal of identified CPGs.

Surgical Management of 2,350 Pediatric Dermoid Cysts.

Background: We examined operative and pathologic findings of a large series of dermoid cysts at a high-volume pediatric hospital over 23 years.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of all dermoid cysts excised from 2000 to 2023 at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Lesions were classified by location.

Long-term photogrammetric outcomes of midface advancement in Apert syndrome: are we nearing normal?

Background: The aesthetic goals of midface surgery in Apert syndrome are to correct the multi-planar midface deficiency and normalize facial ratios. This study characterizes the long-term photogrammetric outcomes of midface advancement in Apert syndrome.

Methods: Patients with Apert syndrome who underwent midface distraction from 2000 to 2023 were retrospectively reviewed.

Long-Term Surgical Outcomes of Primary Rhinoplasty.

Objective: To examine the impact of primary rhinoplasty on subsequent rhinoplasties for patients with cleft lip nasal deformity.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary care pediatric hospital.

The Peripheral Reduction With Keyhole Tongue Reduction Technique for Macroglossia in Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome.

Objective: Patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome commonly have macroglossia, which can negatively affect dentoskeletal development, breathing, speaking, and eating. Tongue reduction surgery can improve symptoms, but there is no standardized surgical approach.

Methods: A video and observational commentary highlighting the effectiveness of a tongue reduction technique for BWS were presented.

Craniofacial Imaging of Pediatric Patients by Ultrashort Echo-Time Bone-Selective MRI in Comparison to CT.

Rationale And Objectives: The emergence of low-dose protocols for CT imaging has mitigated pediatric radiation exposure, yet ionizing radiation remains a concern for children with complex craniofacial conditions requiring repeated radiologic monitoring. In this work, the clinical feasibility of an ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI sequence was investigated in pediatric patients.

Materials And Methods: Twelve pediatric patients (6 female, age range 8 to 18 years) with various imaging conditions were scanned at 3T using a dual-radiofrequency, dual-echo UTE MRI sequence.

Three contrasts in 3 min: Rapid, high-resolution, and bone-selective UTE MRI for craniofacial imaging with automated deep-learning skull segmentation.

Purpose: Ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI can be a radiation-free alternative to CT for craniofacial imaging of pediatric patients. However, unlike CT, bone-specific MR imaging is limited by long scan times, relatively low spatial resolution, and a time-consuming bone segmentation workflow.

Methods: A rapid, high-resolution UTE technique for brain and skull imaging in conjunction with an automatic segmentation pipeline was developed.

Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter on Computed Tomography Scans Reflects Elevated Intracranial Pressure in Patients with Craniosynostosis.

Introduction: Assessment for elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) helps guide interventional decision-making to treat craniosynostosis. However, non-invasive techniques for measuring ICP are limited. This study assesses whether optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) on low-dose computed tomography (CT) scans is associated with ICP in patients with craniosynostosis.

A coddling of the sagittal suture: inequality in spring-assisted expansion.

Purpose: We examined differences in long-term morphometric outcomes of spring-mediated cranioplasty (SMC) for various forms of isolated nonsyndromic sagittal craniosynostosis.

Methods: A retrospective review was performed of children who underwent SMC from 2011 to 2020 at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Cephalic indices (CI), Whitaker grades, parietal bone thickness, and degree of suture fusion were assessed.

Genetic Heterogeneity, Craniofacial Surgical Burden, and Surgical Techniques in Patients With Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome.

Objective: While genotype correlates with phenotype in patients with many forms of syndromic craniosynostosis, the relationship between molecular diagnosis and craniofacial surgical history in patients with Saethre-Chotzen syndrome (SCS) is more variable. This manuscript characterizes that relationship and evaluates operative trends in these patients over the past 3 decades.

Methods: Demographic information, molecular diagnosis, and craniofacial surgical history in patients born with SCS between 1989 and 2023 were compared with appropriate statistics, including t tests and analysis of variance.

Reduction cranioplasty for hydrocephalic macrocephaly: a systematic review of surgical outcomes.

Objective: Hydrocephalic macrocephaly can result in poor psychosocial development, positioning difficulties, skin breakdown, and poor cosmesis. Although reduction cranioplasty can address these sequelae, the postoperative outcomes, complications, and mortality risk of reduction cranioplasty are not well understood given the rarity of hydrocephalic macrocephaly. Therefore, the primary objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the surgical outcomes of reduction cranioplasty for the treatment of hydrocephalic macrocephaly.

Early posterior vault distraction osteogenesis changes the syndromic craniosynostosis treatment paradigm: long-term outcomes of a 23-year cohort study.

Background: Early surgical management of syndromic craniosynostosis varies widely between centers, with patients typically undergoing multiple intracranial procedures through childhood. This study evaluates the long-term impact of early posterior vault distraction osteogenesis (PVDO) versus conventional treatment paradigms on the number and timing of subsequent craniofacial procedures.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the longitudinal operative patterns of patients with syndromic craniosynostosis treated from 2000 to 2023 with greater than five years of follow-up.