Manipulation of Unconventional Spin Polarization in Non-Collinear Exchange-Spring Magnetic Structures.

Manipulating the polarization of spin current is essential for understanding the mechanism of charge-to-spin conversion and achieving efficient electrically driven magnetization switching. Here, a novel exchange-spring magnetic structure is introduced formed by the coupling of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) CoTb and in-plane magnetic anisotropy (IMA) Co films. When a spin current with the polarization along the y-direction flows through this exchange-spring (x-z plane) structure, the interaction between the y-spin and the local exchange field with a non-collinear spatial distribution gives rise to substantial unconventional spin polarizations in the x- and z-directions, enabling field-free spin-orbit torque driven perpendicular magnetization switching at room temperature.

Multiple thyroid disorders and risk of osteoporosis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Introduction: Previous research has demonstrated that even minor changes in thyroid function are associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis (OP). However, the causal relationship between thyroid disorders and the development of OP remains unclear. To address this, we aim to investigate the connection between genetic predispositions to various thyroid disorders and OP using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.

Bioactive peptides and proteins for tissue repair: microenvironment modulation, rational delivery, and clinical potential.

Bioactive peptides and proteins (BAPPs) are promising therapeutic agents for tissue repair with considerable advantages, including multifunctionality, specificity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. However, the high complexity of tissue microenvironments and their inherent deficiencies such as short half-live and susceptibility to enzymatic degradation, adversely affect their therapeutic efficacy and clinical applications. Investigating the fundamental mechanisms by which BAPPs modulate the microenvironment and developing rational delivery strategies are essential for optimizing their administration in distinct tissue repairs and facilitating clinical translation.

The anti-tumor efficacy of a recombinant oncolytic herpes simplex virus mediated CRISPR/Cas9 delivery targeting in HPV16-positive cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer, often driven by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections such as HPV16 or HPV18, remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. HPV16, found in about 90% of cervical cancer patients, harbors key oncogenic related genes (E6, E7, E2, E5) and an upstream regulatory region (URR) that contribute to cancer progression. This study introduces a novel approach using a recombinant oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) named SONC103, armed with a CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system.

Molybdenum nanodots act as antioxidants for photothermal therapy osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) manifests as the degradation of cartilage and remodeling of subchondral bone. Restoring homeostasis within the joint is imperative for alleviating OA symptoms. Current interventions primarily target singular aspects, such as anti-aging, inflammation inhibition, free radical scavenging, and regeneration of cartilage and subchondral bone.

Strong and efficient bismuth telluride-based thermoelectrics for Peltier microcoolers.

Thermoelectric Peltier coolers (PCs) are being increasingly used as temperature stabilizers for optoelectronic devices. Increasing integration drives PC miniaturization, requiring thermoelectric materials with good strength. We demonstrate a simultaneous gain of thermoelectric and mechanical performance in (Bi, Sb)Te, and successfully fabricate micro PCs (2 × 2 mm cross-section) that show excellent maximum cooling temperature difference of 89.

High Temperature-Insensitive Electrostrain Obtained in (K, Na)NbO-Based Lead-Free Piezoceramics.

Over the last decades, notable progress is achieved in (K, Na)NbO (KNN)-based lead-free piezoceramics. However, more studies are conducted to increase its piezoelectric charge coefficient (d). For actuator applications, piezoceramics need high electric-field induced strain under low electric fields while maintaining exceptional temperature stability across a wide temperature range.

Application trends and strategies of hydrogel delivery systems in intervertebral disc degeneration: A bibliometric review.

Hydrogels are widely used to explore emerging minimally invasive strategies for intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) due to their suitability as drug and cell delivery vehicles. There has been no review of the latest research trends and strategies of hydrogel delivery systems in IVDD for the last decade. In this study, we identify the application trends and strategies in this field through bibliometric analysis, including aspects such as publication years, countries and institutions, authors and publications, and co-occurrence of keywords.

Enhanced High-Temperature Thermoelectric Performance in Te-Doped Electronegative Element-Filled Skutterudites via Suppressing Bipolar Effects and Enhanced Phonon Scattering.

CoSb-based skutterudites have great potential as midtemperature thermoelectric (TE) materials due to their low cost and excellent electrical and mechanical properties. Their application, however, is limited by the high thermal conductivity and the degradation of TE performance at elevated temperatures, attributed to the adverse effects of bipolar diffusion. Herein, a series of SeCoSbTe compounds were successfully synthesized by combining a solid-state reaction and spark plasma sintering techniques to mitigate these challenges.

Berbamine promotes ferroptosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by facilitating USP51-mediated GPX4 ubiquitination and degradation.

Esophageal cancer ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors globally. The prognosis for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma remains poor, with a 5-year survival rate below 20 % due to limited advances in therapy. Ferroptosis, a novel form of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation-driven regulated cell death (RCD), shows significant promise in cancer treatment.

From waste to wonder: exploring the hypoglycemic and anti-oxidant properties of corn processing by-products.

The industrial processing of corn ( L.) generates by-products such as corn silk, straw peels, and straw core, which contribute to adverse environmental impacts. Our study aimed to investigate sustainable approaches for mitigating these effects by evaluating the hypoglycemic potential and mechanisms of ethyl acetate fractions derived from these corn derivatives.

An Ultra-Wideband Frequency Selective Rasorber with Low Infrared Emissivity.

The paper proposes an ultra-wideband frequency selective rasorber (FSR) with low infrared emissivity for the composite detection threat of both radars and infrared sensors. Firstly, the equivalent circuit (EC) method based on transmission line (TL) theory is utilized to analyze the absorption/transmission conditions. Then, based on the analysis above, sinusoidal microstrip lines with non-frequency-varying characteristics are adopted in the design, which significantly enhances the transmission bandwidth of FSR.

Fresh Meat Classification Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Assisted by LightGBM and Optuna.

To enhance the accuracy of identifying fresh meat varieties using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), we utilized the LightGBM model in combination with the Optuna algorithm. The procedure involved flattening fresh meat slices with glass slides and collecting spectral data of the plasma from the surfaces of the fresh meat tissues (pork, beef, and chicken) using LIBS technology. A total of 900 spectra were collected.

Osteoporotic osseointegration: therapeutic hallmarks and engineering strategies.

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease caused by an imbalance between bone resorption and formation. Current treatments primarily involve systemic medication and hormone therapy. However, these systemic treatments lack directionality and are often ineffective for locally severe osteoporosis, with the potential for complex adverse reactions.

Partitioning polar-slush strategy in relaxors leads to large energy-storage capability.

Relaxor ferroelectric (RFE) films are promising energy-storage candidates for miniaturizing high-power electronic systems, which is credited to their high energy density () and efficiency. However, advancing their beyond 200 joules per cubic centimeter is challenging, limiting their potential for next-generation energy-storage devices. We implemented a partitioning polar-slush strategy in RFEs to push the boundary of .

Thermoelectric Performance Enhancement in SnS Polycrystals Owing to Hole Doping Combined with Textured Microstructures.

Recently, the earth-abundant tin sulfide (SnS) has emerged as a promising thermoelectric material due to its phonon and electron structure similar to that of tin selenide (SnSe). However, compared with SnSe, limited progress has been achieved in the thermoelectric property enhancement of SnS. Textured SnS polycrystals with an enhanced thermoelectric performance have been developed in this work.

Fluoride removal from coal mining water using novel polymeric aluminum modified activated carbon prepared through mechanochemical process.

Defluoridation of coal mining water is of great significance for sustainable development of coal industry in western China. A novel one-step mechanochemical method was developed to prepare polymeric aluminum modified powder activated carbon (PAC) for effective fluoride removal from coal mining water. Aluminum was stably loaded on the PAC through facile solid-phase reaction between polymeric aluminum (polyaluminum chloride (PACl) or polyaluminum ferric chloride (PAFC)) and PAC (1:15 W/W).

High Thermoelectric Performance in Rhombohedral GeSe-LiBiTe.

GeSe, an analogue of SnSe, shows promise in exhibiting exceptional thermoelectric performance in the phase. The constraints on its dopability, however, pose challenges in attaining optimal carrier concentrations and improving values. This study demonstrates a crystal structure evolution strategy for achieving highly doped samples and promising s in GeSe via LiBiTe alloying.

The Oncolytic virus VT1092M and an Anti-PD-L1 antibody synergize to induce systemic antitumor immunity in a murine bilateral tumor model.

This study investigated the synergistic potential of an oncolytic herpes simplex virus armed with interleukin 12 (VT1092M) in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors for enhancing antitumor responses. The potential of this combination treatment to induce systemic antitumor immunity was assessed using bilateral subcutaneous tumor and tumor re-challenge mouse models. The antitumor efficacy of various OV and ICI treatment combinations and the underlying mechanisms were explored through diverse analytical techniques, including flow cytometry and RNA sequencing.

Burden evaluation and prediction of osteoarthritis and site-specific osteoarthritis coupled with attributable risk factors in China from 1990 to 2030.

Objective: This study aimed to estimate and predict the burden of osteoarthritis (OA) and site-specific OA (hip, knee, hand, and others) from 1990 to 2030 and their attributable risk factors in China.

Method: Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Diseases 2019. The burden was estimated by analyzing the trends of prevalence, incidence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALY).

Pan-cancer analysis implicates novel insights of lactate metabolism into immunotherapy response prediction and survival prognostication.

Background: Immunotherapy has emerged as a potent clinical approach for cancer treatment, but only subsets of cancer patients can benefit from it. Targeting lactate metabolism (LM) in tumor cells as a method to potentiate anti-tumor immune responses represents a promising therapeutic strategy.

Methods: Public single-cell RNA-Seq (scRNA-seq) cohorts collected from patients who received immunotherapy were systematically gathered and scrutinized to delineate the association between LM and the immunotherapy response.