Bolstered bone regeneration by multiscale customized magnesium scaffolds with hierarchical structures and tempered degradation.

Addressing irregular bone defects is a formidable clinical challenge, as traditional scaffolds frequently fail to meet the complex requirements of bone regeneration, resulting in suboptimal healing. This study introduces a novel 3D-printed magnesium scaffold with hierarchical structure (macro-, meso-, and nano-scales) and tempered degradation (microscale), intricately customized at multiple scales to bolster bone regeneration according to patient-specific needs. For the hierarchical structure, at the macroscale, it can feature anatomic geometries for seamless integration with the bone defect; The mesoscale pores are devised with optimized curvature and size, providing an adequate mechanical response as well as promoting cellular proliferation and vascularization, essential for natural bone mimicry; The nanoscale textured surface is enriched with a layered double hydroxide membrane, augmenting bioactivity and osteointegration.

Fusion Sarcoma Mimicking Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor with Prolonged Survival.

Nuclear Protein in Testis (NUT)-rearranged tumors comprise predominantly NUT carcinoma but also include certain lymphomas, leukemias, skin appendage tumors, and sarcomas. Although histologically diverse, all are genetically identified by oncogenic rearrangement in the NUTM1 gene. Many fusion partners occur, and NSD3 is NUT carcinoma's third most common partner.

Structural characterization, physicochemical properties and hypoglycemic activity of soluble dietary fibers from salt stressed mung bean sprouts.

Low-salt stress germination is an effective way to improve the nutritional composition of food crops. A novel soluble dietary fiber (MS-SDF) was isolated from low-salt stress mung bean sprouts that were exposed to low-salt stress using anion exchange and gel permeation techniques. Structural analysis revealed that MS-SDF was a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 164.

Species-specific microsymbiont discrimination mediated by a receptor kinase.

Host range specificity is a prominent feature of the legume-rhizobial symbiosis. and are two closely related species that engage in root nodule symbiosis with legume plants of the genus, but certain species exhibit selectivity in their interactions with the two rhizobial species. We have identified a receptor-like kinase, which can discriminate between the two bacterial species, acting as a genetic barrier against infection by most strains.

The effect of pore size on the mechanical properties, biodegradation and osteogenic effects of additively manufactured magnesium scaffolds after high temperature oxidation: An and study.

The effects of pore size in additively manufactured biodegradable porous magnesium on the mechanical properties and biodegradation of the scaffolds as well as new bone formation have rarely been reported. In this work, we found that high temperature oxidation improves the corrosion resistance of magnesium scaffold. And the effects of pore size on the mechanical characteristics and biodegradation of scaffolds, as well as new bone formation, were investigated using magnesium scaffolds with three different pore sizes, namely, 500, 800, and 1400 μm (P500, P800, and P1400).

The biological properties of 3D-printed degradable magnesium alloy WE43 porous scaffolds via the oxidative heat strategy.

As a biodegradable material, magnesium alloy has a modulus similar to that of bone, and given the biological activity of its degradation products, it has the potential to be a bone grafting material. Oxidation heat treatment is a very effective passivation method that may reduce the rate of magnesium alloy degradation. Oxidation heat treatment increases the rare earth oxide content of the scaffold as well as the corrosion resistance of the scaffold.

Paired receptors mediate broad-spectrum resistance to nodulation by carrying a species-specific gene.

Plants have evolved the ability to distinguish between symbiotic and pathogenic microbial signals. However, potentially cooperative plant-microbe interactions often abort due to incompatible signaling. The () locus in the legume blocks tissue invasion and root nodule induction by many strains of the nitrogen-fixing symbiont .

Biodegradable magnesium alloy WE43 porous scaffolds fabricated by laser powder bed fusion for orthopedic applications: Process optimization, and investigation.

Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) of magnesium (Mg) alloy porous scaffolds is expected to solve the dual challenges from customized structures and biodegradable functions required for repairing bone defects. However, one of the key technical difficulties lies in the poor L-PBF process performance of Mg, contributed by the high susceptibility to oxidation, vaporization, thermal expansion, and powder attachment etc. This work investigated the influence of L-PBF energy input and scanning strategy on the formation quality of porous scaffolds by using WE43 powder, and characterized the microstructure, mechanical properties, biocompatibility, biodegradation and osteogenic effect of the as-built WE43 porous scaffolds.

[Retracted] MicroRNA‑101 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of bladder cancer cells via targeting c‑FOS.

Following the publication of this paper, it was drawn to the Editors' attention by a concerned reader that certain of the Transwell cell migration assay data shown in Fig. 5A were strikingly similar to data appearing in different form in other articles by different authors. Owing to the fact that the contentious data in the above article had already been published elsewhere, or were already under consideration for publication, prior to its submission to , the Editor has decided that this paper should be retracted from the Journal.

Effects of Different Types of Interlayers on the Interfacial Reaction Mechanism at the Cu Side of Al/Cu Lap Joints Obtained by Laser Welding/Brazing.

The influence of tin foil and Ni coatings on microstructures, mechanical properties, and the interfacial reaction mechanism was investigated during laser welding/brazing of Al/Cu lap joints. In the presence of a Zn-based filler, tin foil as well as Ni coating strengthened the Al/Cu joints. The tin foil only slightly influenced the joint strength.

Influence of Laser Energy Input and Shielding Gas Flow on Evaporation Fume during Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Zn Metal.

Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) of Zn-based metals exhibits prominent advantages to produce customized biodegradable implants. However, massive evaporation occurs during laser melting of Zn so that it becomes a critical issue to modulate laser energy input and gas shielding conditions to eliminate the negative effect of evaporation fume during the LPBF process. In this research, two numerical models were established to simulate the interaction between the scanning laser and Zn metal as well as the interaction between the shielding gas flow and the evaporation fume, respectively.

Isoflavone levels, nodulation and gene expression profiles of a CRISPR/Cas9 deletion mutant in the isoflavone synthase gene of red clover.

Isoflavones are not involved in rhizobial signaling in red clover, but likely play a role in defense in the rhizosphere. Red clover (Trifolium pratense) is a high-quality forage legume, well suited for grazing and hay production in the temperate regions of the world. Like many legumes, red clover produces a number of phenylpropanoid compounds including anthocyanidins, flavan-3-ols, flavanols, flavanones, flavones, and isoflavones.

The Impacts of Domestication and Breeding on Nitrogen Fixation Symbiosis in Legumes.

Legumes are the second most important family of crop plants. One defining feature of legumes is their unique ability to establish a nitrogen-fixing root nodule symbiosis with soil bacteria known as rhizobia. Since domestication from their wild relatives, crop legumes have been under intensive breeding to improve yield and other agronomic traits but with little attention paid to the belowground symbiosis traits.

Genetic and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Symbiotic Specificity in Legume-Rhizobium Interactions.

Legumes are able to form a symbiotic relationship with nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria called rhizobia. The result of this symbiosis is to form nodules on the plant root, within which the bacteria can convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia that can be used by the plant. Establishment of a successful symbiosis requires the two symbiotic partners to be compatible with each other throughout the process of symbiotic development.

Epichloë festucae endophytic growth in florets, seeds, and seedlings of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne).

Many symbiotic Epichloë species are seed-transmitted in their grass hosts. For a detailed investigation of Epichloë festucae colonization throughout the life cycle of its host, the authors transformed strain Fl1 with a fungal-active gene for enhanced cyan-fluorescent protein (eCFP), introduced it into perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), and used confocal microscopy to track its growth in the shoot apex, floral primordium, floral organs, seeds, and seedlings. Hyphae intercellularly colonized leaf sheaths, blades, true stems, and leaf primordia, and among floral primordia the endophyte exhibited different levels of colonization.

Nodule-Specific Cysteine-Rich Peptides Negatively Regulate Nitrogen-Fixing Symbiosis in a Strain-Specific Manner in Medicago truncatula.

Medicago truncatula shows a high level of specificity when interacting with its symbiotic partner Sinorhizobium meliloti. This specificity is mainly manifested at the nitrogen-fixing stage of nodule development, such that a particular bacterial strain forms nitrogen-fixing nodules (Nod/Fix) on one plant genotype but ineffective nodules (Nod/Fix) on another. Recent studies have just begun to reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms that control this specificity.

The Soybean Gene Restricts Nodulation by USDA193.

is a fast-growing rhizobial species that can establish a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with a wide range of legume species including soybeans (). In soybeans, this interaction shows a high level of specificity such that particular strains nodulate only a limited set of plant genotypes. Here we report the identification of a dominant gene in soybeans that restricts nodulation with USDA193.

Host-secreted antimicrobial peptide enforces symbiotic selectivity in .

Legumes engage in root nodule symbioses with nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria known as rhizobia. In nodule cells, bacteria are enclosed in membrane-bound vesicles called symbiosomes and differentiate into bacteroids that are capable of converting atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia. Bacteroid differentiation and prolonged intracellular survival are essential for development of functional nodules.

Microsymbiont discrimination mediated by a host-secreted peptide in .

The legume-rhizobial symbiosis results in the formation of root nodules that provide an ecological niche for nitrogen-fixing bacteria. However, plant-bacteria genotypic interactions can lead to wide variation in nitrogen fixation efficiency, and it is not uncommon that a bacterial strain forms functional (Fix) nodules on one plant genotype but nonfunctional (Fix) nodules on another. Host genetic control of this specificity is unknown.

MicroRNA-101 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of bladder cancer cells via targeting c-FOS.

MicroRNAs (miRs) have important roles in the parthenogenesis of malignancies. While it has been suggested that deregulation of miR‑101 is involved in bladder cancer, the underlying mechanisms have remained largely elusive. The present study aimed to investigate the roles of miR‑101 in the regulation of bladder cancer cell proliferation and invasion.

Rj4, a Gene Controlling Nodulation Specificity in Soybeans, Encodes a Thaumatin-Like Protein But Not the One Previously Reported.

Rj4 is a dominant gene in soybeans (Glycine max) that restricts nodulation by many strains of Bradyrhizobium elkanii. The soybean-B. elkanii symbiosis has a low nitrogen-fixation efficiency, but B.

Identification of a dominant gene in Medicago truncatula that restricts nodulation by Sinorhizobium meliloti strain Rm41.

Background: Leguminous plants are able to form a root nodule symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria called rhizobia. This symbiotic association shows a high level of specificity. Beyond the specificity for the legume family, individual legume species/genotypes can only interact with certain restricted group of bacterial species or strains.

Plant-symbiotic fungi as chemical engineers: multi-genome analysis of the clavicipitaceae reveals dynamics of alkaloid loci.

The fungal family Clavicipitaceae includes plant symbionts and parasites that produce several psychoactive and bioprotective alkaloids. The family includes grass symbionts in the epichloae clade (Epichloë and Neotyphodium species), which are extraordinarily diverse both in their host interactions and in their alkaloid profiles. Epichloae produce alkaloids of four distinct classes, all of which deter insects, and some-including the infamous ergot alkaloids-have potent effects on mammals.

OsHSF7 gene in rice, Oryza sativa L., encodes a transcription factor that functions as a high temperature receptive and responsive factor.

Three novel Class A genes that encode heat shock transcription factor (HSF) were cloned from Oryza Sativa L using a yeast hybrid method. The OsHSF7 gene was found to be rapidly expressed in high levels in response to temperature, which indicates that it may be involved in heat stress reception and response. Over-expression of OsHSF7 in transgenic Arabidopsis could not induced over the expression of most target heat stress-inducible genes of HSFs; however, the transcription of some HSF target genes was more abundant in transgenic plants following two hours of heat stress treatment.