Elevated urinary levels of primary aromatic amines in residents from e-waste dismantling area: Associations with oxidative stress and kidney injury.

Currently, the adverse effects of carcinogenic primary aromatic amines (PAAs) released from electronic waste (e-waste) dismantling activities on human health remain unclear. Therefore, this study examined the urinary concentrations of 28 PAAs in residents living in both e-waste dismantling and control areas, and the median concentrations (unit: μg/g Cre) of aniline (ANI) (1.06 vs.

Occurrence and bioaccumulation of parabens and their metabolites in the biota from a subtropical freshwater river ecosystem: Implications for human exposure.

Widespread occurrence of parabens in the environment has been documented, whereas little information is available about the occurrence and bioaccumulation of parabens in the aquatic biota. In this study, plants (n = 14), plankton (n = 20), and fish muscle (n = 89) samples were collected from Dongjiang River Basin and analyzed for nine parabens and two of their metabolites using ultra-high performance liquid chromatogram-tandem mass spectrometry. All the samples contained notable concentrations of parabens and the metabolites, and the total concentrations of parabens (Σp-PBs; sum of nine parent compounds) ranged from 0.

Distribution, bioaccumulation and human exposure risk of bisphenol analogues, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and its derivatives in the Dongjiang River basin, south China.

Bisphenols, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), and bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) are commonly used as raw materials or additives in the production of several industrial and consumer products. However, information regarding the occurrence and distribution of these industrial chemicals in freshwater ecosystem is limited. In this study, four bisphenols, six BADGEs, and three BFDGEs were determined in abiotic and biotic samples collected from the Dongjiang River basin in southern China.

Occurrence, removal, and fate of benzothiazoles (BTHs) and benzotriazoles (BTRs) in two wastewater treatment plants in New York State, USA.

Benzothiazoles (BTHs) and benzotriazoles (BTRs) are widely used in various consumer products. However, their occurrence and fate in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the United States remain poorly understood. In this study, wastewater and sludge samples were collected from two WWTPs from the Albany area of New York State (WWTP and WWTP) and the concentrations of three BTH derivatives (BTH, 2-OH-BTH, and 2-Me-S-BTH) and five BTR derivatives (1-OH-BTR, XTR, 4-OH-BTR, TTR, and BTR) were determined.

Widespread occurrence of two typical N, N'-substituted p-phenylenediamines and their quinones in humans: Association with oxidative stress and liver damage.

While N, N'-substituted p-phenylenediamines (PPDs) and their quinone derivatives (PPDQs) have been widely detected in the environment, there is currently limited data on their occurrence in humans. In this study, we conducted the first serum analysis of two PPDs and PPDQs in the healthy and secondary nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (S-NAFLD) cohorts in South China. The concentrations of four oxidative stress biomarkers (OSBs), namely, 8-iso-prostaglandin F (8-PGF), 11β-prostaglandin F (11-PGF), 15(R)-prostaglandin F (15-PGF), and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine in serum samples were also measured.

Placental transfer of bisphenol diglycidyl ethers (BDGEs) and its association with maternal health in a population in South of China.

Despite high production and usage, little is known about exposure to bisphenol diglycidyl ethers (BDGEs) and their derivatives in pregnant women and fetuses. In this study, we determined nine BDGEs in 106 paired maternal and cord serum samples collected from e-waste dismantling sites in South of China. Bisphenol A bis (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) glycidyl ether (BADGE·2HO), bisphenol A (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl) (2,3-dihydroxypropyl) glycidyl ether (BADGE·HCl·HO), and bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were the major BDGEs, with median concentrations of 0.

EISA-EXPOSOME: One Highly Sensitive and Autonomous Exposomic Platform with Enhanced in-Source Fragmentation/Annotation.

Lacking a highly sensitive exposome screening technique is one of the biggest challenges in moving exposomic research forward. Enhanced in-source fragmentation/annotation (EISA) has been developed to facilitate molecular identification in untargeted metabolomics and proteomics. In this work, with a mixture of 50 pesticides at three concentration levels (20, 4, and 0.

Evidence of strobilurin fungicides and their metabolites in Dongjiang River ecosystem, southern China: Bioaccumulation and ecological risks.

Despite the widespread application of strobilurin fungicides (SFs) in agriculture, little is known about their distribution and bioaccumulation in aquatic ecosystems. In this study, the concentrations of 12 SFs and two of their metabolites were determined in abiotic (water and sediment; n = 83) and biotic (plant, algae, zooplankton, and fish; n = 123) samples collected from a subtropical freshwater ecosystem, namely, Dongjiang River wetland, in southern China. Among the 12 SFs measured, azoxystrobin (AZ) was the major fungicide found in surface water (median: 2.

Eight novel brominated flame retardants in indoor and outdoor dust samples from the E-waste recycling industrial park: Implications for human exposure.

As alternatives for legacy brominated flame retardants, novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) have a wide array of applications in the electronic and electrical fields. The shift of recycling modes of electronic and electrical waste (e-waste) from informal recycling family workshop to formal recycling facilities might come with the change the chemical landscape emitted including NBFRs, however, little information is known about this topic. This study investigated the occurrence characteristics, distribution, and exposure profiles of eight common NBFRs and their derivatives in an e-waste recycling industrial park in central China and illustrated the differences in various functional zones in the recycling park.

eDNA-based diversity and multitrophic network reveal the effects of land use and pollutants on the subtropical Dongjiang River systems.

Biodiversity and its constituted multitrophic network in rivers are accelerating change under human land use and pollutants. However, due to the lack of complete datasets across taxa limited by traditional morphological biomonitoring, the change patterns of biodiversity and multitrophic networks are still unclear. Here, we used the eDNA approach to capture multitrophic communities (including fish, aquatic insects, protozoa, diatom and bacteria) in the Dongjiang River, a typical subtropical river in southeast China, and analyzed the changing patterns of biodiversity and multitrophic networks in relation to land use and water pollution.

Changing on the Concentrations of Neonicotinoids in Rice and Drinking Water through Heat Treatment Process.

Neonicotinoids (NEOs) have become the most widely used insecticides in the world since the mid-1990s. According to Chinese dietary habits, rice and water are usually heated before being consumed, but the information about the alteration through the heat treatment process is very limited. In this study, NEOs in rice samples were extracted by acetonitrile (ACN) and in tap water, samples were extracted through an HLB cartridge, then, a high-performance liquid chromatography system and a triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) were applied for target chemical analysis.

Deciphering Gut Microbiome Responses upon Microplastic Exposure via Integrating Metagenomics and Activity-Based Metabolomics.

Perturbations of the gut microbiome are often intertwined with the onset and development of diverse metabolic diseases. It has been suggested that gut microbiome perturbation could be a potential mechanism through which environmental chemical exposure induces or exacerbates human diseases. Microplastic pollution, an emerging environmental issue, has received ever increasing attention in recent years.

Infantile Internal and External Exposure to Neonicotinoid Insecticides: A Comparison of Levels across Various Sources.

Little is known about exposure of infants to neonicotinoid insecticides (NEOs). In this study, concentrations of six parent NEOs (-NEOs) and -desmethyl-acetamiprid (-dm-ACE) were measured in urine and whole blood samples from infants, in addition to breast milk, infant formula, and tap water collected in South China. The -NEO with the highest median concentration in urine (0.

Quantitative multiple fragment monitoring with enhanced in-source fragmentation/annotation mass spectrometry.

Analytical techniques with high sensitivity and selectivity are essential to the quantitative analysis of clinical samples. Liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry is the gold standard in clinical chemistry. However, tandem mass spectrometers come at high capital expenditure and maintenance costs.

Deep-sea organisms research oriented by deep-sea technologies development.

Deep-sea environment, characterized by high pressures, extremely high/low temperatures, limited photosynthesis-generated organic matter, darkness, and high levels of corrosion, is home to flourishing special ecosystems in the world. Here, we illustrate how the deep-sea equipment offers insights into the study of life in the deep sea based on the work in the past five decades. We first describe how organisms in the deep sea are studied, even though it is highly difficult to get access to such extreme environments.

Mechanisms of polystyrene microplastic degradation by the microbially driven Fenton reaction.

Natural hydroxyl radical (·OH) production, which partially occurs through the microbially driven Fenton reaction, can enhance the degradation of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs). However, ·OH causes damage to microorganisms, which might in turn restrain the microbially driven Fenton reaction. Thus, whether PS-MPs can be continuously degraded by the microbially driven Fenton reaction and how they are degraded are still unknown.

A Pilot Nationwide Survey on the Concentrations of Neonicotinoids and Their Metabolites in Indoor Dust from China: Application for Human Exposure.

The present study assessed the residue levels of six parent neonicotinoids (p-NEOs) and four metabolites (m-NEOs) in indoor dust collected from 12 cities of China. Acetamiprid (ACE) and imidacloprid (IMI) were the predominated p-NEOs (detection rates: 98%) with the median values at 4.54 and 7.

Accelerated lysine metabolism conveys kidney protection in salt-sensitive hypertension.

Hypertension and kidney disease have been repeatedly associated with genomic variants and alterations of lysine metabolism. Here, we combined stable isotope labeling with untargeted metabolomics to investigate lysine's metabolic fate in vivo. Dietary C labeled lysine was tracked to lysine metabolites across various organs.

Effects of long-term and low-concentration exposures of benzene and formaldehyde on mortality of Drosophila melanogaster.

Single-chemical thresholds cannot comprehensively evaluate the risk of chemical mixture exposure in indoor air. Moreover, a large number of researches have focused on short-term and high-concentration co-exposure scenarios related to different species, based on diverse endpoints, which hampers the application and improvement of existing risk evaluation models of chemical mixture exposures. More importantly, current risk evaluation models are not user-friendly for construction practitioners who do not have sufficient toxicological knowledge.

Occurrence of Phthalates in Bottled Drinks in the Chinese Market and Its Implications for Dietary Exposure.

Ubiquitous occurrences of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) or phthalates in a variety of consumer products have been demonstrated. Nevertheless, studies on their occurrence in various types of bottled drinks are limited. In this study, fifteen PAEs were analyzed in six categories of bottled drinks ( = 105) collected from the Chinese market, including mineral water, tea drinks, energy drinks, juice drinks, soft drinks, and beer.

Proteomics with Enhanced In-Source Fragmentation/Annotation: Applying XCMS-EISA Informatics and Q-MRM High-Sensitivity Quantification.

Enhanced in-source fragmentation/annotation (EISA) has recently been shown to produce fragment ions that match tandem mass spectrometry data across a wide range of small molecules. EISA has been developed to facilitate data-dependent acquisition (DDA), data-independent acquisiton (DIA), and multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM), enabling molecular identifications in untargeted metabolomics and targeted quantitative single-quadrupole MRM (Q-MRM) analyses. Here, EISA has been applied to peptide-based proteomic analysis using optimized in-source fragmentation to generate fragmentation patterns for a mixture of 38 peptides, which were comparable to the b- and y-type fragment ions typically observed in tandem MS experiments.