Ca- and cGAMP-Contained Semiconducting Polymer Nanomessengers for Radiodynamic-Activated Calcium Overload and Immunotherapy.

Various second messengers exert some vital actions in biological systems, including cancer therapy, but the therapeutic efficacy is often need to be improved. A semiconducting polymer nanomessenger (TCa/SPN/a) consisting of two second messengers, calcium ion (Ca) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP) for metastatic breast cancer therapy, is reported here. Such a TCa/SPN/a is constructed to exhibit X-ray response for the activatable delivery of mitochondria-targeting Ca compound and cGAMP as stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist.

Hybrid Cell Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles for Synergizing Sonodynamic Therapy and Immunotherapy against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Tumor immunotherapy represents a highly promising modality for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Nevertheless, its therapeutic efficacy has been profoundly impacted by challenges such as low drug uptake, hypoxia, and immunosuppression. To address these problems, the study develops a strategy combining sonodynamic therapy (SDT) and immunotherapy using biomimetic nanoparticles coated with hybrid membranes.

Boosting Tumor Accumulation of Phthalocyanine through Sialylation Engineering for Superior Cancer Phototherapy.

Phthalocyanines (Pcs) are widely developed in cancer phototherapy due to their definite chemical structure and tunable photosensitivity. However, their in vivo application is hampered by low water solubility and non-specific biodistribution. Here,a strategy of sialylation-modulation is developed for the first time to highly improve the bioavailability of Pcs.

Hydrogen sulfide-generating semiconducting polymer nanoparticles for amplified radiodynamic-ferroptosis therapy of orthotopic glioblastoma.

A variety of therapeutic strategies are available to treat glioblastoma (GBM), but the tumor remains one of the deadliest due to its aggressive invasiveness, restrictive blood-brain barrier (BBB), and exceptional resistance to drugs. In this study, we present a hydrogen sulfide (HS)-generating semiconducting polymer nanoparticle (PFeD@Ang) for amplified radiodynamic-ferroptosis therapy of orthotopic glioblastoma. Our results show that in an acidic tumor microenvironment (TME), HS donors produce large amounts of HS, which inhibits mitochondrial respiration and alleviates cellular hypoxia, thus enhancing the radiodynamic effect during X-ray irradiation; meanwhile, Fe is reduced to Fe by tannic acid in an acidic TME, which promotes an iron-dependent cell death process in tumors.

Biomimetic Cell Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles for Cancer Theranostics.

Nanoparticles can enhance drugs accumulating at the tumor site and hold tremendous promise for achieving effective tumor treatment. However, due to the complexity of cancer heterogeneity and suppressive tumor microenvironment, the delivery of traditional nanoparticles has poor infiltration and off-target effects, making it difficult to control the drug release rate and causing off-target toxicity. In recent years, cell membrane-coated biomimetic nanoparticles have been developed, which have both the natural characteristics of biomembranes and the physical characteristics of traditional nanoparticles, thus improving the homologous targeting ability of nanoparticles to tumor cells and better biocompatibility.

Durable Flexible Conductive Fiber Based on Cross-Linking Network Tannic Acid/Polypyrrole for Wearable Thermotherapy Monitoring System.

Intelligent wearable textiles have garnered attention and advancement, particularly in the realms of thermotherapy and health monitoring. As a critical component of intelligent wearable textiles, conductive fibers are expected to have long-term stable and durable conductivity. In this work, a highly stretchable and conductive fiber based on tannic acid/polypyrrole was developed.

Oxygen-carrying semiconducting polymer nanoprodrugs induce sono-pyroptosis for deep-tissue tumor treatment.

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has been explored for cancer therapy, especially for deep tumors due to its low tissue penetration restriction. The therapeutic efficacy of SDT is limited due to the complicated tumor microenvironment. This study reports the construction of oxygen-carrying semiconducting polymer nanoprodrugs (OSPN) for deep tumor treatment via combining amplified SDT with pyroptosis.

Neutrophil-Targeting Semiconducting Polymer Nanotheranostics for NIR-II Fluorescence Imaging-Guided Photothermal-NO-Immunotherapy of Orthotopic Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the deadliest primary brain tumors, but its diagnosis and curative therapy still remain a big challenge. Herein, neutrophil-targeting semiconducting polymer nanotheranostics (SSPN) is reported for second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging-guided trimodal therapy of orthotopic glioblastoma in mouse models. The SSPN are formed based on two semiconducting polymers acting as NIR-II fluorescence probe as well as photothermal conversion agent, respectively.

Study on the involvement of microglial S100A8 in neuroinflammation and microglia activation during migraine attacks.

Background: Microglia is the primary source of inflammatory factors during migraine attacks. This study aims to investigate the role of microglia related genes (MRGs) in migraine attacks.

Methods: The RNA sequencing results of migraineurs and the panglaodb database were used to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in migraine related to microglia.

Semiconducting polymer nanoprodrugs enable tumor-specific therapy via sono-activatable ferroptosis.

Ferroptosis, a recently identified form of cell death, holds promise for cancer therapy, but concerns persist regarding its uncontrolled actions and potential side effects. Here, we present a semiconducting polymer nanoprodrug (SPN) featuring an innovative ferroptosis prodrug (DHU-CBA7) to induce sono-activatable ferroptosis for tumor-specific therapy. DHU-CBA7 prodrug incorporate methylene blue, ferrocene and urea bond, which can selectively and specifically respond to singlet oxygen (O) to turn on ferroptosis action via rapidly cleaving the urea bonds.

Thermal Conductivity of the Graphene/Polydimethylsiloxane Composite by Manipulating the Network Structure.

In this work, a nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulation is utilized to explore the effect of network structure of graphene (GE) on the thermal conductivity of the GE/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite. First, the thermal conductivity of composites rises with increasing volume fraction of GE. The heat transfer ability via the GE channel is found to be nearly the same by analyzing the GE-GE interfacial thermal resistance (ITR).

Near-infrared photoactivatable three-in-one nanoagents to aggravate hypoxia and enable amplified photo-chemotherapy.

Solid tumors create a hypoxic microenvironment and this character can be utilized for cancer therapy, but the hypoxia levels are insufficient to achieve satisfactory therapeutic benefits. Some tactics have been used to improve hypoxia, which however will cause side effects due to the uncontrolled drug release. We herein report near-infrared (NIR) photoactivatable three-in-one nanoagents (PCT) to aggravate tumor hypoxia and enable amplified photo-combinational chemotherapy.

Role of legumain in metabolic dysfunction, diagnosis, and prognosis of patients with atherosclerosis.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of legumain in metabolic dysfunction, diagnosis, and prognosis in patients with atherosclerosis.

Methods: Plasma levels of legumain from patients with atherosclerosis (n = 320) and healthy controls (n = 320), expression of legumain in atheromatous plaque and secreted from monocyte-derived macrophages were measured using enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and fluorescence.

Results: Data demonstrated that atherosclerotic patients had higher plasma level of legumain than healthy controls, which was a diagnostic and prognostic marker and corrected with the degree of atherosclerosis.

Optical coherence tomography analysis of lesion characteristics and thrombus types in non ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients.

The precise features of lesions in non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients with total occlusion (TO) of the infarct-related artery (IRA) are still unclear. This study employs optical coherence tomography (OCT) to investigate pathological features in NSTEMI patients with or without IRA TO and explores the relationship between thrombus types and IRA occlusive status. This was a single-center retrospective study.

NK-92 cells labeled with FeO-PEG-CD56/Avastin@Ce6 nanoprobes for the targeted treatment and noninvasive therapeutic evaluation of breast cancer.

Adoptive cellular immunotherapy as a promising and alternative cancer therapy platform is critical for future clinical applications. Natural killer (NK) cells have attracted attention as an important type of innate immune regulatory cells that can rapidly kill multiple adjacent cancer cells. However, these cells are significantly less effective in treating solid tumors than in treating hematological tumors.

Radioactive hybrid semiconducting polymer nanoparticles for imaging-guided tri-modal therapy of breast cancer.

Due to the rapid progression and aggressive metastasis of breast cancer, its diagnosis and treatment remain a great challenge. The simultaneous inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis is necessary for breast cancer to obtain ideal therapeutic outcomes. We herein report the development of radioactive hybrid semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPN) for imaging-guided tri-modal therapy of breast cancer.

Regulation of platelet activation and thrombus formation in acute non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction: Role of Beclin1.

This study aims to investigate the mechanism of platelet activation-induced thrombosis in patients with acute non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) by detecting the expression of autophagy-associated proteins in platelets of patients with NSTEMI. A prospective study was conducted on 121 patients with NSTEMI who underwent emergency coronary angiography and optical coherence tomography. The participants were divided into two groups: the ST segment un-offset group (n = 64) and the ST segment depression group (n = 57).

Effects of clonal fragmentation on depend on growth stages in a rubber plantation.

Introduction: Clonal fragmentation helps to assess clonal plants' growth resilience to human and environmental disturbance. Although clonal integration in epiphytes in tropical rubber plantations is important to understand their role in enhancing biodiversity and ecosystem services, research on this subject is limited. These plantations are typically monospecific economic forests that face increased anthropogenic disturbances.

Evaluation of an Optimized Workflow for the Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation.

BACKGROUND A significant number of atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrences occur after initial ablation, often due to pulmonary vein reconnections or triggers from non-pulmonary veins. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients with paroxysmal AF who underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation for the first time were enrolled. Base on propensity score matching (1: 1 matching), 118 patients were selected for an optimized workflow for the radiofrequency catheter ablation of paroxysmal AF (OWCA) group and a conventional group.

Progressive Optimization of Lanthanide Nanoparticle Scintillators for Enhanced Triple-Activated Radioluminescence Imaging.

Lanthanide nanoparticle (LnNP) scintillators exhibit huge potential in achieving radionuclide-activated luminescence (radioluminescence, RL). However, their structure-activity relationship remains largely unexplored. Herein, progressive optimization of LnNP scintillators is presented to unveil their structure-dependent RL property and enhance their RL output efficiency.